1. Nationalism, Sectionalism, Reform and Expansion
Chapters 7, 8 and 9

2. Presidents
Year
President
Accomplishments

3. Nationalism
Extreme pride and patriotism in your country, the concern of the nation is more important than other interests

4. Sectionalism Division of the country North South
Belief that own interests, based on location, section, or region are more important than other interests
Division of the country
North
South

5. James Monroe 5th President - 1816 The Era of Good Feelings
Adams-Onis Treaty – by JQA, US received FLA and agreed on border between LT and Spanish territory
Monroe Doctrine
The Western Hemisphere is closed to European Colonization

6. Missouri Compromise Missouri was admitted as a slave state
Maine admitted as a free state
Slavery prohibited in areas north of Missouri

8. John Quincy Adams

9. Election of 1824
Favorite sons
Corrupt bargain
John Quincy Adams

10. Politics Voting rights expanded 1828 Election
Mudslinging-attacking candidates personally
Two parties
Democratic & National Republicans Republicans

11. Andrew Jackson Victorious
Spoils system-appointing people to positions because of their previous support for the party
Caucus-a closed meeting to choose a party’s nominee

14. Political Issues National Tariff Raised prices on British goods
Called the Tariff of Abominations
Opponent John Calhoun, Jacksons VP & a southerner
Nullify-reject
Secede-withdraw

15. Nullification Crisis SC declares tariff “null and void”
Jackson receives Force Bill
Solved by Henry Clay
Compromised that the tariff would be reduced over 10 years

16. Issues Policies toward Native Americans Indian Removal Act
Trail of Tears – Over 4000 Cherokee died

17. Whigs New political party formed of Jackson’s critics
Wanted to expand government & encourage industry
Centralize economy

18. Jackson Re-elected
National Bank -Has government money taken out of bank and eventually has bank go out of business.
Believed the Constitution did not give the government the authority to create it.

19. Industrial Revolution
Change in commerce – began in Great Britain
Factory Production
Mill towns
Inventions
Interchangeable parts

20. Inventions Samuel Slater – Textile mill, water power for the machines
Moses Brown – Spinning mill
Eli Whitney – Cotton gin
Robert Fulton – Steamboat
Samuel F.B. Morse – Telegraph

21. Workforce Immigrants Women- Lowell Girls Organizations Nativism
Irish & Germans
Women- Lowell Girls
Organizations
Labor unions
Strikes

22. Growth of Transportation
Roads
National Road
Railroads
Steam engine
Canals
Steamboats

23. The Erie Canal

24. Communication
Morse Code
Purpose?
Benefits?

25. Developed in the 1830s and 1840s by Samuel Morse ( ) and other inventors, the telegraph revolutionized long-distance communication. It worked by transmitting electrical signals over a wire laid between stations. In addition to helping invent the telegraph, Samuel Morse developed a code (bearing his name) that assigned a set of dots and dashes to each letter of the English alphabet and allowed for the simple transmission of complex messages across telegraph lines. In 1844, Morse sent his first telegraph message, from Washington, D.C., to Baltimore, Maryland; by 1866, a telegraph line had been laid across the Atlantic Ocean from the U.S. to Europe. Although the telegraph had fallen out of widespread use by the start of the 21st century, replaced by the telephone, fax machine and Internet, it laid the groundwork for the communications revolution that led to those later innovations.

26. Agriculture
Cash Crops
Cotton
Tobacco
Rice
Cotton Gin

27. Slave in cotton fields

28. Slaves and their homes

29. African Americans Enslaved Rebellion Free Task system Gang system
Nat Turner
Free

31. William Henry Harrison
Elections of 1836 & 1840
Martin Van Buren
William Henry Harrison
Caught pneumonia – died 32 days later
John Tyler takes over

32. Martin Van Buren
1836

33. William Henry Harrison
1840

34. John Tyler

35. Reform A reform is a change usually for the better
New religious groups
Mormons
Second Great Awakening

36. Reform Topics Education – Horace Mann
Industry – Working conditions & wages
Urbanization – Cleaning up the cities
Temperance – Limit use of alcohol
Women’s Rights – Political & voting
Abolition – End slavery
Prison – Better conditions
Religion – Second Great Awakening

37. Religion
Benevolent societies – spread the word of god and then tried to fix social problems
Utopian societies

38. Revival Minister

39. Joseph Smith
Organized the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

40. Educational Reform Public School Normal Schools
Needed educated workers
Socially educated
Normal Schools

41. Horace
Mann

42. Women’s Movement Education The right to vote Seneca Falls Convention
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Lucretia Mott
Alice Paul

43. Alice Paul House – Mount Laurel, NJ

44. Literary Changes
Transcendentalism – people can work with nature, the limits of the mind can be overcome
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Margaret Fuller
Henry David Thoreau

46. Abolition Immediate end to slavery
American Colonization Society – resettle slaves in Africa
Emancipation – freeing of all slaves

47. Against Slavery Nat Turner Rebellion in VA. Underground Railroad
William Lloyd Garrison – The Liberator
Quakers
Frederick Douglass

48. Penny Press
Mass newspapers
Special Interest Magazines

49. Manifest Destiny
Belief that the U.S. should spread from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.

50. Movement West Squatters – settlers on land they did not own.
Pre-emption Act – allowed these squatters to purchase some of this land.

51. Treaty of Fort Laramie - 1851
This was supposed to give defined territories of where settlers would cross the Great Plains ( Mississippi to the Rockies, Canada to Texas) and territories which would be the Native Americans forever.

53. U.S. Citizens in Texas
Empresarios – agents who contracted to bring residents to Texas in exchange for land
Mexico liberally allowed people to settle
Stephen Austin

54. Texas Mexico closed its border in 1830
Two major defeats at the Alamo and Goliad
The Battle of San Jacinto – Turning point
Santa Anna captured

55. Annexation
Texas wanted to be annexed (absorbed) by the U.S. as a slave state
President Jackson did not want to upset the balance and made no move

56. Election of 1844 James K. Polk
Wanted to add Texas, Oregon and California
Compromised on 49th parallel
Texas and Oregon annexed

57. War With Mexico Texas’ entry to Union outraged Mexico
Dispute over southern border of Texas
General Zachary Taylor
War declared

58. War with Mexico Three pronged attack Bear Flag Republic – California
Captured Mexico City

59. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Over 500,000 square miles of territory
California, Nevada, Utah
Parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado and Wyoming
Rio Grande River southern border
U.S. paid $15 million, took over Mexican debt

61. 1. California
2. Texas
3. Normal school
4. John Quincy Adams
5. Sam Houston
6. John Tyler
7. Andrew Jackson
8. Frederick Douglass
9.Eli Whitney
10. Manifest Destiny
11. Corrupt Bargain
12. Favorite sons
13. James Polk
14. Nat Turner
15. Harriet Tubman
16. Seneca Falls
17. Democrats
18. Whigs
19. Missouri
20. Maine
21. Abolition
22.William Henry Harrison
23. Spoils system
24. Francis Lowell

62. 1. Monroe Doctrine
2. Missouri Compromise
3. Secede
4. States’ rights
5. Trail of Tears
6. Telegraph
7. Temperance
8. Suffrage
9. Urbanization
10. Nationalism
11. Nullification
12. Cotton Gin
13. William Lloyd Garrison
14. Nativism
15. National Road
16. Horace Mann
17. Trancendentalism
18. Samuel Morse
19. Reform
20. Labor movement
21. Underground Railroad
22. Indian Removal Act
23. Sectionalism
21. Gold Rush

63. 1. Pony Express
2. Mission system
3. Alamo
4. Bear Flag Revolt
5. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
5. Mexican Cession
6. John Tyler
7. Mormons
8. San Jacinto
9. Santa Anna
10.