1. IoT: a 5G perspective Junyi Li
LIDS Smart Urban Infrastructures Workshop
May 11, 2017
IoT: a 5G perspective
Junyi Li

2. 5G to meet significantly expanding connectivity needs
Building on the transformation started in 4G LTE
Enabling
new services
Connecting
new industries and devices
Empowering
new user experiences
Scalable
To an extreme variation of requirements
Uniform Experience
Improved user experiences with new ways of connecting
Unified
Across diverse spectrum types/bands, services and deployments

3. 5G will enhance existing and expand to new use cases
Smart homes/ buildings/cities
New form factors, e.g. wearables and sensors
Autonomous vehicles, object tracking
Mobile broadband, e.g. UHD virtual reality
Infrastructure monitoring & control, e.g. Smart Grid
Demanding indoor/outdoor conditions, e.g. venues
Remote control & process automation, e.g. aviation, robotics
Enhanced Mobile Broadband
Faster, more uniform user experiences
Wide Area Internet of Things
More efficient, lower cost communications
with deeper coverage
Higher-Reliability Control
Lower latency and higher reliability

4. Scalable across a broad variation of requirements
Deeper coverage
To reach challenging locations
Lower energy
10+ years of battery life
Stronger security
e.g. Health/government/financial trusted
Higher reliability
<1 out of 100 million packets lost
Wide area Internet of Things
Lower complexity
10s of bits per second
Higher-reliability control
Lower latency
As low as 1 millisecond
Higher density
1 million nodes per Km2
Enhanced
mobile broadband
Enhanced capacity
10 Tbps per Km2
Frequent user mobility
Or no mobility at all
Enhanced data rates
Multi-Gigabits per second
Better awareness
Discovery and optimization
Based on target requirements for the envisioned 5G use cases

5. Proposed 5G standardization for 2020 launch
5G study items
R15 5G work items
R16 5G work Items
R17+ 5G evolution
3GPP RAN workshop
First 5G launch1
5G phase 2
4G evolution—LTE will evolve in parallel with 5G
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Note: Estimated commercial dates; 1 Forward compatibility with R16 and beyond

6. Optimizing toward the goal to connect anything, anywhere
5G mMTC use cases
Optimizing toward the goal to connect anything, anywhere
Utility metering
Smart cities
Smart homes
Wearables / Fitness
Remote sensors / Actuators
Object tracking
Lightweight device configuration: simple devices, e.g. no IMS client, such as electric meter
Variable data size: e.g. video recorder installed at street corner
Farm machinery and leasing: autonomous driving machines
Smart wearables: low complexity, high battery life, high reliability, some high data rates
Sensor networks: smart services in urban, suburban and rural areas, very low, low rate
Asset tracking: life stock, pets, kids

7. Evolution path of cellular IoT
4G LTE based IoT
Rel 12
Cat 0 (MTC)
Rel 13
Cat M1 (eMTC), Cat NB1 (NB-IoT)
Rel 14
FeMTC
eNB-IoT
Rel 15
Further enhancements
5G NR based IoT
Rel 15 and beyond
mMTC
Evolution path of cellular IoT
Two parallel evolution paths
4G LTE based IoT focusing on:
Backward compatible design with LTE, eMTC, NB-IoT, including current deployment
Mainly target 200 kHz and 1.4 MHz
Possible unlicensed IoT-U
5G NR based IoT (mMTC) focusing on:
Forward compatible design with 5G eMBB, URLLC
Clean slate design with new design requirements
Mainly target 1 MHz and above

8. Requirements and Key KPI for mMTC
Coverage at 164 dB MCL
160 bps: observed at egress/ingress point of the radio protocol stack
Latency:
No worse than 10s on UL for a 20 byte application packet or 105 bytes PHY layer
Battery:
10-15 years: 200 bytes per day on UL followed by 20 bytes DL, 5 Wh battery, MCL of 164 dB
Density:
device/km^2 in urban environment
Compatibility with NR eMBB/URLLC
1 packet/2.4 hour, 0.8 m users in a cell with ISD=1.7 km, 100 packet per second, byte, 30 kbps for UL load, over 1 MHz bandwidth. What is the serving vs. neighbor cell difference?

9. Standard Summary for LTE MTC/eMTC/NB-IOT

10. Low-power wake-up receiver
PMIC
Low-power wake-up receiver
Wake-up receiver operates while main receiver in deep sleep mode
Thin downlink control channel to simplify processing at wake-up receiver

11. Non-orthogonal multiple access
Grant-free transmission of small data exchanges
Eliminates signaling overhead for assigning dedicated resources
Allows devices to transmit data asynchronously
Capable of supporting full mobility
Downlink remains OFDM-based for coexistence with other services
Spread user signal across time and/or frequency resources:
Use lower rate channel coding to spread signal across time/frequency to achieve lower spectral efficiency
Users’ signals can be recovered simultaneously even in the presence of mutual interference
Increased battery life
Scalability to high device density
Better link budget

12. Support for multi-hop mesh with WAN management
Direct access on licensed spectrum
Mesh on unlicensed or partitioned with uplink licensed spectrum1
Problem: uplink coverage Due to low power devices and challenging placements, e.g. in basement
Solution: managed uplink mesh Uplink data relayed via nearby devices—uplink mesh but direct downlink.
1 Greater range and efficiency when using licensed spectrum, e.g. protected reference signals . Network time synchronization improves peer-to-peer efficiency
Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

13. Cellular V2X – a critical sensor for safer driving
Communicating intent and sensor data even in challenging real world conditions
Non line-of-sight all conditions sensing
Conveying intent
Increased situational awareness
Provides 360˚ NLOS awareness
Communicates intent and share sensor data to provide higher level of predictability
Offers increased electronic horizon to enable soft safety alerts and reliable graduated warning
E.g. intersections/on-ramps, environmental conditions
(rain/fog/snow)
Road hazard
Reduced speed ahead
Sudden lane change
Queue warning/shockwave damping
5G will provide a unifying connectivity fabric for the autonomous vehicle of the future
Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V)
e.g. collision avoidance safety systems
Vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P)
e.g. safety alerts to pedestrians, bicyclists
Vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I)
e.g. traffic light optimal speed advisory
Vehicle-to-network (V2N)
e.g. real-time traffic / routing, cloud services
Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

14. C-V2X started with R-14; Evolving to support autonomy
Both p and C-V2X Rel-14 available in 2017, designed to operate in ITS 5.9GHz
2017
2018
2019
802.11p offer basic V2X services
802.11p currently does not have an evolution path
Support autonomy
C-V2X R16 NR (backward compatible with R14/15)
Higher throughput
Higher reliability
Wideband ranging and positioning
Lower latency
Safety
802.11p/C-V2X R14 (LTE)
Further Safety Enh.
C-V2X R15 (LTE)
Several advantages compared to p 
Higher throughput
Lower latency  
Disabled vehicle
Sensor sharing simplifying perception
Bird’s eye view / HD map updates
Forward collision warning
Disabled vehicle after blind curve
Cooperative ranging/positioning
Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.