1. ECOSOC Thematic Discussion on Multidimensional Poverty
Goal 1: End Poverty in All Its Forms Everywhere
ECOSOC Thematic Discussion
on Multidimensional Poverty
Bambang P. S. Brodjonegoro Minister of National Development Planning/
Head of National Development Planning Agency Republic of Indonesia

2. Poverty Rates, 2006-2016 based on PPP USD 1
Poverty Rates, based on PPP USD and the National Poverty Line
Poverty level in Indonesia shows a declining trend. The efforts of the Government of Indonesia to eradicate poverty are evident in the continuously declining poverty level in the last decade. The poverty level measured by Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) of USD 1.25 per capita/day (World Bank) was around 8.80% in 2015, a significant decrease from 28.32% in Using the national poverty line, 10.86% of population or 28 million inhabitants lived below the poverty line in 2016, compared to 17.75% in However, recent trend shows that the poverty reduction rate is flattened during the last 3 years, suggesting that harder work is needed in order to achieve the National Medium Term Development Plan (Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional/RPJMN) target of 7-8% poverty rate PPP with the same/flat limit of US$ 1.25 commencing from the period of National Poverty Line (GK) that is used in accordance with the annual GK development
Source: BPS-Statistics Indonesia, various years

3. Poverty Gap Index and Severity Index 2006-2016
Welfare level of the poor keeps improving. The Poverty Gap Index (P1) declined from 3.43 in 2006 to 1.94 in 2016, indicating that the gap between average expenditure of the poor andthe poverty line becomes narrower. Likewise, the Poverty Severity Index (P2) declined from 1.00 in 2006 to 0.53 in This indicates narrower distribution of expenditure imbalance among the poor
Source: BPS-Statistics Indonesia, various years

4. Poverty Rates in Rural and Urban Areas, 2009-2016
Poverty incidence is generally higher in rural areas than in urban areas. Indonesia experienced a rapid decrease of poverty rate in rural areas during the period of , but the rate than flattened during the period of The same trend also occurred in the urban areas during the same period
Source: BPS-Statistics Indonesia, various years

5. Multidimensional Poverty
Deprivation
Lack of Consumption
Social Cohesion
Education
Living Standards
Multidimensional Poverty
The BPS-Statistics Indonesia has constantly endeavored to refine the methodology and utilize various macro and micro data. This will assist the government to ascertain multidimensional poverty in order to improve poverty alleviation programs to be effective in identifying the roots causes of poverty, which are different in each region
Child poverty is an important issue for Indonesia’s poverty reduction strategy. Better understanding on the characteristics of child poverty will strengthen the government’s policy intervention in fulfilling the need of children. Although the Government has implemented various social protection programs in order to ensure the availability of basic services for all children, there are still many children from poor families who are facing obstacles in accessing basic services. Therefore, child welfare needs to be measured from various aspects of life in order to comprehend the complexity of the problems
Health
Access to Financial Assistance

6. Maternal Mortality Rates, 1996-2016
IDHS, 1997
IDHS, 2002
IDHS, 2007
IDHS, 2012
MDGs Target
Census, 2010
Inter-census 2015
Poverty level in Indonesia shows a declining trend. The efforts of the Government of Indonesia to eradicate poverty are evident in the continuously declining poverty level in the last decade. The poverty level measured by Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) of USD 1.25 per capita/day (World Bank) was around 8.80% in 2015, a significant decrease from 28.32% in Using the national poverty line, 10.86% of population or 28 million inhabitants lived below the poverty line in 2016, compared to 17.75% in However, recent trend shows that the poverty reduction rate is flattened during the last 3 years, suggesting that harder work is needed in order to achieve the National Medium Term Development Plan (Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional/RPJMN) target of 7-8% poverty rate PPP with the same/flat limit of US$ 1.25 commencing from the period of National Poverty Line (GK) that is used in accordance with the annual GK development
Source: Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS), Census, Inter-Census Survey, BPS-Statistics Indonesia, various years

7. Percentage of population aged 0-17 years who have a birth certificate (per quintile)
93,9 Q4
88,2 Q3
83,3 Q2
78,0
In 2016, the percentage of poor and vulnerable population aged 0-17 years (bottom 40% of population by income) who own birth certificate was lower than that of the highest 20% group. This shows that the coverage of birth certificate ownership by the poor and vulnerable population aged 0-17 years (bottom 40% of population by income) still needs to be continuously improved
An examples of special efforts to improve birth certificate ownership, particularly in underdeveloped regions are, among others, educational program, mobile court service, and the completion of regional regulatory framework. Q1
70,3
Source: Ministry of National Development Planning/Bappenas, estimated based Socio-economic Survey BPS-Statistics Indonesia (March 2016)

8. Access to Clean Water and Sanitation Facilities, Quality Urban Housing, and Electricity, 2015-2016
61.57
61.94
Access to Decent Sanitation
47.76
54.12
Access to Urban Housing
12.60
10.53
Access to clean water, particularly for the poor (bottom 40% of population by income) is continuously improved. Clean water is defined to include, among others, tap water, public tap water, rainwater reservoir, as well as artesian and pump wells. It does not include packed/bottled water and water from commercial vendor or tank. The proportion of poor and vulnerable groups that had obtained access to clean water was 61.94% in 2016, slightly increased from 61.57% in 2015.
Access to improved sanitation facilities for the poor and vulnerable groups also increased from 47.76% in 2015 to 54.12% in 2016 (see Statistical Annex Table 1). The Government has set a target of 100% provision of decent sanitation facilities by 2019.
Housing quality in urban areas is also continuously improved. As a result, the percentage of urban slum households at the bottom 40% of population by income (poor and vulnerable groups) has reduced from 12.60% in 2015 to 10.53% in 2016
Access of the community to electricity
the percentage of poor and vulnerable households (bottom 40% of population by income) with access to electricity has increased from 95.74% (2015) to 96.22% (2016) (see Statistical Annex Table 1). This increase will improve their life quality, for example in terms of creating the opportunity for children to study outside school hours, which will enhance education quality.
Access to Electricity
95.74
96.22
Source: BPS-Statistics Indonesia, 2015 and 2016

9. Membership of National Health Insurance
Trend of National Health Insurance Scheme Participation,

10. Challenges and Improvement Measures
Improving integrated data management
Refining poverty alleviation programs
Making the government budget effective for the acceleration of poverty reduction
Strengthening institutional frameworks for the coordination of poverty alleviation programs.
Empowerment

11. International Cooperation
Integrated data base for social protection,
Integrated social protection program,
Financial inclusion.

12. THANK YOU