1. EL SISTEMA DE VERBOS EN INGLÉS
LOS VERBOS EN LOS TEXTOS CIENTÍFICOS

2. 25 verbos más usados en inglés
be come 21. seem
have 12. think 22. feel
do 13. look 23. try
say 14. want 24. leave
Get 15. give 25. call
make 16. use 26. become
go find 27. include
know 18. tell
take 19. ask
see 20. work

3. 20 verbos muy usados en inglés académico
analyse assess assume benefit create define derive distribute establish estimate function identify indicate interpret involve occur increase require research vary

4. Tipos Básicos de Verbos
Léxicos: denotan significado de acciones o estados
The inspectors assess teachers’ performance
Auxiliares: asisten al verbo léxico o principal
We are assessing the risks of the substance
Has the Commission assessed the plans from both the veterinary and the financial point of view?
The techniques do not assess the dynamic effects and possible reactions of the material.
Modales: acompañan al verbo léxico agregando significado, como posibilidad, necesidad, sugerencia
The person in charge should assess and monitor the process

5. Auxiliar «do / does / did»
Negativo
Nevertheless, that does not change the intergovernmental character of the procedure itself.
Interrogativo
Which cases do they refer and to whom or to where?
Énfasis
However, they do need thorough and careful analysis
She did try to leave the State party in the summer of 2003, but was refused permission
The book’s title does promise to include Central America …

6. Verbos conjugados y no conjugados
Infinitivos: to be, to work, to introduce
Participios: been, worked, introduced
Gerundios: being, working, introducing
Ejemplos:
Experiments allow studying the effects of phenomena.
The temperature increased.
Pierre Curie attempted to approach this concept.

8. Verbos transitivos e intransitivos
Transitivos: que requieren un objeto
The condition requires additional considerations.
The analysis estimated the cost of climate change.
We sent him the report.
Intransitivos: que no requieren objeto
Take one step at a time and read each section all the way through before you start.
The ceremony opens at ten.

9. Tiempo y Aspecto Tiempo: presente y pasado Aspecto:
continuo (indica duración) y
perfecto (indica la relación entre la acción pasada y el presente)

11. Simple
Presente:
The project does not consider the collective character of national genetic patrimony.
Pasado:
Several national governments considered that territorial cohesion is integrated with social cohesion.
Futuro:
The plan will consider if it is medically necessary to include the drug in the treatment.

12. Continuo
Presente
Primary products are decreasing due to the reduction of animal population.
Pasado
The study showed that tensions were not decreasing in spite of the efforts to maintain international peace and security.
Futuro
The harm to the Afghan people will be decreasing during the next decade due to the new measures.

13. Perfecto
Presente:
Recurrent technical issues have affected the service and its expansion to all official languages.
Pasado:
The current international economic crisis had affected the main sources of income of the country: vanilla, cloves and the tourism industry.
Futuro:
The measures which came into force in December 2013 will have affected the level of imports to24% by 2019.

14. Perfecto continuo Presente:
In oncology we have been studying ways to kill tumors for a long time.
Pasado:
The researcher had been studying soil salinity in Southern Mali for ten years and finished the study in 2011.
Futuro:
By 2019 the French research team will have been studying river basins around the world for 7 years.

15. Tiempos verbales en textos académicos
Presente simple:
Para referirse a lo que es y lo que no es
En el abstract
En el marco teórico
Pasado simple:
En la sección métodos y resultados
En la discusión y la conclusión
Presente perfecto:
En la sección antecedentes y estudios previos