1. Adjectives
Notes and review

2. Adjectives
An adjective is a word that describes, or modifies, a noun or a pronoun.
Adjectives modify a noun in three ways:
What kind? Example: We studied ancient history.
How many? Example: I read four chapters.
Which one? Example: That invention changed history.
Most adjectives come before the noun they modify. Some adjectives follow linking verbs and modify the noun or pronoun that is the subject of the sentence.
Example: Some architects are skillful and imaginative.
Some comes before the noun architects. Skillful and imaginative follow the linking verb are, and modify the subject architects. These words are called predicate adjectives.
A predicate adjective follows a linking verb and modifies the subject of the sentence.
Proper adjectives are adjectives formed from proper nouns.

3. Articles and Demonstratives
The words a, an, and the make up a special group of adjectives called articles.
A and an are called indefinite articles because they refer to a general group of people, places, things or ideas.
A is used before words beginning with a consonant. An is used before words beginning with a vowel.
The is a definite article because it identifies specific people, places, things or ideas.
Demonstrative adjectives point out something and modify nouns by answering the question which one? Or which ones?
Use this and that with singular nouns. Use these and those with plural nouns.

4. Comparative and Superlative Adjectives
The comparative form of an adjective compares one person or thing with another.
The superlative form of an adjective compares one person or thing with several things.
For most adjectives with one syllable and for some with two syllables, add -er to form the comparative and -est to form the superlative.
Example: Is Venezuela larger than Peru? (comparative)
Is Brazil the richest country in South America? (superlative)
For most adjectives with two or more syllables, form the comparative by using more before the adjective.
Form the superlative by using most before the adjective.
Example: Is Chile more mountainous than Bolivia?(comparative)
Was Simon Bolivar South America’s most successful general?(superlative)
Don’t use more or most before irregular adjectives that are already in the comparative or superlative form.

5. Comparative and Superlative Adjectives
The words less and least are used before both short and long adjectives to form the negative comparative and superlative.
Don’t use more, most, less, or least before adjectives that already end with -er or -est. This is called a double comparison.
The comparative and superlative forms of some adjectives are not formed in the regular way.
Example: Harriet Tubman believed in a good cause.
She knew that freedom was better than slavery.
The Underground Railroad was the best route to freedom.
Base Form
comparative
Superlative
Good, Well
Better
Best
Bad
Worse
Worst
Many, Much
More
Most
Little
Less
Least