1. Hand and Portable Power Tools OSHE 112, Spring 2015

2. Review: Powered Industrial Truck
Definition and common names
Typical hazards and control
General safe operation rules
Importance of training
Heavy-duty vehicle operation basics

3. Tool Hazards Misuse or using damaged tools Ergonomic stress Vibration
Improper power tool grounding
Improper maintenance and storage

4. Regulations
OSHA 29 CFR 1910, Subpart P: Hand and Portable Powered Tools and Other Hand-Held Equipment
: Definitions.
: Hand and portable powered tools and equipment, general.
: Guarding of portable powered tools.
: Other portable tools and equipment.

5. Other Information Resources

6. General Safety Practices
Select the right tool for the job
Keep all tools in good working condition
Use the tool only for what it is designed to do
Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions when operating tools
Always wear the proper protective equipment when operating tools

7. Hand Tool Misuse and Improper Maintenance
The greatest hazards posed by hand tools
According to Accident Facts, hand tools are involved in 6 percent of all compensated work injuries.
Examples:
Using a screwdriver as a chisel
Using tools with loose handles
Wrenches with sprung jaws

8. Safety Rules for Specific Hand Tools
Screwdrivers: Probably the most commonly used and abused hand tools
Always ensure the screwdriver fits the head of the screw
Do not hold the work piece against the body while using the screwdriver
Do not use a screwdriver as a punch, chisel, pry bar or nail puller
Do not use a screwdriver to test the charge of a battery
Use blue handled screwdrivers when working on the electrical
Do not use a screwdriver to make a starting hole for screws

9. Hammers Use a claw hammer for pulling nails
Do not strike a hardened steel surface with a claw hammer
Do not strike one hammer against another hammer
Do not use a hammer as a wedge or pry-bar

10. Chisels Use only chisels that are sharp
Do not use chisels with a mushroom head
Use only hammers that are designed for use with chisels

11. Saws Do not carry the saw by the blade
Do not use a saw that has a dull saw blade
Keep control of the saw by releasing downward pressure at the end of each stroke

12. Wrenches
Do not use wrenches that are bent, cracked, or that have loose handles
A hammer may be used for striking “face wrenches” only
If at all possible use socket or box wrenches

13. Snips Wear safety glasses or goggles when using snips
Wear work gloves when cutting materials with snips
Do not use snip as a hammer, screwdriver, wrench or pry-bar
Use the correct types of snips for the job

14. Spark-Resistant Tools
Around flammable substances, sparks produced by iron and steel hand tools can be a dangerous ignition source. Where this hazard exists, spark-resistant tools made from brass, plastic, aluminum, or wood will provide for safety.

15. Spark-Resistant Tools
Preferred "non-sparking" metals have less tensile strength than steels usually used to make tools. A lower tensile strength means the metal has less strength or resistance to tearing apart when stretched under test conditions.
It also means that these tools are softer, wear down more quickly than ordinary steel tools, and have to be dressed more frequently.

16. Spark-Resistant Tools

17. General Safety Guidelines for Power Tools
Do not use power tools without training
Do not lift or carry power tools by their power cords
Keep power cords out of the paths of the power tools
Do not leave tools unattended

18. General Safety Guidelines for Power Tools
Do not stand in water or wet surfaces when running a power tool
Hold all power tools by the plastic hand grips or other nonconductive areas
Do not plug multiple electrical cords into a single outlet
Do not use power tools or extension cords with a missing prong
Ground all tools unless double insulated

19. General Safety Guidelines for Power Tools
Be aware of all power lines, electrical circuits and water pipes are not visible
Do not wear loose clothing, dangling objects or jewelry. Long hairs must be restrained.
All observers should be kept at a safe distance away from the work area.

20. Safety Rules for Specific Power Tools
Abrasive Wheel Tools
Powered abrasive grinding, cutting, polishing, and wire buffing wheels create special safety problems because they may throw off flying fragments.
Before an abrasive wheel is mounted, it should be inspected closely and sound- or ring-tested to be sure that it is free from cracks or defects.

21. Abrasive Wheel Tools
To test, wheels should be tapped gently with a light non-metallic instrument. If they sound cracked or dead, they could fly apart in operation and so must not be used. A sound and undamaged wheel will give a clear metallic tone or "ring."

22. Abrasive Wheel Tools
Portable grinding tools need to be equipped with safety guards to protect workers not only from the moving wheel surface, but also from flying fragments in case of breakage.
In addition, when using a powered grinder:
Always use eye protection.
Turn off the power when not in use.
Never clamp a hand-held grinder in a vise.

23. Circular Saws
Always wear safety goggles or safety glasses with side shields
Use a dust mask, especially when cutting treated woods
Wear hearing protection, especially during extended periods of operation

24. Circular Saws
Use sharp blades: dull blades cause binding, stalling and possible kickbacks
Use the correct blade for the job
Ensure the blade guard is in working order, never remove it or tie it back
Avoid cutting small pieces that can’t be properly secured or the saw shoe can’t properly rest

25. Portable Drills Be sure the chuck is securely tightened to the spindle
Tighten the bit securely and remove the chuck key
Always hold or brace the tool securely and use any auxiliary handles if provided
Don’t force a drill. Apply only enough pressure for the bit to do the cutting.

26. Miter Box Saws and Chop Saws
Because of the saw's downward cutting motion, stay alert to keeping hands and fingers away from the blade's path.
Be sure all guards are in place and working.
Use only recommended size and RPM rated blades.
When installing or changing a blade, be sure the blade and related washers and fasteners are correctly positioned and secured on the saw arbor.

27. Pneumatic Tools
Pneumatic tools are powered by compressed air and include chippers, drills, hammers, and sanders.
There are several dangers encountered in the use of pneumatic tools.
The main one is the danger of getting hit by one of the tool's attachments or by some kind of fastener the worker is using with the tool.
Eye protection is required and face protection is recommended for employees working with pneumatic tools.

28. Pneumatic Tools
Noise is another hazard. Working with noisy tools such as jackhammers requires proper, effective use of hearing protection.
When using pneumatic tools, employees must check to see that they are fastened securely to the hose to prevent them from becoming disconnected.
A short wire or positive locking device attaching the air hose to the tool will serve as an added safeguard.

29. Pneumatic Tools
A safety clip or retainer must be installed to prevent attachments, such as chisels on a chipping hammer, from being unintentionally shot from the barrel.
Screens must be set up to protect nearby workers from being struck by flying fragments around chippers, riveting guns, staplers, or air drills.
Compressed air guns should never be pointed toward anyone. Users should never "dead-end" it against themselves or anyone else.

30. Pneumatic Tools
The manufacturer's safe operating pressure for hoses, pipes, valves, filters, and other fittings shall not be exceeded.
The use of hoses for hoisting or lowering tools shall not be permitted.
All hoses exceeding 1/2-inch inside diameter shall have a safety device at the source of supply or branch line to reduce pressure in case of hose failure.

31. Portable Power Tools