1. National Research Centre ”Kurchatov Institute”
DPA calculations at NRC KI and modeling of point defects, cascade and sub-cascade formations in irradiated
collimator materials for LHC
Alexander Ryazanov
“2nd EuCARD-2 Annual Meeting”
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

2. Outline
Introduction. Two types of radiation damage production: point defects and сascades and sub-cascades
Theoretical Models of point defect production in different LHC collimator materials
Numerical Calculations of сascade and sub-cascade formation for different LHC collimator materials
Conclusions
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

3. Modeling of Point Defect Formation under Different Types of Irradiations
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

4. MD simulation of 30 KeV displacement cascade in Cu at 300K at 2 ps and 18 ps into collision cascade
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

5. Displacement cascade simulated in iron by Molecular Dynamics; the cascade splits into two or three sub-cascades. EPKA =40 keV, T =100 K
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

6. Microstructure of α- Fe after 0
Microstructure of α- Fe after 0.1 dpa using G1 = 6 x 10E-11 dpa/s (a) and G2 = 6 x 10E-5 dpa/s (b). The white spheres are vacancies, black ones are interstitials and slate grey small are SIA traps.
G1 = 6 x 10E-11 dpa/s
G2 = 6 x 10E-5 dpa/s
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

7. Summary of the different possible events taking place in an object Kinetic Monte – Carlo simulation
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

8. Displacement cross section for point defect formation
Point Defect Formation under Irradiation
Displacement cross section for point defect formation
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

9. Diatomic and polyatomic materials Numerical calculations
Cascade function
Monatomic
materials
Diatomic and polyatomic materials
Kinchin и Pease
Numerical calculations
NRT
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

10. Cascade functions NRT (1975) K-P (1955) T is the total energy of PKA,
η is the energy lost in cascade by electron excitation,
ED is the damage energy
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

11. Displacement damage effectiveness for various energetic particles in nickel
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

12. Radiation damage production in Co-D and Mo-D at middle energies

13. Theoretical modeling of point radiation damage accumulation in Cu-Diamond irradiated by 30 MeV protons p
ρ (Cu) = 8.94 g/cm3 ,
Cu, MoCu
Diam
Ed(Cu) = 30 eV
Ed(Diam) = 50 eV
1) L(Diam) = 130 μm,
L(Cu) = 65 μm
2) L(Diam) = 100 μm,
L(Cu) = 50 μm 13
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

14. Physical parameters used for calculations in both materials CuCD and MoCuCD14
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

15. Radiation damage profile from protons with energy 5 MeV in the layered structure of CuCD material for two different configurations of layers 15
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

16. Radiation damage profile from protons with energy 5 MeV in the layered structure of CuCD material for two different configurations of layers 16
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

17. Distribution of radiation damage profiles (dpa) in Mo-Cu-Diamond irradiated by protons with the energy 5 MeV at fluence Ф =1017p/cm2 17
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

18. Displacement damage profiles in Copper-Diamond irradiated by 30 MeV protons up to dose Ф = 1 x 10E17 p/cm2 18
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

19. Displacement damage profiles in Copper-Diamond irradiated by 30 MeV protons up to dose Ф = 1 x 10E18 p/cm2 19
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany 19

20. Displacement damage profiles in Copper-Diamond irradiated by 30 MeV protons up to dose Ф = 1 x 10E18 p/cm2 20
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

21. Radiation damage profile from protons with energy 5 MeV in the layered structure of MoCuCD material for two different configurations of layers 21
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

22. Radiation damage profile from protons with energy 5 MeV in the layered structure of MoCuCD material for two different configurations of layers 22
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

23. Radiation damage production in graphite and copper at high energies

24. Displacement cross sections for secondary pions with energies up to 450 GeV in graphite and copper
Graphite Copper
3 – 4 December 2014, GSI, Germany

25. Differential cross section for relativistic electrons
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

26. Displacement cross sections for secondary electrons with energies up to 450 GeV in graphite and copper
Graphite Copper
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

27. The spectrum of pions (π-) produced in graphite at different distances along the beam of 450 GeV protons (FLUKA)
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

28. The spectrum of secondary relativistic electrons produced in graphite at different distances along the beam with GeV protons (FLUKA)
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

29. The spectrum of pions produced in graphite at different distances along the beam of 7 TeV protons (FLUKA)
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

30. Generation rate of primary radiation point defects in graphite versus energy of pions for a single bunch of 450 GeV protons
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

31. Generation rate of primary radiation point defects in graphite versus energy of secondary electrons for a single bunch of 450 GeV protons
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

32. The calculations of generation rates of primary radiation damage (dpa/c ) per bunch in graphite by secondary pions and electrons under 450 GeV proton beam
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

33. Radiation damage production in SiC
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

34. Radiation damage production in SiC under 10 MeV protons
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

35. Radiation damage production in SiC under 20 MeV protons
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

36. Radiation damage production in SiC under 30 MeV protons
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

37. Elastic cross section of neutrons for SiC
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

38. Cascade functions for multicomponent materials (SiC)
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

39. Displacement damage functions for SiC
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

40. Recoil transport calculations of displaced atoms using Boltzman transport equations
is the scalar flux for the k-th sort of moving atoms,
is the electronic stopping power for k-th sort of moving atoms, - the unit vector along X axis and is the source of the k-type of moving atoms. stands for the collision integral of the k-th sort of moving particles:
is the atomic concentration of the i-th sort of atoms is differential cross-section of collisions between k-th type of atoms with energy E moving in direction and i-th type of atoms in the target.
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

41. 5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

42. Displacement damage rate in SiC for several neutron and ion sources
Displacement damage rate in SiC for several neutron and ion sources. All neutron fluxes are normalized to the total flux of 10E18n/m2 s and the light ions to a beam current 10E-2 A/m2
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

43. Displacement cross sections in SiC for secondary pions with energies up to 7 TeV
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

44. Generation rate of primary radiation point defects in silicon carbide (SiC) versus energy of secondary pions for a single bunch of 450 GeV and 7 TeV protons
450 GeV beam 7 TeV beam
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

45. Summary
♦ Theoretical models and computer tools were developed for the investigations of radiation damage formation: point defects, cascades and sub-cascades in the LHC collimator material (C, Cu-D, Mo-CuD, SiC) for irradiated on NRC KI cyclotron and for 450 GeV and 7 TeV protons.
♦ Developed models allow to calculate the generation rates of point defects and cascade and sub-cascade formation in LHC collimator materials taking into account electronic excitation, energy loss, elastic and inelastic collisions of fast particles with atoms of these materials.
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

46. ColMat-HDED collaboration and beyond
ColMat-HDED partners
Partnership agreement with CERN (KN2045)
Main founding to Kurchatov lab. From CERN Collimation Project
Complementarity with irradiation tests at BLN, different energies and additional materials tested .
Glidcop, Molybdenum, CuCD, MoGr
BNL Features:
Irradiation with proton beam at 200 MeV
Indirect water cooling and T~100°C (samples encapsulated with inert gas)
Thermo-physical and mechanical characterization for fluence up to 1020 p/cm2
Possibility to irradiate with neutrons (simulate shower on secondary coll.)
Collaboration CERN with US-LARP
Desy – May ‘14
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany 46

47. WP11 (and beyond) detailed work
EuCARD2 WP11 ColMat-HDED focusses on further material developments for collimators and targets:
Producing novel material samples (Brevetti-Bizz, RHP, CERN)
Performing irradiation tests in M-branch (from 2011 in GSI) and HiRadMat (from 2012 at CERN), together with well-established irradiation facilities (NRC-KI and BNL) to measure radiation resistance and hardness. (CERN, GSI, UM, KUG, IFIC)
Characterising mechanical properties (POLITO and CERN).
Simulating mechanical properties (POLITO, NRC-KI, GSI, UM and CERN) and beam induced damage (CERN).
Simulating radiation induced damage (NRC-KI, GSI and CERN).
Integrating collimators into beam environment to give specifications and validate (CERN, HUD, UNIMAN, RHUL, IFIC).
Desy – May ‘14
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

48. WP11 results and next
Heavy ion irradiation tests at GSI (C, Xe, Au, Bi, U, Pb-ions up to 1.15 GeV)
Proton and C irradiation tests at NRC-KI (up to 35 MeV).
Proton irradiation tests ( up to 200 MeV) at BNL.
Planned proton irradiation tests at HiRadMat (CERN)( up to 450 GeV)
Thermo-mechanical tests at POLITO.
Material sample measurements at CERN.
Desy – May ‘14
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

49. Suggestions by NRC KI in the frame of EuCARD 2: Development of theoretical models of point defect and cascade formation and numerical calculations of effect of fast particles (protons, heavy ions) on tracks, shock wave formation and behavior of LHC collimator materials.
Calculations of point radiation damage profiles, cascades and sub-cascades formation in collimator materials: CuCD, MoCD, MoGr for protons with energy up to 200 MeV (BNL, NRC KI), GeV (CERN) and heavy ion irradiation up to 1 GeV (GSI).
Calculations of temperature distribution profiles in irradiated collimator materials CuCD, MoCD under fast protons with energy up to 200 MeV (BNL, NRC KI), 450 GeV (CERN) and tracks under heavy ions irradiation with energies up to 1 GeV (GSI).
Calculations of shock waves in collimator materials under proton irradiation with 450 GeV and 7 TeV taking into account “ Thermal Spike” and “Coulomb Explosion” models. 49
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany

50. Thank you very much for your attention !50
5 December 2014, GSI, Germany