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Assessment
Chapter 16
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by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers

2. by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers
Assessment
Whenever teaching or training occurs, it is important to assess performance and/or developmental level prior to formal instruction or remediation.
But, many professionals don’t know how to select and administer tests correctly.
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by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers

3. Reflecting on Assessment
How do you feel about tests and assessment, generally (whether it’s a chemistry final or a test of physical fitness)?
Do you experience test anxiety? If so, how do you overcome it?
If you were the person conducting the assessment, what are some ways you could help the individual being assessed?
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4. Questions to Ask Regarding Assessment
Why do you want to assess?
What variables do you plan to assess?
Which tests purport to assess the important variables that you have identified?
How will you prepare yourself for collecting the data?
Do you have the statistical skills to interpret the assessment data?
How, and with whom, will you share the assessment results?
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by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers

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More About Assessment
Reasons to assess:
Screening
Program content
Evaluating progress
Program evaluation
Classification
Selecting the best test:
Is it statistically valid, reliable, and objective?
Are norms established for a population similar to the one you plan to assess?
Is the test instrument feasible to administer?
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6. Characteristics of Ideal Tests
Valid, reliable, and objective
Measure what they claim to measure
Participants’ scores do not vary significantly
Content validity
Test reliability
Interrater reliability
Correlation coefficient
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Test Feasibility
Which test can be administered in the least amount of time?
Must you administer it individually, or can it be administered to groups?
Do you have the training and expertise to administer the test?
Do you have all of the necessary supplies and equipment?
Do you have the training and expertise to interpret the results?
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8. Preparing Participants— Reduce Anxiety by Considering . . .
Test environment
Physical needs
Psychological needs
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9. Interpreting Assessment Data—Measurement
Measures of central tendency
Measures of validity
Standard deviation
Normal curve
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Informal Assessment
An alternative for anxious individuals
Observations
Play-based assessment—for young children
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11. Types of Assessment Instruments
Norm-referenced instruments:
Easy to administer but not precise
Criterion-referenced instruments:
Provide more insight but can be complicated
Product-oriented assessment
Process-oriented assessment
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12. Selected Norm-Referenced Instruments
Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development III
Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency–2
Subtests for the
Bruininks-Oseretsky
Test of Motor Proficiency–2
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13. Selected Process-Oriented Assessment Instruments
Ohio State University Scale of Intra-Gross Motor Assessment (SIGMA)
Developmental Sequence of Motor Skills— Component Approach
Developmental Sequence of Motor Skills Inventory—Total Body Approach
Test of Gross Motor Development
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Sample Excerpt from the Summary of Fundamental Motor Skill Stage Characteristics—MSU Motor Performance Study: Total Body Approach
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15. Assessing Individuals with Disabilities
Many assessment instruments cannot be appropriately used with special populations (e.g., a child who uses a wheelchair).
Some assessment tools are appropriate:
Peabody Developmental Motor Scales–2 (PDMS–2)
Brigance Diagnostic Inventory of Early Development (BDIED)
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16. Assessment Categories from the BDIED
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17. Assessing Physical Fitness— Physical Fitness Batteries
FITNESSGRAM and ACTIVITYGRAM
Presidential Youth Fitness Program
Brockport Physical Fitness Test
President’s Challenge—Adult Fitness Test
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18. FITNESSGRAM Test Items
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19. Reflecting on The Adult Fitness Test
Do you consider yourself fit? Take the online adult fitness test.
How did you do? Was the test easy to take?
Would you recommend it? Can you see yourself helping others to take the same test (and the others described in the textbook)?
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20. Assessing Functional and Physical Fitness of Older Adults
Senior Fitness Test:
Chair stand
Arm curl
2-minute step test
Chair sit-and-reach
Up and go
Back scratch test
Short Physical Performance Battery
4-meter walk to measure speed and gait
Four standing static balances
Measure of the ability to get in and out of a chair
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by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers