1. WORD FORMATION
B. MONIKA NAIR

2. Different parts of speech like noun, verb, adjective and adverb are formed by the addition of a syllable mostly at the end of the a word The Process of adding syllables is called AFFIXING

3. Examples: healthy => un + healthy = unhealthy (un is the affix)
fear => fear + less = fearless  (less is the affix)

4. When the letter or group of letters is added to the beginning of a word, we call it a prefix.
Examples
unhappy
overconfident
ultraviolet
underdeveloped

5. When the letter or group of letters is added to the end of a word, we call it a suffix.
Examples: careful
secretly
greatness
teacher

6. Suffixes like -ant, -ator, -er, -ist, -or are added to form Personal nouns Protest - Protestant Terminate- Terminator Conduct- Conductor Teach- Teacher Education- Educationist

7. Suffixes like -ance, -ence, -ation, -ion, -ism, -ment, -sion, -tion, -ty, -age, -ency can be used to form Functional nouns Refer- reference Maintain- maintenance Invest-investment Tour-tourism Examine- examination Immerse-immersion Transparent-transparency Cultivate- cultivation Secure-security Bond-bondage

8. Adjectives are formed by adding suffixes like
able, -al, -ative, -ical, -ing, -ive, -ory, -tic
Reason-reasonable Collect-collective
Develop-developing Transit-transitory
Paralyze-paralytic Technology-technological
Preserve-preservative Environment-environmental

9. Adverbs are generally formed by the addition of -ally, -ly or -lly to most of the adjectives Comprehensible – Comprehensibly Communicative – Communicatively Developmental – Developmentally

10. Verb Noun Adjective
Apply application applicable
Extract _________ __________
_______ intense __________
_______ _________ operative
Require _________ __________
Produce _________ productive
_______ _________ motivated
Rely __________ __________

11. Antonyms of words can be formed by adding negative prefixes like a, an, anti, counter, de etc
Prefix Meaning Example
A without amoral
An without anarchy
Anti against antibiotic
Counter contrary counteract,
counterhistory

12. Prefix Meaning Example 5. De not debug 6. Dis not disarm 7
Prefix Meaning Example 5. De not debug 6. Dis not disarm 7. Il not illogical 8. Im not immodest 9. In not inability 10. Ir not irrelevant 11. Mis unfavourable misuse 12. Non not non interference 13. Un not unreal/ unlock

13. Find the antonyms for the following words
1. Approve Normal
3. Function 4. Forestation
5. Sufficient 6. Social
7. Generate 8. Reversible
9. Infect Handle
11. Balance Legible

14. Prefix that means:"before or prior" pre-               pre-empt, preschool Prefix that means: "after" post-              post-modern, posthumous,                       postscript, postwar, postpone

15. Prefix that means: "to repeat, do over" re- rewash, redo,remake,
Prefix that means: "to repeat, do over" re-                    rewash, redo,remake, recreate, review  

16. Prefix that means "two, or double" bi-                 bicycle, biannual,                       bilateral, bilingual, Prefix that means "three, four, five," tri -                            tricycle quad                        quadruple (four times) quin                          quintuplets (five)

17. Add suitable Prefix
Having a speed greater than that of sound- ____sonic
Not having the required quality- ___standard
Abnormal blood pressure- ____tension
Make someone unimportant- ___little
More than something- ___number
Division within- ____sect
Autonomous- ____governing
Last longer- ____long

18. 9. Endure without giving in- ____stand 10
9. Endure without giving in- ____stand 10. Store where everything is available- ___market 11. Take away human qualities- ___humanize 12. Not earning enough- ____paid 13. Speaking two languages- ____lingual 14. A first quick look at an object- ____ficial 15. Leave aircraft- ____embark

19. Form five words using the following Prefix
Self
Super
Anti
Inter
hyper

20. Fill in with appropriate word Noun Adjective Person Concerned
__________ Chemical Chemist
__________ ___________ Dramatist
Environment ___________ _______________
__________ psychological _______________
Botany __________ Botanist