1. SITE AERIAL/SCISSOR LIFT TRAINING

2. SITE AERIAL LIFT TRAINING
About 26 construction workers die each year from using aerial lifts.
More than half of the deaths involve boom-supported lifts, such as bucket trucks and cherry pickers. Most others involve scissor lifts.
Electrocutions, falls, and tip-overs cause most of the deaths.

3. Other Causes of Injuries
Include being caught between the lift bucket or guardrail and object (such as steel beams or joists) and being struck by falling objects.
A worker can also be catapulted out of a bucket, if the boom or bucket is struck by something.

4. This can lead to a fatality

5. Fastest way off this site

6. Course Objectives
During the next few hours you will be guided through:
Regulations and where they come from
Pre-shift Inspections – Job site Inspections
Types of Aerial Lifts
Stability and Capacity
Written Test.
Practical (hands 0n).
(Time and Weather Permitting)

7. Regulations
Regulations are rules that are mandated by law. Like all laws, regulations must be followed at all times without exception.
If they are not followed, serious consequences may result.

8. Industrial Standards
OSHA refers to the following industry standards in relation to aerial lifts:
The American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
The Scaffold Industry Association (SIA)
Applicable Standards are:
ANSI/SIA- A92.5: Boom Supported Elevating Work Platforms
ANSI/SIA- A92.6: Self Propelled Elevating Work Platforms

9. Company/Employer Policy
A company policy is a rule developed, implemented and enforced by the company.
Company policy is very specific to the worksite and is usually designed to address a situation for which no federal or state regulations exist.
A company policy cannot cancel out any regulations, and regulatory authorities expect employers to enforce company policy.

10. Manufacturer’s Instructions
The wording in regulations and industry standards contains many references to operating and maintenance instructions supplied by the manufacturers.
As an operator, the importance of becoming familiar with the location and contents of your equipment manufacturer’s operating manual is vital!

11. Information Box

12. THE RULES Regulations Federal (OSHA) State (Where Applicable)
Standards
Manufacturer’s Instructions/ Recommendations
Site-Specific Policies & Procedures
ANSI
SIA

13. Specific Rules and Responsibilities
Be authorized to operate the equipment
Know your unit
Inspect your aerial lift
Inspect your job site
Operate safely
Operators are responsible for the safety of everyone working on the platform. Ensure everyone is properly tied off and body parts are inside the basket.

14. Question? What are regulations?
Voluntary safety guidelines developed and enforced by industry representatives
Company policies implemented by business and industry
Mandatory safety and health laws administered and enforced by government agencies
Safety rules and instructions enforced by equipment manufacturers

15. Other Names Of Boomlifts/Scissorlifts
Boomlifts Man Lifts
Cherry Pickers Articulated Booms
Straight Mast Booms
Narrow Aisle Booms Slab Booms
Vertical Aerial Platforms
Vertical lifts

16. Types of Scissorlifts Narrow Aisle Scissorlift Vertical Lift
Rough Terrain
Slab Type

17. Two Basic types of Aerial Lifts
1) Self-Propelled:
Aerial platforms (Scissor/Vertical lift)
The platform cannot be positioned completely beyond the base
Used to position personnel, their tools and material at work locations

18. Two Basic types of Aerial Lifts
2) Boom Supported:
A boom supported aerial work platform (Boomlift/JLG)
Has a platform that can be positioned completely beyond the base
Used to position personnel, their tools and material at work locations.

19. Types of Boomlifts Articulated Boomlifts:
Have gained in popularity over the last 10 years.
They easily handle narrow aisles and they can get up and over obstacles to place personnel and their tools in areas a straight mast can’t.
Capacities form 500 to 1000 lbs. Powered as the straight mast types by gas, gas/propane, diesel or electric DC motors.

20. Types of Boomlifts Straight Mast Booms:
Perhaps 75% of all Boomlifts that have been manufactured to date are of the straight mast type. Suitable for working outdoors and operating over rough ground.
The narrow width units are best when working in confined areas such as congested warehouses or performing refinery pipeline maintenance.
They have a load capacity of 500 to 1000 lbs. and can be powered by Gas, Propane, gas/propane or diesel. Every once in a while you may come across a unit powered by electric motors, these are designed for special applications.

21. Required Components A manufacturer’s operating manual.
Manual of Responsibilities
Operational Ground Controls
Emergency Stop Controls
Slope Warning Device
Max Load Capacity on Platform
Certificate of Annual Inspection
Manufacturer’s Anchor Points
Operational Controls (“hold to run” type)
An Auxiliary/Manual Lowering System (Power Loss)

22. Platform Section Scissorlift
Tie-Off Rings
Upper Control Station
Guardrail
Midrail
Toeboards
Access Opening

23. Scissor Lifts Scissor Arms Upper Controls Platform & Rails
Lift Cylinder
Steering Wheels
Drive Wheels
Motor
Lower Controls

24. Platform Controls (Scissor Lift)

25. Question ? What does Pothole Protection mean to you?
It is a device on scissor lifts that will lower when the platform reaches a certain height; it provides support to the unit if one of the tires loses contact with the working surface.

26. Pot Hole Protection
Pot Hole Protection

27. General Information on Scissor/Vertical lifts
Working Height 26’
Wheelbase Widths
One area of concern is with the unit’s wheelbase, It may be too wide in tight areas and you may have to take measurements of the area that you will be working.
Scissorlifts come in 30” to 10’ wheelbase widths, and have both a Platform and Working Height.
Platform Height 20’

28. Straight Mast Boomlift Parts
Platform Control Box
Platform
Boom Assembly
Foot Switch
Lift Cylinder
Ground Control
Swing Bearing
Turntable
Drive Wheels
Steering Wheels

29. Articulated Boomlift Main Boom Platform Control Upright
Main Lift Cylinder
Level Cylinder
Platform & Foot Switch
Rotator
Upright Level Cylinder
Tower Boom
Lower Lift Cylinder
Turntable
Ground Controls
Swing Bearing
Drive Wheel
Steering Wheel

30. Platform Controls (Boom Lift)

31. Question ?
What kind of boomlift is best utilized when working in narrow aisles and up & over racking systems?
Standard width Straight mast boomlift
Articulated up & over boomlift
Narrow width Straight mast boomlift

32. Question ?
Your about to begin operating a boomlift/Scissorlift with a 40’ maximum platform height…what is the unit’s maximum working height?
46’
34’
42’
48’

33. Inspections
Regulations require that several types of inspections be performed when operating aerial lifts. These inspections break down into the following classifications:
Frequent
Annual
Pre-start
Workplace

34. Inspections Frequent: In service for 3 months or 150 operating hours.
Out of service for a period longer than 3 months
Purchased used, unless documentation of current inspections is available
This inspection must be performed by a person who is qualified as a mechanic on the specific make and model of aerial lift.

35. Annual
Must occur annually by a person who is qualified as a mechanic on the specific make and model of aerial lift.
Significantly more in depth than a frequent inspection and involves testing more critical components required by the manufacturer.

36. Pre-Start / Pre-Use
You must perform a pre-start inspection of your aerial lift at the following times:
At the start of the shift
Before use each day
Includes checking for:
Obvious visible damage
Loose, Missing, broken, and damaged parts
Proper operation of all powered systems
Leaks of any kind
The manufacturer’s operating and maintenance manuals.
The appropriate ANSI/SIA manual of Responsibilities
Other items related to the integrity and safe operation of the unit
Remember: Most users are not mechanics so they must look for the obvious

37. Check Pans for signs of Leaks
Internal Components
Check Pans for signs of Leaks
Hydraulic System
Fuel Tank

38. Inspections
Make sure that the aerial lift is in an area that is safe and appropriate for conducting a pre-use inspection.
Remember, if you uncover anything during your inspection that you believe presents a significant risk of injury, lock out and tag the unit as unusable and report your findings to your supervisor or employee representative.

39. Workplace Inspection
Along with the pre-use inspection you are also required to conduct a workplace inspection of the area in which you intend to use the equipment.
Inspect your area for:
Drop-offs or holes
Bumps and floor/ground obstructions
Debris
Overhead obstructions/energized power lines
Hazardous locations
Ground surfaces and support conditions
Pedestrian/vehicle traffic
Wind and weather conditions

40. Questions ?
Who is responsible for conducting the pre-use and worksite inspections?
The crew
The Foreman
The Operator
The Qualified Mechanic

41. Pre-Operational Inspection Form and Boom/Scissorlift Components
The instructor will review the inspection sheet during the practical portion of the course.
On the following slides we will find the main parts of the Boom/Scissorlift, their locations and purposes. They are the BASE SECTION, ELEVATING SECTION, AND PLATFORM SECTION.

42. The Base Section
The base section will have the Drive Wheels & Axle, Counterweight System, Steering Wheel & Axle, Lower Controls, Tires & Wheels, Turret Turntable, and turntable lock-pin.

43. Drive Wheels & Axle
In order to obtain the best possible traction when traveling over rough ground, the boomlift platform should be over the drive wheels and axle.
This is due to the leverage forces on the drive wheels by the boomlift platform plus the weight of the workmen and their tools and materials.
Steering Wheels
Drive Wheels
For maximum traction keep the platform over drive wheels

44. Tires
Tires are available with different types of tread design and fill agent.
Traction Tread- characterized by a deep, directional tread for rough terrain applications.
Farm Implement- designed to ride on top of typical surfaces found in the agricultural industry.
Slab application/Solid- Designed for use on hard, flat surfaces available in white/grey “non-marking” varieties

45. Fill Agents Pneumatic Nitrogen Liquid-filled
Filled with compressed air that must be maintained at a specific pressure recommended by the manufacturer
Nitrogen
Will not react with other elements and therefore will not contribute to oxidation (rusting) or support combustion (fire). They also last longer and maintain their pressure longer than regular pneumatics.
Liquid-filled
Commonly referred to as ballast or hydrofill, these tires are filled with a liquid compound (calcium chloride and water). This compound weighs approximately 3.5 times more than water and will not freeze in low temps.
Calcium chloride is a hazardous material that presents a bodily and environmental hazards. Handling tires w/ CaCL must be conducted by trained and qualified personnel.

46. Fill Agents
Foam-Filled
These are tires that are filled with a foamy, liquid compound that once added, solidifies over one to three days. This foam is available in various weights and densities.
Urethane-Filled
Other solid tires are filled with urethane, a derivative of rubber.
Foam and Urethane filled tires will not go flat when punctured, which is a significant design advantage over air and liquid-filled types.

47. What’s This?

48. Do’s And Don’ts Of Boomlift And Scissorlift Operation
Do limit travel speed according to conditions of ground surface, congestion of worksite, visibility, slope, grade, location of personnel, or any other factors causing hazards of collision or injury to personnel.
Do maintain a clear view of the path of travel when elevated.

49. Do’s And Don’ts Of Boomlift Operation
Do maintain a safe distance from obstacles, debris, drop-offs, holes, depressions, ramps, and other possible hazards when elevated.
Don’t stunt drive or horseplay.
Do shut down the boomlift/Scissorlift if any malfunction is suspected, report the malfunction immediately and lockout the boomlift.
Don’t use planks, ladders or other devices on the boomlift platform in order to achieve any additional height or reach.

50. Scissorlift Operating Procedure
Do not travel on a grade with the platform in an elevated position.

51. Energized Power Lines and Parts
It is mandatory that the operator of the Boomlift/Scissorlift ensures that the minimum safe approach distances (M.S.A.D.) to energized power lines and parts is maintained during the entire operation of the boomlift.
Operators must assume all electrical parts and wiring are ENERGIZED unless proven otherwise.

52. Energized Power Lines and Parts
VOLTAGE RANGE MINIMUM SAFE APPROACH DISTANCE
Phase to Phase (Feet) (Meters)
0 to 300V AVOID CONTACT
Over 300V to 50 KV
Over 50KV to 200KV
Over 200KV to 350KV
Over 350KV to 500KV
Over 500KV to 750KV
Over 750KV to 1000KV

53. Question ?
Which of the following devices may be used to achieve greater “reach” when the scissor/boomlift is fully extended?
OSHA approved Ladder
OSHA approved scaffold planks
OSHA approved bucket
Nothing can be used

54. Turret Turntable
Is the structural platform that supports the elevating section and the platform section.
It is connected to the base section by it’s rotary manifold and gears.

55. Elevating Section The Lift Cylinders
The Mast Section usually contains two or three different sections that fit one into the other.

56. Counterweight System
Consists of the Counterweight itself, the Turntable assembly for (boomlift) which includes components of the motor and hydraulic systems, the structural components which make up the base frame, plus tires and wheels.

57. Lower (Emergency) Controls
Shall be readily accessible from the ground, are usually located on the turntable (boomlift). The position and identity of the controls will be clearly marked on the boomlift/scissorlift itself for easy location and use. The Lower Controls can override the upper controls. Only trained and authorized personnel can operate the Boom/Scissorlift controls.

58. Lower Controls

59. Important Note
The lower controls should only be used during the following conditions:
During pre-shift checkout functions of lower controls.
To override the upper controls to gain access to the boomlift operator in the event of an emergency.
Only after you have been given permission to operate a boomlift function by the boomlift operator.
By a qualified mechanic during repairs or performing maintenance of the boomlift.

60. Platform Boomlift
Guardrails must be able to withstand 300lbs of weight applied in a downward position; mid-rail should be mid way between platform and top rail.

61. Platform Safety Always know the weight of your load.
Never try to lift or load the platform in excess of the capacity indicated on the platform
Stay within the boomlift operating limits.
Foot control for boomlifts must operate free and not stick or bind.

62. Stability and Capacity Characteristics
The capabilities and limitations of your aerial lift in relation to stability and capacity are easy to remain within when you understand how the factors involved affect the operation of the unit.
These factors are:
Leverage
Center of Gravity
Motion
Unit Configuration

63. Fulcrum Point Point of balance Level Surface Fulcrum Point
Machine will upset in this direction if overloaded or on un-level surface
Platform can rotate 90 degrees
Main boom fully retracted and level
Level Surface
Fulcrum Point

64. Fulcrum Point Straight Mast Boom Boom Fully extended
Horizontal (0 degrees)
Machine will upset in this direction if overloaded or on out-of-level surface
Fulcrum Point

65. Fulcrum Point Articulated Boom
Machine will upset in this direction if operated on an out-of-level surface or if the tower boom upright is placed beyond this position
Main Boom Fully Retracted
Upright
Level Surface
Fulcrum Point

66. Center of Gravity
The Center of Gravity of an object is the point at which all forces of gravity are equal.
To relate this to an aerial lift, the CG of the unit and CG of the load placed in the platform join to form a combined center of gravity.
The point at which the combined center of gravity is located is always shifting as the platform is operating in or out, up or down, forwards or backwards, and rotating left or rotating right.
Center of Gravity Boomlift counterweight System
Combined Center of Gravity
Center of Gravity of Load

67. Motion
When you put your aerial lift into motion, certain dynamic forces act on the CG as the unit’s weight distribution shifts. In fact, if you think of the CG as representing the weight of the unit, it must remain within the area between the wheels in order for the unit to remain upright. If for any reason the CG is forced outside this defined area, the machine will tip over.

68. What affects the CG? Actions such as: Stopping Turning Moving Forward
Reversing
* All act on the CG and affect stability. The more sudden , severe or abrupt the action is, the more adverse an effect it will have on stability.

69. Slope Warning System
A system that activates an audible and/or visual alarm whenever the base goes off level by more than five degrees or a lesser amount specified by the manufacturer.

70. Scissorlift Extension Deck
Deck extension provide the operator greater reach capability and the operator should be aware that the deck has a restricted load capacity rating.
If the scissorlift is fully extended, and the operator cannot reach the work location, he will have to use a lift with greater reach or a Boomlift. No planks or ladders can be used in the platform.
Deck Extension

71. Load Charts

72. DATA PLATE

73. Sideslopes & Grade
Boom/Scissorlifts are generally intended to be used on a flat level surface.
When traveling over a long distance it is advisable to lock the turntable (if it equipped with one).
Keep the boom mast retracted and keep the operator platform at or below the horizontal position with the ground.
The boom/scissorlift should not be driven on grades or sideslopes exceeding those specified on caution placards or indicated on Operations Manual.

74. Information on Different Fuels Propane (LPG) and Batteries
Typical fuels used to power boomlifts are gasoline and diesel.
Additional sources that have become increasingly popular are Propane and Battery.
DISCUSS:
What advantages do propane and battery power offer that gasoline and diesel do not??

75. Common Sense Safety Practices When Working With Fuels
Never fill the fuel tank of a boomlift with the engine running.
Never smoke or have the boomlift near an open flame when filling the fuel tank.
If fuel is spilled, Clean it up immediately and report it to Safety. A COP Environmental Spill form may need to be generated.
Never mistakenly put fuel into the hydraulic tank.

76. Propane
Unlike other fuels, propane is a gas stored under pressure in a liquid form. This pressure works to our advantage. For instance, a fuel pump is not needed to move propane to the engine. In the event the fuel system develops a leak, a flame or spark could ignite a leak, if that happens, a fire or an explosion could result.

77. Changing/Charging/Adding a Fuel Source
In some areas the handling of certain fuels may require specific training and certification beyond the scope of this training program.
Safe fueling generally comes down to observing three things:
1. Make sure the unit is shutdown and secure.
2. Make sure your wearing the required PPE.
3. Make sure your familiar with the manufacturers instructions regarding safe fueling procedures, including the type and grade of fuel used and the location of the fuel filler spout.
* Working with batteries requires a higher level of PPE.

78. Batteries Chemicals Lead Antimony Lead Peroxide Sulfuric Acid
Hydrogen vapor is produced during the charging process; for this reason, there must be adequate ventilation in the battery charging area. If the operator has come into contact with battery acid, He/she must rinse the area immediately and report to the clinic.
ALWAYS REFER TO THE OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL TO VERIFY THE LOCATION OF THE CHARGER UNIT AND THE PROPER RECHARGING PROCEDURES FOR YOUR AERIAL LIFT WORK PLATFORM

79. Parking and Shutdown
Whenever possible, park the unit on firm, level ground.
Retract and lower all boom/platform sections.
Shutdown the main power source (engine/battery)
Remove key(s).
Lock all access panels/filler caps.
Chock the wheels if the unit is left on a grade.
Switch main power source selector to off position and lock