1. Unit 2 Physical Science Atoms and the Periodic Table
Ms. Holley – Clayton High School

2. 9/13/2017 Unit 2 Outlines due 9/19 Game Plan:
Announcements & Turn In:
Game Plan:
Credit Recovery
Unit 2 Notes
Work on Outlines for Unit 2 – use Textbooks in classroom. NO cell phones out!
Unit 2 is Chapters 4-5 in the Textbook.
Outlines are due 9/19
Daily Targets:
Assignments (due next class*):
Students Will Be Able To:
describe the parts of an atom.
Unit 2 Outlines due 9/19

3. Subatomic Particles Subatomic Particles Charge Location Mass
Proton (p) +1
nucleus
1 amu
Neutron (n)
Electron(e-) -1
orbitals
.0005 amu

4. Periodic Table Basics DON’T LOSE YOUR PERIODIC TABLE!
Take the following UNDERLINED information on the front side of your periodic table.

5. Periodic Table Basics Atomic # = # of protons Identifies the element
Organized on table by Atomic #

6. Periodic Table Basics
Mass # = (# of protons + # of neutrons.

7. # Neutrons = Mass # - Atomic # # Electrons = # of Protons
Periodic Table Basics
# Protons = Atomic #
# Neutrons = Mass # - Atomic #
# Electrons = # of Protons
( if the atom is neutral)

8. Find the symbol for Lead

9. Find the symbol for CALCIUM

10. Find the symbol for POTASSIUM

11. Find the atomic number of C

12. Find the atomic number of Sr

13. Find the atomic mass of Cl

14. Find the atomic mass of Fe

15. Find the number of protons for N

16. Find the number of protons for Li

17. Find the number of protons for W

18. Find the number of neutrons for Ar

19. Find the number of neutrons for Rb

20. Find the number of electrons for Al

21. Find the number of electrons for Sn

22. Family Names Family Names: 1- Alkali Metals 2- Alkaline Earth Metals
3- Boron Family
4- Carbon Family

23. Family Names 5 – Nitrogen Family 6 – Oxygen Family 7- Halogens
8- Noble Gas

24. On your Periodic Table Write at the top:
Groups run up and down = # of valence electrons

25. On your Periodic Table Write at the top:
Periods run side to side= # of energy levels

26. More Information about the Periodic Table 
Valence electrons- electrons in the outermost energy level

27. More Information about the Periodic Table 
Ions – a charged particle (+ / -)
Gain electrons  - ion (anion)
Loss electrons  + ion (cation)

28. What period is Li in?

29. What period is Br in?

30. What family is Al ?

31. What family is Ne in?

32. How many valence electrons does B have?

33. How many valence electrons does Mg have?

34. How many energy levels does P have?

35. How many energy levels does Fr have?

36. How many valence electrons does S have?

37. What period is Ba in?

38. What group number is O in?

39. Back to Bohr models!
Divide the back of your periodic table into 8 columns
Label across the top: 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A & 8A
Label the Family names across the top under the 1A, 2A, etc
Draw the Bohr model for the first element in each family
I will demonstrate on the board

40. Steps for drawing Bohr Models
1) Find the element- determine the number of protons, neutrons and electrons
2) Draw the nucleus and put in the number or neutrons and protons
3) Find the period the element is on, this is the number of orbitals or energy levels.
4) Find the group the element is in, this is the number of valence electrons.
5) Draw the orbitals and put in the valence electrons.
6) Draw in the rest of the electrons.

41. Helium

42. Valence Electrons
How many valence electrons does Helium have?

43. Valence Electrons
Magic number in the outermost energy level is 8 (octet)
8 electrons = full shell
Electrons can be given away (+) or taken in (-)

44. Valence Electrons (Look)

45. How to express Valence Electrons

46. Oxidation # Oxidation # is the resulting charge on an ion.
EX. Beryllium has 2 valence electrons, is it easier for Be to gain 6 e’s or lose 2 e’s?
EX. Oxygen has 6 valence electrons, is it easier for O to gain 2 e’s or to lose 6 e’s?
On your worksheet you will label the oxidation numbers.

47. Practice!
What is the oxidation state of Sr?

48. How many neutrons does Cu have?

49. What is the atomic number of Pd?

50. What is the atomic mass of W?

51. What period is Ra in ?

52. How many valence electrons does Cs have?

53. Isotopes
Isotopes: atoms of a given element that have different numbers of neutrons and different mass numbers
Most common examples:
Carbon 12, Carbon 13, Carbon 14
Hydrogen 1, Hydrogen 2, Hydrogen 3

54. Isotopes Isotopes of Different elements?
Element D has 6 protons and 7 neutrons
Element F has 7 protons and 7 neutrons
First, look at the number of protons.
If they have the same # of protons they are the same element

55. Isotopes 12 C 13 C 14 C -6_(#p) -6 (#p) -6_(#p)____
6 (#n) 7(#n) (#n)
If it has an atomic number of 6, and therefore 6 protons- it is ALWAYS carbon
*Let’s practice on the isotope worksheet