1. Warm Up 8/22 What is Science? What is SI mean?
What is the SI unit for mass?
What is the 1000g in SI Units called?
What is Scientific Notation?

2. Beginning Science Knowledge

3. What is Science? Dictionary.com’s definition
systematic knowledge of the physical or material world gained through observation and experimentation.

4. International System of Units Meters, liters, grams
SI Units
International System of Units
Meters, liters, grams

5. Metric System Kilo 1000 x103 Hecto 100 x102 Deca 10 x10 Base 1
deci x10-1
centi x10-2
mili x10-3
Meters
Liters
Grams

6. K H D B d c m

7. Math Time What is an exponent? 10x10= 10 ^ 2= 10 x 10 x 10= 10 ^ 3 =

8. Scientific Notation
Another way of writing a large number or very small number
1,000,000= 1 x 106
5.48 x 10-3=
= 9.83 x 1012
= 2.93 x 10-27

9. Warm Up 8/23/16 What is the value of: 8 x 10^5 9.39 x 10^-3

10. Unit 1 Vocabulary Unbalanced Force Balanced Force Friction Gravity
Speed
Average Speed
Velocity
Acceleration
Force
Newton
Net Force
Unbalanced Force
Balanced Force
Friction
Gravity
Mass
Weight
Inertia
Momentum

11. Speed- the rate of motion an object travels a certain distance over a certain time
Average Speed- overall speed of an object
Velocity- speed and direction of an object’s motion
Acceleration- The rate at which an object’s speed changes
Force- Push or Pull
Newton- measurement used for Force
Weight- Amount of matter times the force of gravity
Momentum- Force of a moving object
Net Force- Total Sum of Forces applied to an object
Unbalanced Force- Forces which make an object move
Balanced Force- Force which causes the object to not move
Friction- Force that two surfaces exert on one another
Gravity- Force which causes objects to move closer to one another based on mass
Mass- amount of matter an object has
Inertia- Resistance to change of motion (resting and moving)

12. Warm Up 8/24 What is the Value of: 5.89 x 107 2.47 x 10-4
What is the Scientific Notation of:
894032

13. Warm Up 8/25 What is the Scientific Notation of 1234567890?
What is the value of 1.23 x 10-4?
What is the difference between speed and velocity?
What word means a push or pull?
What is the definition of Mass?

14. Speed, Force, Mass
8.P.2A.1- Plan and conduct controlled scientific investigations to test how varying the amount of force or mass of an object affects the motion (speed and direction), shape, or orientation of an object

15. Speed/Mass/Force Defined
Speed- Rate at which an object moves over a certain distance over a certain time
Miles/Hour
Meters/Second
Mass- Size of an object
Kilograms
Grams
Force- Strength or Power exerted upon an object
Newtons

16. Mass
A massive object is in motion, more force must be applied to accelerate more quickly
5000 Kg car is moving at 10 m/s from 1000N of force, apply another 1000N its going to go faster
1 Kg ball is rolling at 2 ft/s with 10 N of Force, apply 2 more N it will go faster
Same Force applied to 2 objects, the object with smaller mass will accelerate more quickly
10 Kg Block and 1 Kg Block, Apply 10 lbs of Force to both blocks, 1 Kg will accelerate more quickly
Baseball and bowling ball are thrown with the same about of Force, the baseball will speed up faster
To Slow Down or stop a more massive object, the force must be greater than a less massive object to stop
If the same braking force is applied to a small car and a large truck, the car will slow down more quickly
It is more difficult to change the direction of a heavy moving object, than one that is lighter in mass
Semi Truck, Go Cart
Car Accelerator

17. Speed Measure of how fast something moves a particular distance
Rate of Change of the position of an object
How far something will move in a given period of time
Velocity- Vector (Dispicable Me)
Speed doesn’t equal fast movement
Ricky Bobby
Acceleration is the rate an object changes speed
Car accelerator
Vector- Magnitude (Amount) and Direction

18. Force
If an object is in motion, and more force is applied, the faster it goes
Acceleration (change in speed)
2 objects have the same mass and a greater force is applied to one of the objects, that object will change speed more quickly
If an object must be slowed down quickly, The force applied to that object must be greater than what is need for a gradual slowing down
Greater the force applied to the brakes of a car, more quicky it will slow down or stop
Varying the amount of force applied to a moving object can also change the direction that the object is moving more or less quickly
Baseball is pitched toward a batter may quickly change direction and speed if hit very hard, or may change direction and speed more slowly if hit softly as with a bunt

19. Warm Up 8/26 What is the amount of matter an object has?
What is momentum?
What is the amount of matter an object has?
What does a Newton measure?

20. Warm Up 8/29 What is the definition of Gravity
What is the definition of Force
What is the differences between speed, average speed, and velocity

21. Warm Up 8/30
What is the rate of change, of a position of an object over a given period of time?
What is the amount of matter an object has?
 What is the Scientific Notation for ? 
What does a Newton measure?

22. NEWTON’s Laws of MOTION
An object at Rest/Motion will stay at Rest/Motion unless an outside force is applied
Law of Inertia
For a mass to accelerate, you need a force
F=ma
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

23. A car with a mass of 1500Kg is accelerating at a rate of 20 m/s2,what is the Force?
A baseball is thrown with a force of 100 Newtons with an acceleration of 5 m/s2, What is the mass?
A football player with a mas of 300kg starts running with a force of 300 Newtons. What is his acceleration?

24. Shape
Force
Change in shape depends on magnitude of the force that is acting on it
Car Crash
Mass
Change in shape depends on the mass of object colliding with the object
Heavy Truck colliding with a tiny car

25. Orientation Refers to relative position of an object Force
Force can cause an object’s orientation to change
Faster rate collision will cause more change than not
Mass
Change in orientation can occur when a heavier object collides with a lighter object
Heavy objects collides with lighter objects, lighter car will have more noticeable change

26. Warm Up 9/2
What are 5 things you’ve learned in this unit in science class?

27. Equation Practice
Anna ran at a speed of 2 m/s for 60 seconds. How far did she run?
George weighs N. What is the force of gravity?
Brandon threw a 80 Kg bag of potatoes with an acceleration of 5 m/s2. What was the Force behind his throw?
Jodie ran 1000 meters in 50 seconds. What was her Velocity?
Katherine’s car broke down on the highway. It takes 590 N of Force to tow the car out at 2m/s2. What is the mass of Greg’s car
Greg can carry something which has a mass of 75Kg. How much weight is that?
Sherry is in a high speed chase. She is traveling 150 m/s for 5000m. How much time was the chase?

28. Warm Up 9/6 What is Newton’s First Law of Motion
What is Newton’s Second Law of Motion?
What is Newton’s Third Law of Motion?
What did you do over the Labor day weekend?

29. Forces
Standard 8.P.2A.2
Develop and use models to compare and predict the resulting effect of balanced and unbalanced forces on an object’s motion in terms of magnitude and direction

30. Forces are vectors (Magnitude and Direction)
Arrows
Length describing how much force
Arrow Point to show Direction
Using Arrows
The resulting force (Net Force) and direction can be determined
2 types of forces
Balanced Forces
Unbalanced Forces

31. Balanced Forces
Acting on an object in opposite directions and Equal in strength
Cause no change in speed of an object
ZERO MOVEMENT
10 N N

32. Unbalanced Forces Not Equal
Will cause motion of an object to change speed and direction
2 Unbalanced Forces are exerted in opposite directions, Combined force is equal to the difference of the 2 forces
subtract
Magnitude and Direction of the net force affects the resulting motion

33. Combined force is exerted in the direction of the larger force
Unbalanced Forces are exerted in the same direction, Combined force is equal to the sum of the 2 forces
Add the 2 forces

34. Balanced and Unbalanced Forces
No Net Force, No change of motion
Net Force is equal on both sides, No Movement
Net Force is Unbalanced, Object will move in the direction the greater force is going

35. Who came up with the Three Laws of Motion?
Warm Up 9/7
Who came up with the Three Laws of Motion?
What is an example of a balanced force in this room?
What is an example of an unbalanced force?

36. Warm Up 9/8 What are Newton’s Three Laws of Motion, Put in order
Why is it important to study forces?

37. Warm Up 9/9: List all the forces you see

38. Warm Up 9/12 On a Scrap Sheet of paper
What are Newton’s 3 Laws of Motion?
Why are they Laws?

39. Law of Inertia
8.P.2A.3 Construct explanation for the relationship between the mass of an object and the concept of inertia (Newton’s First Law of Motion

40. Newton’s First Law of Motion
Object at rest will stay at rest…
Object in motion will stay in motion…
Unless External Forces are applied

41. Inertia
Inertia is the tendency of the motion of an object to remain constant in terms of both speed and direction
Amount of inertia that an object has depends on the object’s mass. The more mass an object has, the more inertia
Large Mass = More Inertia
Hard to slow down
Hard to stop
Hard start
Hard to Speed Up
Hard to change direction

42. Momentum The Moving Force of a body that is in motion P=mv
Momentum= Mass x Velocity (speed and direction)

43. Lab Objective: How does mass affect inertia? Materials: Meter stick
Hypothesis: Who in the group will need more distance to stop?
Directions: You will have a group of 4-5
Each group member will run at full speed at 10m 3x
Record the number of meters each participant runs past the 10 m mark.
From the front of the chair to the front of the foot furthest away from the chair
You should run as fast as you can

44. Analyze your data: Who stopped the farthest away from the chair, Who stopped closest, any other questions you or other people may have about the experiment… Was your hypothesis correct? Why or why not?
Conclusion: What could have made you stop quicker, what was the environment like, etc.

45. Warm Up 9/13
What is “for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction”
What is “For an object to move, you need a force”
What is “An object in motion/rest will stay in motion/rest unless acted on by an outside force”
List the equations we have covered so far.

46. Warm Up 9/14 What is the definition of Inertia?
What is the definition of momentum?
Which of Newton’s Three Laws is the Law of Action and Reaction?
Which of Newton’s Three Laws is the Law of Inertia?
What do each of the variables mean? a V F P t

47. Warm Up 9/15
Write 5 things you’ve learned about the Forces and Motion Unit

48. Newton’s Third law of motion
8-P.2A.4 Analyze and interpret data to support claims that for every force exerted on an object there is an equal force exerted in the opposite direction (Newton’s Third Law of Motion)

49. Newton’s third law of motion
“When one object exerts a force on a second object, the second one exerts a force on the first that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction
Law of Action and Reaction
Though Equal in Magnitude and Opposite in Direction, Forces do not cancel each other out
Each object is exerting 1 force, Each experiencing 1 force

50. Examples Swimmer Boat Ball thrown at the Wall

51. Warm up 9/19 What is an unbalanced force? What is speed?
What is velocity?
What is acceleration?

52. Warm Up 9/20 What is gravity? What is friction?
Why do you think we need gravity?
Why do you think we need friction?

53. Gravity and Friction
8.P.2A.5 Analyze and interpret data to describe and predict the effects of forces (including gravitational and friction) on the speed and direction of an object

54. Gravity
Force that always attracts or pulls objects toward each other without direct contact or impact
Gravitational attraction depends on the mass of the 2 objects and the distance they are apart
Objects on Earth are pulled toward the center of Earth
G can cause changes in speed of objects
As an object falls its speed will continually increase as Earth’s gravity continually pulls it downward
All objects will speed up at the same rate as they fall (without air resistance)

55. G can cause an object that is thrown into the air to change its upward motion, slow down, and fall back toward Earth’s surface
Pull of Earth’s gravity keeps the Moon in orbit
Moon is constantly changing direction

56. Friction Force that occurs when one object rubs against another object
2 factors determine the amount of friction
Kind of surfaces
Force pressing the surfaces together
Force that acts to resist sliding between 2 surfaces that are touching
Slow down or stop the motion of an object
Slowing force of friction always acts in the direction opposite to the force causing the motion

57. Force that makes it difficult to start an object moving
Enough force must be applied to a nonmoving object to overcome the friction between the touching surfaces
Smoother the 2 surfaces, less friction there is between the 2
Object will slow down less quickly
Friction can be reduced in order for objects to move more easily by smoothing surfaces
No friction, object will continue to move

58. Greater the force pushing the 2 surfaces together, the stronger friction prevents the surfaces from moving
Heavier objects, the greater the force of friction
A greater force must be applied to overcome friction between heavier objects

59. Equations w = mg a= (Vf – Vi ) / t = ΔV/t Static Friction= not moving
g= 9.8 m/s2
a= (Vf – Vi ) / t = ΔV/t
Acceleration= (final Velocity – initial Velocity) / time
Acceleration= Change in Velocity / time
Static Friction= not moving
Sliding Friction
Rolling Friction
Fluid Friction

60. Warm Up 9/21 How does Gravity affect Motion?
How does Friction affect Motion?
What is the equation dealing with gravity?

61. Warm Up 9/22 What force adds to friction?
What is the rate of free fall without air resistance?
What is an attractive force based on mass?
What are the four types of friction?

62. Warm Up 9/23 What is Velocity? What is the x axis of a graph?
What is the y axis of a graph?
What is the definition of acceleration?

63. Graphing Motion
8.P.2A.6 Use mathematical and computational thinking to generate graphs that represent the motion of an object’s position and speed as a function of time

64. Motion
Occurs when there is a change in position of an object with respect to a reference starting point
The final position of an object is determined by measuring the change in position and direction of the segments along a trip

65. Position Location of an object
Object changes position if it moves relative to a reference point
Change in position is determined by the distance and direction of an object’s change in position from the starting point
Displacement

66. Direction
Line or path along which something is moving, pointing, or aiming
Measured using a reference point
Up, down, left, right, forward, backward, toward, away from north, south, east, or west

67. Position-Time Graphs
Used to show change in an object’s location over time
Time (independent variable) is plotted on the x-axis (horizontal)
Position (dependent variable) is plotted on the y-axis

68. Speed Slope of the line can tell the relative speed of the object
Slope of the line is steep, the speed is faster than if the slope is more flat
Flatter the slope means the slower the speed
Horizontal slope means speed is zero (not moving)

69. Average Speed
8.P.2A.7 Use mathematical and computational thinking to describe the relationship between the speed and velocity (including positive and negative expression of direction) of an object in determining average speed (v=d/t)

70. Average Speed Average Speed – Overall Speed of an object
Speed of the object may vary during the total time it is moving, the average speed is the result of the total distance divided by the total time taken.
Speed Measurements contain a unit of distance divided by a unit of time
Mph, Miles per Hour, Meters per second (m/s)

71. Average Speed can be calculated using the formula v=d/t
V is the average speed
D is the total distance or length of the path
T is time taken to cover the path
Speed cannot have a negative value
Velocity= speed and direction of an object

72. A velocity value should have both speed units and direction units
If an object is moving forward or up, it has positive velocity
If an object is moving backwards or down, it has negative velocity
Still a positive number