1. Live Volumetric Imaging (LVI)® Intracardiac Ultrasound Catheter
David E. Dausch, PhD
Senior Research Engineer
Cardiovascular Innovations
February 26, 2013
Copyright © 2013 RTI. All rights reserved.

2. I/we have no real or apparent conflicts of interest to report.
David E. Dausch, PhD
I/we have no real or apparent conflicts of interest to report.

3. Acknowledgements RTI International (Research Triangle Park, NC)
Kristin Gilchrist, PhD, Research Scientist
Jim Carlson, Senior Research Engineer
Steve Hall, Process Engineer
Duke University (Durham, NC)
Olaf von Ramm, PhD, Thomas Lord Professor Biomedical Engineering
John Castellucci, Senior Research Engineer

4. Live Volumetric Imaging (LVI) Technology
Breakthrough ultrasound transducer platform enabling the first intracardiac catheter capable of true real-time 3D echo
Full volume sector
High volume frame rate
Good resolution
Deep penetration depth
Volume echo image of
porcine right ventricle
Tricuspid valve RV
Septum
Imaging produced by Duke University

5. Animated illustration

6. Breakthrough Transducer Technology
Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasound Transducer (pMUT)
Real-time 3D imaging  Matrix array transducers
Better transducer performance  MEMS flexural membrane elements
Efficient manufacturing  Semiconductor batch processing
signal cable
pMUT array

7. LVI Performance Matching User Needs
Technology
LVI ICE
Mechanical 4D ICE1
3D TEE2
Volume sector
60° x 60°
(up to 80° x 80°)
60° x 90°
(up to 90° x 90°)
Scan depth
8-10 cm
6 cm
>10 cm
Frame rate
25-30 vol/s
6 vol/s
7-10 vol/s
Resolution
1 mm
(40 mm depth)
good
Transducer cost $ $$
$$$
Key: Best
Sufficient
Poor
1 Lee et al. (2010) Proc. IEEE IUS: 833
2 Faletra et al. (2012) Circ. J. 76:5

8. Demonstrated In vivo Intracardiac Imaging
LVI prototypes fabricated
Matrix phased array, 5 MHz
256 to 512 elements
Side-looking
Integrated signal cabling
14F diameter
90 cm working length
Bi-directional steering
Animal studies conducted
Porcine model
Femoral vein access to right atrium
Laboratory 3D ultrasound scanner
Duke biomedical engineering
LVI cath

9. Real-time Right Heart Visualization
B-mode TV
60ox60o Volume
10 cm depth
26 vol/s RA RV S
Orthogonal
B-modes
Imaging produced by Duke University

10. Expected Benefits of LVI
Real-time 3D views
Spatial relationships, structural dynamics, en face views
Depth perception and continuous views of targets
No mental reconstruction or geometric assumptions
ICE modality
Targets viewed in near field with better resolution
Imaging catheter in control of interventionalist
Reduced fluoroscopic radiation dose
Overcome disadvantages of TEE
Limited views (probe maneuverability, anterior depth)
Targets in far field (reduced resolution)
Volume size, frame rate tradeoff
Volume averaging, stitch artifacts
General anesthesia and intubation

11. LVI … The Future of ICE? Revolutionary Ultrasound Transducer Platform
Real-time 3D imaging  Matrix array transducers
Better transducer performance  Smaller element size
Efficient manufacturing  Semiconductor MEMS processing
Miniaturization  Catheter packaging
Real-time 3D Intracardiac Echo
Full volume
Deep penetration
High volume frame rate
Good resolution
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