1. 8th grade Physical Lesson #3: Modeling Atoms
(student pages 25-26)

2. Engage: Identify each of these mystery elements using the periodic table on the back of your notebook
A metal with 13 protons.
2. gas with 22 neutrons.
3. An element located at the intersection of period 7 and group 2.

3. Engage: Identify each of these mystery elements using the periodic table on the back of your notebook Al
2. gas with 22 neutrons.
3. An element located at the intersection of period 7 and group 2.

4. Engage: Identify each of these mystery elements using the periodic table on the back of your notebook Al
2. Ar
3. An element located at the intersection of period 7 and group 2.

5. Engage: Identify each of these mystery elements using the periodic table on the back of your notebook Al
2. Ar
3. Ra

6. Modeling activity #1
1. Choose 3 colors for each: protons, electron, and neutrons
2. Draw 9 protons in the nucleus.
3. Draw 10 neutrons in the nucleus.
4. Draw 9 electrons in the energy levels around the nucleus.
5. Sketch your atomic model in the space provided.
6. The proton number is the same as the Atomic Number. Look up your element on the Periodic Table of the
Elements and record its symbol on the line provided.

7. Modeling activity #2
1. Choose 3 colors for each: protons, electron, and neutrons
2. Draw 3 protons in the nucleus.
3. Draw 4 neutrons in the nucleus.
4. Draw 3 electrons in the energy levels around the nucleus.
5. Sketch your atomic model in the space provided.
6. Find this element on the Periodic table and record its mass on the space provided

8. Modeling activity #3
1. Choose 3 colors for each: protons, electron, and neutrons
2. Draw 10 protons in the nucleus.
3. Draw 10 neutrons in the nucleus.
4. Draw 10 electrons in the energy levels around the nucleus.
5. Sketch your atomic model in the space provided.
6. Find this element on the Periodic table and give the group number

9. answers
Modeling activity #1 Element symbol F
Modeling activity #2 Atomic Mass 6.94
Modeling activity #3 Group Number 18

10. Explain: Use the words listed below to match to the correct statement.
1. Anything that has mass and takes up space.
2. The smallest particle of an element.
3. Made of two or more different atoms bonded together.
4. Made of different atoms and/or compounds not chemically bonded together.
5. No charge. Found in nucleus. Gain or loss of these particles results in a loss of mass and release of a large amount of energy. Isotopes result.
6. Positive charge. Found in nucleus. Gain or loss of these particles produces an entirely different element.
7. Negative charge. Found moving in waves around the nucleus to create covalent or ionic bonds. Gain or loss of these particles produces ions.

11. Explain: Use the words listed below to match to the correct statement.
Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space.
2. The smallest particle of an element.
3. Made of two or more different atoms bonded together.
4. Made of different atoms and/or compounds not chemically bonded together.
5. No charge. Found in nucleus. Gain or loss of these particles results in a loss of mass and release of a large amount of energy. Isotopes result.
6. Positive charge. Found in nucleus. Gain or loss of these particles produces an entirely different element.
7. Negative charge. Found moving in waves around the nucleus to create covalent or ionic bonds. Gain or loss of these particles produces ions.

12. Explain: Use the words listed below to match to the correct statement.
Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space.
Atom The smallest particle of an element.
3. Made of two or more different atoms bonded together.
4. Made of different atoms and/or compounds not chemically bonded together.
5. No charge. Found in nucleus. Gain or loss of these particles results in a loss of mass and release of a large amount of energy. Isotopes result.
6. Positive charge. Found in nucleus. Gain or loss of these particles produces an entirely different element.
7. Negative charge. Found moving in waves around the nucleus to create covalent or ionic bonds. Gain or loss of these particles produces ions.

13. Explain: Use the words listed below to match to the correct statement.
Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space.
Atom The smallest particle of an element.
Molecule3. Made of two or more different atoms bonded together.
4. Made of different atoms and/or compounds not chemically bonded together.
5. No charge. Found in nucleus. Gain or loss of these particles results in a loss of mass and release of a large amount of energy. Isotopes result.
6. Positive charge. Found in nucleus. Gain or loss of these particles produces an entirely different element.
7. Negative charge. Found moving in waves around the nucleus to create covalent or ionic bonds. Gain or loss of these particles produces ions.

14. Explain: Use the words listed below to match to the correct statement.
Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space.
Atom The smallest particle of an element.
Molecule3. Made of two or more different atoms bonded together.
Mixture Made of different atoms and/or compounds not chemically bonded together.
Neutron 5. No charge. Found in nucleus. Gain or loss of these particles results in a loss of mass and release of a large amount of energy. Isotopes result.
6. Positive charge. Found in nucleus. Gain or loss of these particles produces an entirely different element.
7. Negative charge. Found moving in waves around the nucleus to create covalent or ionic bonds. Gain or loss of these particles produces ions.

15. Explain: Use the words listed below to match to the correct statement.
Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space.
Atom The smallest particle of an element.
Molecule3. Made of two or more different atoms bonded together.
Mixture Made of different atoms and/or compounds not chemically bonded together.
Neutron 5. No charge. Found in nucleus. Gain or loss of these particles results in a loss of mass and release of a large amount of energy. Isotopes result.
Proton Positive charge. Found in nucleus. Gain or loss of these particles produces an entirely different element.
7. Negative charge. Found moving in waves around the nucleus to create covalent or ionic bonds. Gain or loss of these particles produces ions.

16. Explain: Use the words listed below to match to the correct statement.
Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space.
Atom The smallest particle of an element.
Molecule3. Made of two or more different atoms bonded together.
Mixture Made of different atoms and/or compounds not chemically bonded together.
5. No charge. Found in nucleus. Gain or loss of these particles results in a loss of mass and release of a large amount of energy. Isotopes result.
6. Positive charge. Found in nucleus. Gain or loss of these particles produces an entirely different element.
7. Negative charge. Found moving in waves around the nucleus to create covalent or ionic bonds. Gain or loss of these particles produces ions.

17. Explain: Use the words listed below to match to the correct statement.
Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space.
Atom The smallest particle of an element.
Molecule3. Made of two or more different atoms bonded together.
Mixture Made of different atoms and/or compounds not chemically bonded together.
Neutron 5. No charge. Found in nucleus. Gain or loss of these particles results in a loss of mass and release of a large amount of energy. Isotopes result.
Proton Positive charge. Found in nucleus. Gain or loss of these particles produces an entirely different element.
Electron 7. Negative charge. Found moving in waves around the nucleus to create covalent or ionic bonds. Gain or loss of these particles produces ions.

18. Atoms are the building blocks of matter.
Essential Question:
How are atoms, elements and compounds related?
Atoms are the building blocks of matter.
One atom is the smallest representation of an element.
When two or more atoms of the same or differing elements combine chemically they form molecules.

19. Elaborate:
1.__________ is the “stuff” that all objects and substances in the universe are made of. Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms and molecules.

20. Elaborate:
Matter is the “stuff” that all objects and substances in the universe are made of. Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms and molecules. These particles attract each other; the greater the attraction, the closer the particles get.

21. Elaborate:
The particles that make up matter are constantly moving. In solids, these particles vibrate in place, but the vibration isn’t great enough to overcome the attraction between the particles and cause them to separate. The particles of liquid move faster and can overcome some of the attraction between the particles, so they can ____ around and over each other. In a gas the particles of the substance move so fast that they are able to overcome the _________ between them and separate from each other entirely.

22. Elaborate:
The particles that make up matter are constantly moving. In solids, these particles vibrate in place, but the vibration isn’t great enough to overcome the attraction between the particles and cause them to separate. The particles of liquid move faster and can overcome some of the attraction between the particles, so they can flow around and over each other. In a gas the particles of the substance move so fast that they are able to overcome the _________ between them and separate from each other entirely.

23. Elaborate:
The particles that make up matter are constantly moving. In solids, these particles vibrate in place, but the vibration isn’t great enough to overcome the attraction between the particles and cause them to separate. The particles of liquid move faster and can overcome some of the attraction between the particles, so they can flow around and over each other. In a gas the particles of the substance move so fast that they are able to overcome the attraction between them and separate from each other entirely.

24. Elaborate:
An atom is the smallest particle into which an element, such as gold, can be divided and still maintain the ____________ of that element. Because all matter is made up of elements, and all elements are made of atoms, atoms are considered the ________________of matter.

25. Elaborate:
An atom is the smallest particle into which an element, such as gold, can be divided and still maintain the properties of that element. Because all matter is made up of elements, and all elements are made of atoms, atoms are considered the ________________of matter.

26. Elaborate:
An atom is the smallest particle into which an element, such as gold, can be divided and still maintain the properties of that element. Because all matter is made up of elements, and all elements are made of atoms, atoms are considered the building blocks of matter.

27. Elaborate:
Atoms are made up of even smaller particles called protons which are positively charged, ________ which are neutral and electrons which have a ____________ charge. Protons and neutrons stick together to form an atom’s ________ which is at the center of the atom. _________ are found in regions surrounding the nucleus.

28. Elaborate:
Atoms are made up of even smaller particles called protons which are positively charged, neutrons which are neutral and electrons which have a ____________ charge. Protons and neutrons stick together to form an atom’s ________ which is at the center of the atom. _________ are found in regions surrounding the nucleus.

29. Elaborate:
Atoms are made up of even smaller particles called protons which are positively charged, neutrons which are neutral and electrons which have a negative charge. Protons and neutrons stick together to form an atom’s ________ which is at the center of the atom. _________ are found in regions surrounding the nucleus.

30. Elaborate:
Atoms are made up of even smaller particles called protons which are positively charged, neutrons which are neutral and electrons which have a negative charge. Protons and neutrons stick together to form an atom’s nucleus which is at the center of the atom. _________ are found in regions surrounding the nucleus.

31. Elaborate:
Atoms are made up of even smaller particles called protons which are positively charged, neutrons which are neutral and electrons which have a negative charge. Protons and neutrons stick together to form an atom’s nucleus which is at the center of the atom. Electrons are found in regions surrounding the nucleus.

32. Elaborate:
An element is considered the simplest form of matter. It cannot be broken down into simpler substances under normal conditions. There are about 110 known elements in the universe.

33. Elaborate:
Each element is made of atoms of the same type and has a unique set of physical and chemical properties. These properties can be used to identify different elements and are used to organize them on a chart known as the periodic table of ___________.

34. Elaborate:
Each element is made of atoms of the same type and has a unique set of physical and chemical properties. These properties can be used to identify different elements and are used to organize them on a chart known as the periodic table of elements.

35. Elaborate:
The periodic table is made up of horizontal rows and vertical __________ of boxes.

36. Elaborate:
The periodic table is made up of horizontal rows and vertical columns of boxes.

37. Elaborate:
Each box contains information about a single element such as the elements name, the chemical symbol for the element, the elements atomic number and the elements atomic mass.

38. Elaborate:
The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom of that element and the atomic number is the number of protons in an atom of that elements. Each row of elements is called a___________.

39. Elaborate:
Each row of elements is called a period. If you read a period from left to right, you will see that the elements are arranged in order by their atomic number.

40. Elaborate:
Each column in the periodic table is called a group or family. The elements in each group share similar physical and __________ properties. When two or more elements combine chemically, they form a ____________.

41. Elaborate:
Each column in the periodic table is called a group or family. The elements in each group share similar physical and chemical properties. When two or more elements combine chemically, they form a ____________.

42. Elaborate:
Each column in the periodic table is called a group or family. The elements in each group share similar physical and chemical properties. When two or more elements combine chemically, they form a compound.

43. Elaborate:
Some familiar compounds include table salt
which is made up of sodium and chlorine atoms, and sugar which is made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Compounds are known as pure substances.

44. Elaborate:
One way to classify a compound is by its pH which is used to tell how _______ or basic a substance is. A substance with a pH of less than 7 is considered acidic, a pH of 7 is considered neutral, and a pH greater than 7 is considered basic.

45. Elaborate:
One way to classify a compound is by its pH which is used to tell how acidic or basic a substance is. A substance with a pH of less than 7 is considered acidic, a pH of 7 is considered neutral, and a pH greater than 7 is considered basic.