1. Emergency Cycle
WFP Logistics, We Deliver

2. Lesson Plan: Emergency Cycle
LEARNING OBJECTIVE/S:
By the end of the session, participants will be able to:
Outline the phases of an emergency and key responses associated with them.
Describe the basic needs of disaster affected population and prioritisation during emergencies
Describe the push and pull strategy and application of humanitarian staging areas
Structure
Timing
Activities
Introduction
5 minutes
Explain lesson objectives
Emergency Phases
10 minutes
Introduce the disaster cycle and associated activities throughout the cycle. Provide example (e.g. Nargis) Ask participants to relate to their own country.
Basic Needs Within an Emergency
Outline basic needs of disaster effected population, with Maslow’s Pyramid and its relationship to prioritisation during emergencies and timescale in the initial phases of an emergency and the impacts of delays
Exercise: Prioritization
45 minutes
Assemble relief item cards on a time-line of priority based on Maslow’s Pyramid and the Generic Emergency Prioritization . Print and prepare cards in advance of the training
Humanitarian Cargo
Introduce and discuss the types of items associated with the various phases of a disaster response within the emergency cycle
Push & Pull and Humanitarian Staging Areas
Define the push-pull strategy and application in emergencies. Introduce the concept and application of international Humanitarian Staging Areas (HSA), benefits/constraints and consideration of identified/potential HSA locations. Case study – Nepal and Philippines.
Lesson End/Plenary
EVALUATION / RECAP QUESTIONS:
The facilitator should ask the questions below, or similar questions to the class to recap the lesson to ensure participants have understood the lesson content.
Outline the phases of an emergency response
What does Maslow’s pyramid tell us about beneficiaries in emergencies?
How can we measure the impact of delay?
Total Lesson Length
90 minutes
This slide is for the facilitators reference only.
This slide should be hidden from the workbook and from the class presentation
DO NOT PRINT IN WORKBOOK
DO NOT DISPLAY IN CLASS

3. Lesson Objectives
By the end of this lesson, you will be able to: 1
Outline the phases of an emergency and key responses associated with them 2
Describe the basic needs of disaster affected populations and prioritisation during emergencies 3
Describe the push and pull strategy and application of humanitarian staging areas

4. Emergency Cycle Search and Rescue Rebuilding and Reconstruction
Needs assessment
Resource Mobilization
Relief
Rebuilding and Reconstruction
Event
Response
Recovery
Preparedness
Mitigation
Monitor events
Forecasting
Stockpiling
Contingency Planning
Logistics Capacity Assessment
Lessons learned
Mitigation

5. Generic Emergency Prioritisation (the “rule of three”)
Prioritization
Self-
Actual-
isation
Pursue Talent, Creativity, Fulfillment
Self-Esteem Achievement, Mastery Recognition
Belonging Friends, Family, Community
Safety Security, Shelter
Physiological Food, Water, Warmth
Generic Emergency Prioritisation (the “rule of three”)
Maslow’s Pyramid
Food
(Weeks)
Water
(Days)
Heat
(Hours)
Air
(Minutes)
Medical
Medical
Hierarchy of physiological needs

6. Exercise
In groups, assemble the relief items on the time-line on order of priority based on Maslow’s Pyramid and the Generic Emergency Prioritization
30 minutes to prioritize
15 minutes to present/discuss
DO NOT PRINT IN WORKBOOK

7. Various Relief Items

8. Humanitarian Cargo Relief Items Food Commodities Medical Items
Housing & Shelter Items
WASH Items
Food commodities
Operational Support Equipment
Dangerous Items
Food Commodities
Cereals/Cereal Blends
Oils
Salt
Sugar
Pulses
Fortified Foods
RTUF

9. Need-to-Delivery Time Donation-to-delivery Donation-to-delivery
Beneficiary
Needs Assessment
Request Made
Request Processed
Donation-to-delivery
Donation-to-delivery
Information Time
&
Movement Time
Beneficiary
Supply
Goods Moved

10. First few days – Needs not clearly defined
Logistics Preparedness
Push & Pull
First few days – Needs not clearly defined
Push
Pull
First few weeks – Needs defined

11. Humanitarian Staging Area
Logistics Preparedness
Humanitarian Staging Area
Push-Pull Boundary
Push Strategy
Pull Strategy
Raw Materials
End Customer
Staging Area
Simchi-Levi et al. 2008: 190

12. Staging Area Example: IFRC Haiti
Logistics Preparedness
Staging Area Example: IFRC Haiti 1 3
Inbound
Consolidation
Outbound 2
IFRC considered three different options for a staging area for the 2010 Haiti earthquake operation: Miami, Panama and Santo Domingo.

13. Staging Area Example: IFRC Haiti
Logistics Preparedness
Staging Area Example: IFRC Haiti
Advantages
Disadvantages
Santo Domingo
Cheapest option
Short lead time to Haiti
Potential to build national society
Coordination with other actors
Likely congestion
Potentially hazardous: earthquakes, security
Customs clearance limitations
Miami
Advanced infrastructure of major shipping port
Regular services to Haiti and Santo Domingo
Cost and time of setting up new office
Estimated most expensive option
Panama
Advanced Infrastructure of major shipping port
Support structure and operating knowledge already in place
Longest distance to Haiti
Not least cost option

14. Prioritization V O L U M E Food Other than Food
Shift from air to surface
Shift from kits to single/customized items
72hrs
2 wks.
3-4wks
8wks

15. DO NOT PRINT IN WORKBOOK
Recap Lesson
Recap Lesson
Questions: 1
Outline the phases of an emergency response
DO NOT PRINT IN WORKBOOK 2
What does Maslow’s pyramid tell us about beneficiaries in emergencies?

16. Questions
WFP Logistics, We Deliver