1. Thinking About Psychology The Science of Mind and Behavior 3e
Charles T. Blair-Broeker & Randal M. Ernst
PowerPoint Presentation Slides
by Kent Korek
Germantown High School
Worth Publishers, © 2012

2. Social Context Domain

3. Nature, Nurture, Culture and Gender

4. The Psychology of Culture and Gender
Module 21
The Psychology of Culture and Gender

5. Module Overview Culture Individualism and Collectivism
Culture and Personality, Development, and Attachment
Ethnocentrism
Culture and Gender
Click on the any of the above hyperlinks to go to that section in the presentation.

6. Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

7. Culture
The shared attitudes, beliefs, norms, and behaviors of a group communicated from one generation to the next.
The rules are passed from one generation to the next.
The “software of our minds”
Different from nationality, race, and ethnicity

8. David Matsumoto ( )
Psychologist and cross-cultural psychology expert.
Called culture “the software of our minds”

9. Factors Influencing Culture
Matsumoto suggests four factors influence culture
Population density
Climate
Resources
Technology

10. Population Density
Societies with higher population densities require more rules for maintaining social order.

11. Climate
Climate has profound influence on life-styles.

12. Resources
Abundance or lack of resources has an influence on how the people of the culture behave.

13. Technology
Inventions influence the interactions of people.

14. Individualism and Collectivism
Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

15. Individualism Giving priority to personal goals over group goals and
defining identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identification

16. Collectivism
Giving priority to the goals of the group (often the extended family or work group) and
defining personal identity accordingly.

17. Individualism vs Collectivism

18. Individualism vs Collectivism

19. Individualism vs Collectivism

20. Individualism vs Collectivism

21. Individualism vs Collectivism

22. Individualism and Collectivism: Self-Concept
Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

23. Self-Concept One’s sense of self
Individualist cultures have an independent understanding of self
Are separate from others
Collectivist cultures have an interdependent understanding of self
Are connected with others

24. Individualism and Collectivism: Motivation and Emotion
Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

25. Achievement Motivation
The desire to excel
A product of one’s culture and cultural influences

26. Motivation and Culture
Individualist cultures view motivation as an internal push and achievement as an individual triumph.
Collectivist cultures view the desire to achieve as emerging from a sense of indebtedness or obligation to the group.

27. Culture and Personality, Development, and Attachment
Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

28. Cross-Cultural Research
Research that tests hypotheses on many groups of people to understand whether principles apply across cultures.

29. Culture-Specific
Principles that are true only for people of a certain culture.
Called culture-bound
Opposite of universal principles which are true of people of all cultures

30. Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender
Culture and Personality, Development, and Attachment: Culture and Personality
Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

31. Locus of Control
Person’s perception of the source of control over fate or what happens in life:
People with internal locus of control believe they control their fate through their behavior;
people with external locus of control believe their fate is controlled by external circumstances.

32. Internal Locus of Control
Person’s perception that they control their fate through their behavior
Western (individualist) cultures tend to have an internal locus of control.

33. External Locus of Control
Person’s perception that their fate is controlled by external circumstances
Non-Western (collectivist) cultures tend to have an external locus of control.

34. Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender
Culture and Personality, Development, and Attachment: Developmental Psychology
Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

35. Socialization
Learning to become a member of a culture including behaviors the individual expects, and what is expected of the individual

36. Culture and Personality, Development, and Attachment: Attachment
Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

37. Secure Attachment
Parents in the United States value secure attachment with their children.
Some other cultures consider such attachment as spoiling the child.

38. Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender
Ethnocentrism
Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

39. Ethnocentrism
The tendency to view the world through your own cultural filters.
Not necessarily bad or good

40. Goals of Flexible Ethnocentrism
Accepting that everyone is ethnocentric
Realizing that culture filters can distort reality
Realizing people of other cultures produce their own distortions of reality
Learning to deal with our emotions, and our judgments of morality and personality as a result of ethnocentrism

41. Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

42. Gender Our definition of male and female,
based on socially and culturally influenced characteristics,
as well as biology.

43. Gender Role
A set of expected behaviors for males or for females.

44. Gender Identity
Our sense of being male or female.

45. Gender Identity

46. The End

47. Teacher Information Types of Files Animation
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Animation
Once again, to insure compatibility with all versions of Powerpoint, none of the slides are animated. To increase student interest, it is suggested teachers animate the slides wherever possible.
Adding slides to this presentation
Teachers are encouraged to adapt this presentation to their personal teaching style. To help keep a sense of continuity, blank slides which can be copied and pasted to a specific location in the presentation follow this “Teacher Information” section.

48. Teacher Information Domain Coding Key Terms and Definitions in Red
Just as the textbook is organized around the APA National Standards, these Powerpoints are coded to those same standards. Included at the top of almost every slide is a small stripe, color coded to the APA National Standards.
Scientific Inquiry Domain
Biopsychology Domain
Development and Learning Domain
Social Context Domain
Cognition Domain
Individual Variation Domain
Applications of Psychological Science Domain
Key Terms and Definitions in Red
To emphasize their importance, all key terms from the text and their definitions are printed in red. To maintain consistency, the definitions on the Powerpoint slides are identical to those in the textbook.

49. Teacher Information
Hyperlink Slides - Immediately after the unit title slide, a page (usually slide #4 or #5) can be found listing all of the module’s subsections. While in slide show mode, clicking on any of these hyperlinks will take the user directly to the beginning of that subsection. This allows teachers quick access to each subsection.
Continuity slides - Throughout this presentations there are slides, usually of graphics or tables, that build on one another. These are included for three purposes.
By presenting information in small chunks, students will find it easier to process and remember the concepts.
By continually changing slides, students will stay interested in the presentation.
To facilitate class discussion and critical thinking. Students should be encouraged to think about “what might come next” in the series of slides.
Please feel free to contact me at with any questions, concerns, suggestions, etc. regarding these presentations.
Kent Korek
Germantown High School
Germantown, WI 53022

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