American Conservation Philosophy and its Critique

American Conservation Philosophy and its Critique
09_10.ppt American Conservation Philosophy and its Critique Professor Bob Sandmeyer

Two Remarks I have your second exam and am grading it now
"language, we can discuss this, if you'd like" For those who want to come to my office hours next week to discuss the exam Plagiarism / copying – an issue that could affect your grade From text From websites change change affects only those things you me from this point forward

Conservation Philosophies II
Review Conservation Philosophies II Leopold – Land Ethic; Collaborative Conservation

Unit Two: Conservation Philosophies II
Aldo Leopold – The Land Ethic What is land according to Leopold? By what criteria does Leopold consider a thing (i.e., an act or a policy) right? Leopold – Collaborative Conservation What lesson does the Coon Valley Cooperative teach? What does conservation mean to Leopold?

Unit Three Public Lands Agencies

Unit Three: Public Lands Agencies; Wilderness
What are the major public lands agencies in the U.S. Federal Government? Do the conservation philosophies discussed in the last unit define (in part or in whole) the mission statements of any of these agencies? Wilderness Act What is the human place in wild nature as defined by the Act? What agencies administer the wilderness areas as defined by this Act?

Unit Three: Lands Agencies
The Federal Government – A Primer Three Branches of Government The Legislature The Executive The Judiciary

The Federal Government Three Branches of Government The Judicial Branch Function of Judiciary Interpret the Constitution of the United States Administer the Federal court system

The Federal Government Three Branches of Government The Legislative Branch "bicameral" – two chambers House of Representatives (438) The Senate (50) Function of Legislature: to write laws establish the budget

The Federal Government Three Branches of Government The Executive Branch Function: sign legislative bills into law & execute laws of the nation defense of the nation foreign relations The Federal Lands Manager

US Lands Agencies Department of Agriculture USFS – United States Forest Service Department of the Interior NPS – National Park Service BLM – Bureau of Land Management USFWS – US Fish and Wildlife Service

USFS – the United States Forest Service History 1881, Forest Reserves Act signed into law Division of Forestry established in the General Land Office (GLO) (in the Department of Interior) SECTION 24—The President of the United States may, from time to time, set apart and reserve, in any state or territory having public land bearing forests, in any part of the public lands, wholly or in part covered with timber or undergrowth, whether of commercial value or not, as public reservations; and the President shall, by public proclamation, declare the establishment of such reservations and the limits thereof. Chief of Division of Forestry, Bernhard Fernow. Replaced by Pinchot in 1898.

USFS – the United States Forest Service History 1897, the Pettigrew Amendment or "Organic Act" provided that any new reserves would have to meet the criteria of forest protection, watershed protection, and timber production, thus providing the charter for managing the forest reserves, later called national forests, for more than 75 years. Gifford Pinchot, hired in the summer of 1897, as a special forestry agent Replaced Bernhard Fernow as Chief of Division of Forestry in 1898

USFS – the United States Forest Service History 1881, Forest Reserves Act signed into law Division of Forestry established in the General Land Office (GLO) 1901, Division renamed Bureau of Forestry - Gifford Pinchot assigned as Chief Forester 1905, forest reserves transferred from GLO to Department of Agriculture 1907, forest reserves rename National Forests 1911, the Weeks Act signed authorizing funding for purchases

USFS – the United States Forest Service History 1911, the Weeks Act signed authorized additions to the public land base through purchase of private lands 1990s, "ecosystem management" approach becomes official policy under G.H.W. Bush presidency Integrated preservation and multiple-use conservation paradigms

NPS – the National Park Service History Yellowstone National Park, 1872 Congress established Yellowstone National Park in the Territories of Montana and Wyoming "as a public park or pleasuring ground for the benefit and enjoyment of the people" and placed it "under exclusive control of the Secretary of the Interior." The founding of Yellowstone National Park began a worldwide national park movement. Today more than 100 nations contain some 1,200 national parks or equivalent preserves.

NPS – the National Park Service History Yosemite Park 1864: Valley ceded to the state of California by Lincoln 1890: Mountains around valley designated a national park 1906: Valley receded to federal authority 1906 – Earthquake and great fire of San Francisco 1913: Raker act, authorized a dame for water and power for San Francisco in Yosemite Park’s Hetch Hetchy Valley

Two years after the death of John Muir On August 25, 1916, President Woodrow Wilson signed the act creating the National Park Service 40 national parks and monuments then in existence NPS – the National Park Service The "Organic Act" of 1916 "The service thus established shall promote and regulate the use of the Federal areas known as national parks, monuments, and reservations hereinafter specified by such means and measures as conform to the fundamental purposes of the said parks, monuments, and reservations, which purpose is to conserve the scenery and the natural and historic objects and the wildlife therein and to provide for the enjoyment of the same in such manner and by such means as will leave them unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations."

NPS – the National Park Service The "Organic Act" of 1916 Secretary of Interior may sell or dispose of timber … in order to control the attacks of insects or diseases provide … for the destruction of … animals and of … plant life grant privileges, leases, and permits … for periods not exceeding thirty years Such private leases may not interfere with free access by the public grant privilege to graze livestock grant contracts and leases to private companies within the system

NPS – the National Park Service Additions – National Park designation generally made through Acts of Congress national parks can be created only through such acts. The Secretary of the Interior is usually asked by Congress for recommendations on proposed additions to the System. The Secretary is counseled by the National Park System Advisory Board, composed of private citizens, which advises on possible additions to the System and policies for its management

NPS – the National Park Service Additions – The Antiquities Act of 1906 POTUS has authority, under the Antiquities Act of 1906, to proclaim national monuments on lands already under federal jurisdiction. signed into law by Theodore Roosevelt Authorizes presidents to proclaim and reserve "historic landmarks, historic and prehistoric structures, and other objects of historic or scientific interest" on lands owned or controlled by the United States as "national monuments."

NPS – the National Park Service Other important acts Reorganization of 1933 Franklin Roosevelt signed two important executive orders transferring War Department's parks and monuments to NPS USFS National Monuments to NPS Preservation of Historical Sites Act of 1935 Wilderness Act of 1964 Endangered Species Act of 1973

USFWS – US Fish and Wildlife Service History 1871, U.S. Commission on Fish and Fisheries created 1896, Division of Biological Survey formed 1900 – Lacey Act bars shipment or importation of wildlife 1903, Pres. Th. Roosevelt establishes first wildlife refuge, Pelican Island National Bird Reservation 1905, Bureau of Biological Survey (BBS) established in Department of Agriculture

USFWS – US Fish and Wildlife Service History 1905, Bureau of Biological Survey (BBS) established in Department of Agriculture 1913, The Federal Migratory Bird Law 1929, Migratory Bird Conservation Act 1931, Animal Damage Control Act

USFWS – US Fish and Wildlife Service History 1933, Aldo Leopold writes Game Management 1934, Division of Game Management created in BBS 1936, Bureau of Fisheries hires Rachel Carson Carson publishes Silent Spring (1962) – beginning of US environmental movement 1940, Fish and Wildlife Service established in Dept. of Interior Combined Bureau of Fisheries and Bureau of Biological Survey 1956, The Fish and Wildlife Act of 1956

USFWS – US Fish and Wildlife Service History 1973, Endangered Species Act Fish and Wildlife Service and National Marine Fisheries Service in charge of enforcing it. 1980, Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act

BLM – Bureau of Land Management History 1812, General Land Office established within the Treasury Department 1862 Homestead Act entitles Western settlers to 160 acres of public land Transcontinental Railroad Act – right-of-way & land rights

BLM – Bureau of Land Management History 1872, General Mining Law 1877, Desert Land Act 1878, Timber and Stone Act 1934, Taylor Grazing Act authorizes grazing districts, regulation of grazing, and public rangeland improvements in Western states (excluding Alaska) establishes Division of Grazing within the Department of the Interior

BLM – Bureau of Land Management History 1946, BLM established in Department of Interior consolidation of General Land Office and U.S. Grazing Service

Unit Three See next presentation The Wilderness Act of 1964

Unit Three: Public Lands Agencies
What are the major public lands agencies in the U.S. Federal Government? Do the conservation philosophies discussed in the last unit define (in part or in whole) the mission statements of any of these agencies? Wilderness Act What is the human place in wild nature as defined by the Act? What agencies administer the wilderness areas as defined by this Act?

American Conservation Philosophy and its Critique

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "American Conservation Philosophy and its Critique"— Presentation transcript:

Similar presentations

About project

Feedback

Log in

Auth with social network:

American Conservation Philosophy and its Critique

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "American Conservation Philosophy and its Critique"— Presentation transcript:

Similar presentations

About project

Feedback