1. Pronunciation of final –s/es Plural forms of nouns
Plural Nouns
Pronunciation of final –s/es
Plural forms of nouns

2. 6-1 PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S/-ES
cats = cat/z/

3. /s/ as in “bus” voiceless sounds
6-1 PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S/-ES
(a) eats = eat/s/
taps = tap/s/
bikes = bike/s/
/s/ as in “bus”
voiceless sounds

4. voiceless sounds examples: /t/, /p/, /k/
6-1 PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S/-ES
(a) eats = eat/s/
taps = tap/s/
bikes = bike/s/
/s/ as in “bus”
voiceless sounds
examples: /t/, /p/, /k/

5. (b) reads = read/z/ jars = jar/z/ tolls = toll/z/ paws = paw/z/
6-1 PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S/-ES
(b) reads = read/z/
jars = jar/z/
tolls = toll/z/
paws = paw/z/
/z/ as in “buzz”
voiced sounds

6. (b) reads = read/z/ jars = jar/z/ tolls = toll/z/ paws = paw/z/
6-1 PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S/-ES
(b) reads = read/z/
jars = jar/z/
tolls = toll/z/
paws = paw/z/
/z/ as in “buzz”
voiced sounds
examples: /d/, /r/, /l/, /m/, /b/, all vowel sounds

7. (c) wishes = wish/ z/ catches = catch/ z/ glasses = glass/ z/
6-1 PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S/-ES
(c) wishes = wish/ z/
catches = catch/ z/
glasses = glass/ z/
sizes = size/ z/
wages = wage/ z/
judges = judge/ z/ ә ә ә ә ә ә
/ z/ adds a syllable
–s/–es pronounced / z/ ә ә

8. -s/-es pronounced / z/ after –sh, –ch, –s, –z, –ge / –dge sounds
6-1 PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S/-ES
(c) wishes = wish/ z/
catches = catches/ z/
glasses = glass/ z/
sizes = size/ z/
wages = wage/ z/
judges = judge/ z/ ә ә ә ә ә ә
/ z/ adds a syllable
-s/-es pronounced / z/ after
–sh, –ch, –s, –z, –ge / –dge sounds ә ә

9. cupcakes = cupcake__ /s/ a. /s/ b. /z/ c. / z/ e 6-1 LET’S PRACTICE

10. watches = watch___ / z/ e a. /s/ b. /z/ c. / z/ e 6-1 LET’S PRACTICE

11. cars = car__ /z/ a. /s/ b. /z/ c. / z/ e 6-1 LET’S PRACTICE

12. 6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
one potato
six potatoes

13. most plural nouns add –s
6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
SINGULAR
PLURAL
(a)
one dream two dreams
one boat two boats
one shoe two shoes
most plural nouns
add –s

14. (b) one wish two wishes one latch two latches one glass two glasses
6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
SINGULAR
PLURAL
(b)
one wish two wishes
one latch two latches
one glass two glasses
one mix two mixes
endings: –sh, –ch, –ss, –x
add –es

15. endings: consonant + –y –y –i and add –es
6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
SINGULAR
PLURAL
(c)
one story two stories
one party two parties
endings: consonant + –y
–y –i and add –es

16. (d) one boy two boys one ray two rays endings: vowel + –y add –s
6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
SINGULAR
PLURAL
(d)
one boy two boys
one ray two rays
endings: vowel + –y
add –s

17. (e) one life two lives one elf two elves Exceptions:
6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
SINGULAR
PLURAL
(e)
one life two lives
one elf two elves
Exceptions:
beliefs, chiefs,
roofs, cuffs, cliffs
endings: –fe or –f
–fe or –f –ves

18. one potato two potatoes one piano two pianos one zero two zeroes/zeros
6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
SINGULAR
PLURAL
(f)
one potato two potatoes
one piano two pianos
one zero two zeroes/zeros
endings: –o
sometimes –oes sometimes –os

19. irregular plural forms
6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
SINGULAR
PLURAL
(g)
one child two children
one goose two geese
one tooth two teeth
irregular plural forms

20. one species two species
6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
SINGULAR
PLURAL
(h)
one deer two deer
one sheep two sheep
one species two species
plural form = singular form

21. one bacterium two bacteria one cactus two cacti one crisis two crises
6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
SINGULAR
PLURAL
one bacterium two bacteria
one cactus two cacti
one crisis two crises
one phenomenon two phenomena
(i)
foreign plurals

22. 6-2 LET’S PRACTICE
one goat
two ______
goats

23. 6-2 LET’S PRACTICE
one ape
many ____
apes

24. 6-2 LET’S PRACTICE
one stitch
many ______
stitches

25. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education and
PHOTO CREDITS
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education and
its licensors. All rights reserved.
Images used under license from:
Shutterstock, Inc.
Clipart, Inc. 25