1. Radioactive Waste Management Infrastructure in Egypt:
Experience & Capabilities
Prof. Ahmed El-Kamash
Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority

2. Nuclear Authorities In Egypt

3. Waste Management System in Egypt
Justification
Minimization
Segregation
Owner (Generator)
Regulator
RWM
Operator
Regulation
Licenses
Inspection
Transportation
Treatment
Conditioning & Disposal

4. Treatment, Conditioning Storage Disposal
Hot Laboratories and Waste Management Center
Radioisotope Production
Nuclear Fuel
Research
Radioactive Waste Management
Treatment, Conditioning Storage
Disposal

5. Radioactive Waste Generation in Egypt
Inshas Nuclear Complex
2MW Research Reactor
22 MW Research Reactor
Nuclear chemistry department
Radioisotope production lab.
Activation analysis
Nuclear fuel production lab.
Nuclear metallurgy lab.
Decontamination activities
Other External Generators
Medical uses: Hospital, medical lab.
Research uses: Research institute, universities
Industrial uses: Petroleum, inspection , etc.

6. Waste Management Division
Studying waste composition
Treatment
Immobilization in cement, ceramic material
Site-characteristics
P.A. &S.A
Transport to HLWMC site.
Treatment of solid & liquid wastes
Conditioning
Storage
Near surface disposal 7
R &D
Practice
Waste Management Division

7. Treatment facilities

8. Low Active Waste Incinerator
Treatment facilities
Low Active Waste Incinerator

9. Solid Waste Minimization
Treatment facilities
Solid Waste Minimization

10. Conditioning facility
Waste conditioning

11. Interim Storage

12. New storage

13. One of the FOUR Disposal Trenches

14. The Drainage Well for the Four Trenches

15. Waste from NPP
Radioactive waste generated from NPP can be divided into
power reactor wastes, and
fuel cycle facility wastes,
Power reactors are responsible for the largest volume of LLW.
Fuel cycle plants, such as fuel enrichment plants and fuel fabrication plants, produce small volumes of LLW relative to power reactors.

16. Power Reactor Wastes The majority of power reactor wastes :
Liquid radioactive wastes,
Wet solids (including slurries),
Dry active solid wastes (DAW),
Liquid organic wastes, and
Thermal waste.

17. Power Reactor Wastes

18. Power Reactor Wastes 1) Liquid Radioactive Wastes
Liquid radioactive wastes are produced from recycled reactor core fluids, hydraulic fluid from equipment repairs, housekeeping activities, and laundering.
These wastes are treated to remove the maximum amount of radioactive contamination.
Treated liquids are then typically recycled or discharged to the environment under the control of the plant operating license and national regulations.

19. Power Reactor Wastes 2) Wet solids
Radioactive wet solid wastes consist of solid wastes containing greater than 5% liquid. Most radioactive wet solid wastes are produced from cleaning aqueous processing systems at power reactors.
Spent Ion-Exchange Resins
Filter Sludge
Cartridge Filters

20. Power Reactor Wastes 3) Dry active solid wastes
Cloth (rags, mops, gloves)
Contaminated dirt
Contaminated tools and equipment, Filters
Glass
High density concrete block
Miscellaneous metal, Aerosol cans, Buckets, Crushed drums, Fittings, Pipes and Valves
Miscellaneous wood
Plastic
Bags, gloves, shoe covers, Sample bottles
Rubber,
Sweeping Compounds
Irradiated metal alloys
Flux wires, Flow channels, Fuel channels, In-core instrumentation, Poison channels, Shim rods.

21. Power Reactor Wastes 4) Liquid organic wastes
liquid organic wastes includes pump oil, lubricating oils, organic resins, liquid scintillation counting solutions, and decontamination solutions containing organic chelating agents.
Liquid organic waste volumes are very small when compared to the total generated volume of LLW

22. Power Reactor Wastes 5) Thermal waste
This waste is common both to conventional and nuclear plants.
The quantity of thermal waste proportional to the size of the plant.
In a NPP with a PWR operates at a thermal power of 1000 MW must dispose of approximately 2.4 million Btu/s. If this quantity of heat were released into a river having a flow rate of 1000 cubic ft/s, the entire river temperature would rise by 33 degrees Fahrenheit.

23. Fuel Cycle Wastes Fuel cycle facility wastes include
Calcium fluoride generated from hydrogen fluoride gas scrubbers,
Filter sludge,
Contaminated equipment, and
Trash.