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Study Guide for Design and Modeling Quiz

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1 Study Guide for Design and Modeling Quiz

2 Introduction to Engineering
Gateway To Technology Unit 1 – Lesson 1.1 – What is Engineering? Engineer Engineer uses scientific, technological, and mathematical knowledge to solve practical problems. Engineers strive to make our lives better, easier, cheaper, more efficient, and more fun by solving problems in everyday life.

3 Engineers Can Do Anything
Introduction to Engineering Gateway To Technology Unit 1 – Lesson 1.1 – What is Engineering? Engineers Can Do Anything Invention – Develop a new product, system, or process that has never existed before Innovation – Improve an existing technological product, system, or method Invent Build Design Analyze Orchestrate Create Conceive Evaluate Improve

4 Early Measurement History
PLTW Gateway Unit 1– Lesson 1.3 – Measurement The Cubit The cubit was the measurement used by the Egyptians to build the pyramids. The cubit is the measure from your elbow to the tip of your middle finger when your arm is extended.

5 Early Measurement History
PLTW Gateway Unit 1– Lesson 1.3 – Measurement The Fathom The fathom was used by seamen to measure the depth of water so that boats would not run aground and be stranded. The fathom is the measure from fingertip to fingertip when your arms are stretched sideways as far as they will go. You sometimes see a rope or fabric measured in this way.

6 Early Measurement History
PLTW Gateway Unit 1– Lesson 1.3 – Measurement The Hand-span The hand-span was used to measure the height of horses. People still describe horses as being so many hands high. The hand-span is the measure from the tip of your pinky to the tip of your thumb when your hand is stretched out.

7 Early Measurement History
PLTW Gateway Unit 1– Lesson 1.3 – Measurement The Pace This term was used by the Roman army to judge speed. The term is still used frequently during various types of foot races. The pace is the measure of distance from one step to another.

8 Early Measurement History
PLTW Gateway Unit 1– Lesson 1.3 – Measurement The Foot A measurement equal to the length of an individuals foot. King Henry 1 standardized this measurement, because his foot was 12 inches long.

9 Early Measurement History
PLTW Gateway Unit 1– Lesson 1.3 – Measurement The Girth Girth was a measurement often used to measure fishing line. The girth was the measurement around one’s stomach (your belt measure).

10 Early Measurement History
PLTW Gateway Unit 1– Lesson 1.3 – Measurement The Palm The palm is the width of your four fingers when they are placed together.

11 Technology the application of knowledge, using resources, to meet human needs/wants and solve problems. Exponential The rate at which technology changes

12 Need - Something you have to have to survive.
STEMCenter for Teaching & Learning™ Engineering byDesign™ 12/01/2009 Needs and Wants Need - Something you have to have to survive. Want - Something to make our things easier or entertaining. If using one, the teacher can post the Words to Know on a Word Wall. Remind students to fill out Student Resource 1.1.1, “Words to Know” © International Technology Education Assoc Slide #12

13 Design Process Define the Problem Generate Concepts Develop a Solution
Construct and Test a Prototype Evaluate the Solution Present the Solution This design process was developed based on the University of Maryland - College Park - IRB Research Project

14 Define the Problem Identify a problem Validate the problem
Who says it is a problem? Needs and wants Prior solutions Justify the problem Is the problem worth solving? Create design requirements (specifications) Criteria and constraints Design Brief

15 Define the Problem Design Brief
A written plan that identifies a problem to be solved, its criteria, and its constraints. Used to encourage thinking of all aspects of a problem before attempting a solution.

16 Generate Concepts Research Brainstorm possible solutions
Presentation Name Course Name Unit # – Lesson #.# – Lesson Name Generate Concepts Research Brainstorm possible solutions Consider additional design goals Apply STEM principles Select an approach Decision Matrix When generating concepts the designer should research past solutions and brainstorm new ideas. During the brainstorming process, additional design goals that will enhance the design may become apparent. As in all steps of the Design Process, the designer should apply STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) principles. Once you have generated multiple possible solutions, narrow your efforts to one (or a few) solution paths. One method of selecting an approach is the use of a Decision Matrix.

17 Develop a Solution Create detailed design solution
Justify the solution path Technical Drawings

18 Construct and Test a Prototype
Construct a testable prototype Plan prototype testing Performance Usability Durability Test prototype collect test data analyze test data Test Report

19 Evaluate the Solution Evaluate solution effectiveness
Reflect on design Recommend improvements Optimize/Redesign the solution [Return to prior design process steps, if necessary] Revise design documents Project Recommendations

20 Tools for Precision Measuring
PLTW Gateway® Unit 1 – Lesson 1.3 – Measuring Digital Caliper One of the most common tools for reverse engineering is the dial caliper because of its versatility. Dial Caliper

21 Inside Measuring Faces
Precision Measuring PLTW Gateway® Unit 1 – Lesson 1.3 – Measuring Dial Caliper Parts Inside Measuring Faces Dial Clamp Screw Blade Fine Adjustment Screw Dial Adjustment Screw Outside Measuring Faces

22 { The dial caliper is a precision measuring instrument.
Reading a Dial Caliper PLTW Gateway® Unit 1 – Lesson 1.3 – Measuring The dial caliper is a precision measuring instrument. The caliper’s blade graduations are in inches and tenths (.1) of an inch. inch { Each inch is broken into ten, for .1 of an inch.

23 The caliper’s dial graduations are
Precision Measuring Reading a Dial Caliper PLTW Gateway® Unit 1 – Lesson 1.3 – Measuring The caliper’s dial graduations are in thousandths (.001) of an inch. The reference edge keeps track of larger increments; the dial is for smaller increments.

24 One full revolution of the pointer on the dial equals
Precision Measuring PLTW Gateway® Unit 1 – Lesson 1.3 – Measuring One full revolution of the pointer on the dial equals one hundred thousandths (.100).

25 2 Step 1 Read inches from the blade 1 in. – 6 in.
Precision Measuring Reading a Dial Caliper PLTW Gateway® Unit 1 – Lesson 1.3 – Measuring Step 1 Read inches from the blade 2 1 in. – 6 in.

26 2 3 Step 2 Read tenths of an inch from the blade 1 in. – 6 in.
Precision Measuring Reading a Dial Caliper PLTW Gateway® Unit 1 – Lesson 1.3 – Measuring Step 2 Read tenths of an inch from the blade 2 3 1 in. – 6 in. .0 in. -.9 in.

27 2 3 2 8 Step 3 Read thousandths of an inch from the dial 1 in. – 6 in.
Precision Measuring Reading a Dial Caliper PLTW Gateway® Unit 1 – Lesson 1.3 – Measuring Step 3 Read thousandths of an inch from the dial 2 3 2 8 1 in. – 6 in. .0 in.- .9 in. .001 in in.

28 Dial Calipers Measure Thickness or Outside Diameter
Precision Measuring PLTW Gateway® Unit 1 – Lesson 1.3 – Measuring Dial Calipers Measure Thickness or Outside Diameter

29 Dial Calipers Measure Thickness or Outside Diameter
Precision Measuring PLTW Gateway® Unit 1 – Lesson 1.3 – Measuring Dial Calipers Measure Thickness or Outside Diameter Inside Diameter or Space Width Depth

30 Dial Calipers Measure Thickness or Outside Diameter
Precision Measuring PLTW Gateway® Unit 1 – Lesson 1.3 – Measuring Dial Calipers Measure Thickness or Outside Diameter Inside Diameter or Space Width Depth Step Distance

31 Discussion Questions List measurement tools…
Precision Measuring PLTW Gateway® Unit 1 – Lesson 1.3 – Measuring Discussion Questions List measurement tools… Steel Rule Tape Measure Dial Caliper Meter Stick Which of the tools listed would be best to use, and why, when measuring: The hallway Engineering Notebook Pencil diameter Height of your desk

32 1. Why do we use a design process?
2. Which stage of the design process do you think is most important? Why? 3. Teamwork is an important part of completing projects and design challenges. If you were working on a team, how would you contribute to the team? 4. Which team won the challenge that you viewed? Based on what you saw, how would you explain their success?

33 Define a Problem One way to Define a Problem is to use a design brief. You and your group can decide what you want to design (table or chair), who will use your piece of furniture (adult or child), and the purpose of the piece of furniture.

34 Generate Concepts Now you need to Generate Concepts. What information might you need in order to make your table or chair? Appropriate size? Appropriate materials? How much weight must it hold? What else?

35 Develop A Solution The next step is to Develop A Solution. Your teacher will provide you with graph paper for sketching your ideas. Both you and your partner should each sketch three different ideas and annotate (put notes on) your sketch where appropriate. Overall dimensions are important to include on your sketches.

36 Prototype We will not construct a Prototype. However, you and your group could have developed a small scale object of the chair. Keep this in mind as you grow as a student and future projects.

37 Evaluate the Solution This is where we test and look at product before I or another faculty member sits in your chair. Be careful.

38 Present the Solution Show your project Give an explanation

39 Engineer A person who is trained in and uses technological and scientific knowledge to solve practical problems.

40 Annotate A sketch on which notes are made to provide further information.

41 Brainstorming A method of shared problem solving in which all members of a group spontaneously, and in an unrestrained discussion, generate ideas.

42 Accuracy The condition or quality of being true, correct, or exact; precision; exactness. The degree of correctness of a quantity or expression.

43 Measurement Collecting data in a quantifiable manner.

44 Introduction to Engineering
Gateway To Technology Unit 1 – Lesson 1.1 – What is Engineering? Scientists Investigate our natural world Technologists Apply science and math to designs Mathematicians Use numbers and symbols to solve problems Engineers Create our designed world STEM Working together based on societal needs and wants Our knowledge-based economy is driven by constant innovation. The foundation of innovation lies in a dynamic, motivated, and well-educated workforce equipped with STEM skills. However, the nature of our workforce and the needs of our industries have changed over time. Today, an understanding of scientific and mathematical principles, a working knowledge of computer hardware and software, and the problem solving skills developed by courses in STEM are necessary for most jobs. Therefore, STEM education is an enormous and pressing need.

45 Engineer Career Worksheet
The Students will complete A to Z worksheet about Engineering careers A to Z.

46 Caliper A measuring tool with two usually adjustable jaws used especially to measure thickness or diameter.

47 Divisor The number below the line in a fraction.

48 Diameter A straight line passing from side to side through the center of a circle or sphere.

49 Metric System The decimal measuring system based on the meter, liter, and gram as units of length, capacity, and weight or mass.

50 Numerator The number above the line in a fraction showing how many of the parts indicated by the denominator is taken.

51 Precision The degree to which several measurements or calculations show the same or similar results. 

52 Unit A standard quantity in terms of which other quantities may be expressed.

53 PBS Kids Cardboard furniture
1. Why do we use a design process? 2. Which stage of the design process do you think is most important? Why? 3. Teamwork is an important part of completing projects and design challenges. If you were working on a team, how would you contribute to the team? 4. Which team won the challenge that you viewed? Based on what you saw, how would you explain their success?

54 Cardboard Furniture Video

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