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Destructive Meteorological Tsunamis in the World Oceans:

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1 Destructive Meteorological Tsunamis in the World Oceans: 2012-2017
Alexander Rabinovich1,2, Ivica Vilibić3, Jadranka Šepić3 1Institute of Ocean Sciences Sidney, BC, CANADA 2P.P.Shirshov Institute of Oceanology Moscow, Russia 3Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries Split, Croatia

2 Meteotsunamis in the World Ocean: 1995

3 Apparently much more common!
Tsunami sources (from existing catalogs) 82% SEISMIC 5% VOLCANIC 3% METEOROLOGICAL 6% LANDSLIDE - ROCKFALL Apparently much more common!

4 Tsunami and meteotsunami spectra Tsunami and meteotsunami records
Meteorological tsunamis are long oceanic waves that have approximately the same spatial and temporal scales as ordinary tsunamis, and can affect coastal regions in a similar destructive way, but are generated not by underwater earthquakes, volcanic explosions or landslides, but by atmospheric disturbances (hurricanes, frontal passages, squall lines, internal atmospheric waves or by jumps of atmospheric pressure) Tsunami and meteotsunami spectra Tsunami and meteotsunami records

5 Generation of long waves in the ocean
Wave amplitude Meteotsunami is a MULTIRESONANT phenomenon !!!

6 Derecho of June 2012 Derecho of 29 June 2012 produced all-time highest June or July wind gusts. Five million people lost power and 22 were killed. The derecho of June 2012 traveled approximately 700 miles in twelve hours, inflicting untold damage and hardship along a heavily populated corridor through the Midwest and Mid Atlantic states.

7 Meteotsunami in the Great Lakes and on the Atlantic coast of the USA generated by derecho of June 2012

8 Meteotsunami (“rissaga”) in Ciutadella Harbour, Spain
21 June 1984 LAST-97 Experiment Rabinovich and Monserrat (1996, 1998) Monserrat et al. (1998)

9 Meteotsunami („šćiga”) in Vela Luka, Croatia, on 21 June 1978
Wave heights were up to 6 m, typical period was about 20 min

10 The Dwarskersbos meteotsunami of 27 August 1967, South Africa
Tsunami run-up C = 18 m/s Maximum run-up ~ 2.9 m

11 Mediterranean and Black Sea multi-meteotsunamis of 23-27 June 2014
27/06/2014 25-26/06/2014 25/06/2014 22-23/06/2014 Ciutadella

12 Connection to atmospheric processes
Inflow of warm and dry air from Africa at heights of ~850 hPa (~1500 m) Strong SW jet stream (with wind speeds > 20 m/s) at heights of ~500 hPa (~5000 m) The presence of unstable atmospheric layers (at heights of hPa), characterized by a small Richardson number (Ri < 0.25)

13 Froude number (Fr) in various parts of the Mediterranean on June 23-27, 2014

14 Meteotsunami in Brazil Praya-do-Casino, February 9, 2014

15 Meteotsunami in the Gulf of Mexico
Panama City, Florida, March 28, 2014 Panama City, FL Sea level Panama City Beach, FL Wave height ~1.4 m Period ~10 min 28 29 Time (days)

16 Durban, South Africa 12 March 2017
Large tsunami-like waves hit Durban, RSA, creating severe damage of beach infrastructure

17 Destructive meteotsunamis in 2017
Durban, RSA: 12 March 2017 (2) Dayyer, Iran: 19 March 2017 (5 dead, 20 injured, $14.5 billion damage…) (3) The Netherlands: 29 May 2017 (2.5-m wave, severe damage) (4) Middle Adriatic, Croatia: 1 July 2017 (5) Caribbean Colombia: 19 July 2017

18 Meteotsunami in the World Ocean: 2017

19 Conclusions Recent destructive events indicate that meteotsunamis are much more common than it had been thought before. Two types of meteotsunamis are observed in various regions of the world oceans: “Harbour meteotsunamis” , associated with harbour resonance and local topographic amplifying features “Beach meteotsunamis”, associated with strong Proudman resonance and formation a bore

20 Thank you! Questions?


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