1. Definite and Indefinite Articles
Use of articles with specific and unspecified things

2. Definite articles All nouns in Spanish are masculine or feminine.
In Spanish, the definite article (the) that accompanies a noun will match its gender and number.
Definite article
Noun
Singular masculine El
(the)
Chico
(boy)
Plural
masculine
Los
Chicos
(boys)
Singular
feminine La
Chica
(girl)
Plural feminine
Las
Chicas
(girls)

3. Definite articles (continued)
Son para el concurso.
El matches concurso.
A los nuevos amigos.
Los matches amigos.
The gender of a noun must be learned.
Usually
Nouns ending with –o are masculine
Nouns ending with –a are feminine.

4. Indefinite articles
A noun may sometimes appear with an indefinite article (a, an or some).
The indefinite article that accompanies a noun will also match its gender and number.
Indefinite
article
Noun
Singular masculine Un
(a)
Chico
(boy)
Plural masculine
Unos
(some)
Chicos
(boys)
Singular feminine
Una
Chica
(girl)
Plural
feminine
Unas
Chicas
(girls)

5. Modelos El sombrero es rojo. La blusa es azul. Una camisa es buena.
The hat is red
La blusa es azul.
The blouse is blue
Una camisa es buena.
A shirt is good.
Un chico es un estudiante.
A boy is a student.
Unas camisetas son marrónes.
Some T-shirts are brown.

6. Sustantivos y adjetivos plurales
To make nouns and adjectives plural in Spanish, you will either add -s or –es.
The last letter of the singular nouns or the correct gender form of the adjective determines what you add to make plural

7. Add an -es
If the singular form ends with a vowel that has an accent mark.
If the singular form ends with any consonant
por ejemplo:
rubí rubíes
azul azules
pared paredes
canción canciones

8. Add an -s If the singular form ends with a vowel with no accent mark.
por ejemplo:
gato gatos
chica chicas
buena buenas
verde verdes

9. There are some spelling changes to keep in mind!
Change a –z to a –c before adding –es
Por ejemplo:
Pez peces
Lápiz lápices
Most words that have an accent mark will drop the accent mark when plural.
Canción canciones
Sillón sillones