1. Tools and Equipment Used in Landscaping

2. Hand Tools Are just as important as power tools
Should be used for their designed purposes
Buy good quality hand tools

3. Hand Tools

4. Shovels, Spades & Scoops
Versatile tools used for digging & scooping
Shovels have long handles & are round- or square-pointed
Spades have longer blades
Scoops are flat with high sides

5. Shovels, Spades & Scoops

6. Hoes Garden hoe: Only the bottom edge of the blade is sharpened
Weeding hoe: Has two sharp prongs on top of the blade

7. Hoes (cont’d.)
Grubbing hoe: Has two narrow, sharpened, flat ends

8. Forks Pitchfork: Used to move coarse, lightweight materials
Spading Fork: Effective in breaking up soil clods
Pitchfork: Used to move coarse, lightweight materials

9. Rakes Lawn rake: Used for clippings, leaves, & other light debris
Metal bow rake: Used for heavy duty raking

10. Pruners
Anvil pruner: Top blade is sharp & cuts against an anvil-shaped bottom blade
Bypass pruner: Cuts in a scissor-like manner with two cutting blades

11. Shears
Lopping shears: Used to prune larger limbs, has 2 smaller blades with long handles
Hedge shears: Used to prune & shape hedges; has 2 scissor-like blades

12. Knives Multi-purpose knife: Has a smooth but sharp cutting edge
Pruning knife: Have a curved blade, used to remove small stems

13. Pruning Saws Bow saw: Prunes medium-sized branches
Curved blade saw: Prunes large branches

14. Pole Pruner
Used to remove tree branches that cannot safely be reached from the ground
Operator pulls on a rope to cut
Video

15. Seed/Fertilizer Spreaders
Three types:
Hand Crank Spreaders
Broadcast Spreaders
Drop Spreaders

16. Hand Crank Spreaders Used for small areas
The hopper contains seed or fertilizer that is broadcast by turning the hand crank
Video

17. Broadcast Spreaders
Have wheel-driven gears that turn a propeller to spread seed or fertilizer

18. Drop Spreaders Have wheel-driven gears
One wheel drives the roller than pushes the seeds or fertilizers through the hopper’s bottom
Video

19. Sprayers Used to apply pesticides & fertilizer solutions
Hand held sprayers use compressed air to spray solutions

20. Carts & Wheelbarrows
Lawn/Utility Carts are ideal carriers for equipment & materials
Wheelbarrows carry soil, mulch, or rocks

21. Specialty Tools
Grass shears: Used to trip grass in areas inaccessible to a mower
Weed cutter: Cuts weeds & grasses in uncultivated areas

22. Specialty Tools (cont’d.)
Trowel: Used to dig & mix soil & plant bulbs
Weeder: Cuts roots of weeds below the soil surface
Cultivator: Has 3-4 tines used to break up hard soil around plants

23. Other Shop Tools
Chisels
Files
Hammers
Pliers
Screwdrivers
Wrenches

24. Maintaining & Storing Hand Tools
Clean tools to remove soil & other debris
Check tools for bent or dull blades
Check tools for broken handles
Replace broken equipment
Store tools indoors

25. Small Power Tools Essential to increase work efficiency
Two categories:
Electric Motor Powered Tools
Gasoline Engine Powered Tools

26. Electric Motor Powered Tools
Power is supplied by an electric current
Two types:
Direct-drive powered
Pulley-drive powered

27. Direct-drive Powered Power is applied directly to the power head
Example:
Hedge shears

28. Pulley-drive Powered
Power is applied directly to a drive pulley which is connected to the power head by a belt or chain
Examples:
Edgers
Mower decks

29. Gasoline Engine Powered Tools
Power is supplied by an internal combustion engine
Two types:
2-cycle engines
4-cycle engines
Video

30. 2-Cycle Engines
The intake, compression, power, & exhaust cycles are completed in two strokes
Equipment examples:
Trimmer/Weeder
Leaf Blower
Chain Saw
Two Stroke Animation

31. 4-Cycle Engines
Completes intake, compression, power, & exhaust cycles in four strokes
Equipment examples:
Lawn mowers
Rototiller
Grass edger
Aerators
Four Stroke Animation

32. Before Using Power Equipment:
Inspect the equipment to see if it is mechanically safe to start
Check the area in which the tool will be used for hazards
Review steps to starting, using & stopping equipment
Warn others around when you are about to begin work

33. Maintaining & Storing Small Power Tools
Use basic maintenance & storage procedures
See operation manual for each type of equipment

34. Maintaining & Storing Small Power Tools (cont’d.)
Clean equipment of dirt & debris after each use
Clean off any moisture on the exterior of the equipment
Store in clean & dry cabinets
Do not wrap power cords around equipment

35. Large Power Equipment Greatly increase the efficiency of work
Examples:
Cutting Equipment
Soil Digging Equipment
Soil Moving Equipment
Tillage Equipment
Tractors
Transport Equipment

36. Cutting Equipment
Used to cut materials into small pieces & maintain grasses
Examples:
Grinders
Mowers
Shredders

37. Soil Digging Equipment
Examples:
Backhoes
Posthole Augers
Trenchers

38. Soil Moving Equipment
Dozers
Dump Trucks
Front-end loaders
Graders

39. Tillage Equipment
Used to prepare seedbeds, to aerate soils, & to free soil of weeds
Examples: Cultivator & Rototiller

40. Tractors Often used to operate other types of equipment Uses: Mowing
Towing
Tilling
Raking

41. Transport Equipment Used to move materials from one place to another
Examples:
Trucks
Forklifts
Trailers
Tree spades

42. Maintaining & Storing Large Power Equipment
Check equipment systems regularly to keep them in proper working order
Should be stored in a safe & protected manner to prevent injury & malfunctioning

43. References:
Biondo, Ronald J. and Charles B. Schroeder. Introduction to Landscaping Design, Construction, and Maintenance. (2003). Interstate Publishers, Inc.: Danville, IL.
Ingels, Jack E. Ornamental Horticulture: Principles & Practices. (1985). Delmar Publishers Inc.: Albany, New York.
Introduction to Ornamental Horticulture. (1986). Catalog No. 115B. Instructional Materials Service: College Station, Texas.
Ornamental Horticulture. (1982). Department of Vocational Agriculture and Renewable Natural Resources Education and Washington State Commission for Vocational Education: Olympia, Washington.
Richardson, William B. and Gary E. Moore. Working in Horticulture. (1980). McGraw-Hill, Inc., Dallas, Texas.