1. Confidential - Fred Litwin 2016
Whistleblower or ?
Fred Litwin
Confidential - Fred Litwin 2016

2. The Economist, December 2015
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4. Whistleblowing and Crime
Some whistleblowers have accomplices. Daniel Ellsberg had an accomplice, Anthony Russo, who worked at Rand Corporation.
Whistleblowers sometimes enter into elaborate conspiracies. In 1971, eight whistle-blowers broke into an FBI office and stole all the files.
Philip Agee left the CIA in 1969 and provided names of agents to KGB in Cuba. He still wanted to known as a whistleblower.
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Bradley Birkenfeld
Provided information about a UBS program designed to hide assets in Switzerland. Led to the recovery of $5 billion in unpaid taxes and $780 million in fines.
Paid $104 million by the IRS in 2012.
Birkenfeld was charged, convicted and sentenced to 40 months in prison for his own role in the scheme.
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9. Where does whistleblowing start? And end?
When does whistleblowing morph into illegality?
Or, does illegality morph into whistleblowing?
How does motive figure into all this? State of mind? Timing of disclosures?
Will criminals whistleblow to end up with a settlement?
Confidential - Fred Litwin 2016

10. “All men should have a drop of treason in their veins”
Rebecca West in 1964
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Bradley Manning
Confidential - Fred Litwin 2016

12. Bradley Manning Whistleblower
Leaked videos of the July 12, 2007 Baghdad airstrike. Published on WikiLeaks on April 5, Video shows two helicopters firing on a group of 10 men in Baghdad. Two were Reuters employees. Also fired on a van that had stopped to help the wounded people and wounded two children and killed their father.
In 2011, Manning awarded a “whistleblowerpreis” by the German section of the International Association of Lawyers Against Nuclear Arms and the Federation of German Scientists.
Confidential - Fred Litwin 2016

13. Bradley (now Chelsea) Manning
“The most alarming aspect of the video to me, however, was the seemingly delightful bloodlust the aerial weapons team....They dehumanised the individuals they were engaging and seemed to not value human life by referring to them as ‘dead bastards’, and congratulating each other on the ability to kill in large numbers.”
Bradley (now Chelsea) Manning
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15. Bradley Manning Whistleblower?
Leaked videos of the July 12, 2007 Baghdad airstrike, the 2009 Granai airstrike in Afghanistan, 251,287 U.S. diplomatic cables, 482,832 Army reports known as the Iraq War Logs, and 91,000 documents from the Afghanistan database.
The largest leak of classified material in the Defense Department history.
Over 900 Afghans were named in the War Logs. Many stopped their cooperation after the leaks.
Originally went to Washington Post and New York Times but was turned down and then went to WikiLeaks.
Five major new organizations – New York Times, The Guardian, El Pais, Le Monde, and Der Spiegel – partnered with WikiLeaks to run stories based on the documents.
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Julian Assange
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Assange Politics
Australia
Formed the WikiLeaks Party in 2012.
Aligned with a variety of far-right parties, including Australia First.
Won 1.2% of the vote in Australia.
Russia
Vowed in October 2010 to release secrets of all repressive regimes, telling Izvestia that “we have [compromising material] about your government and businessmen.”
FSB told Russian news that “It’s essential to remember that given the will and the relevant orders [WikiLeaks] can be made inaccessible forever.”
We’ve never seen any of those Russian documents.
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23. Assange leaks personal information…
Hack of the Democratic Party this past summer included were social security numbers and credit card data of private individuals.
In 2010, the New York Times, The Guardian, and Der Spiegel argued about redacting names of Afghan informants. They did, but Assange disagreed, saying “if an Afghan civilian helps coalition forces, he deserves to die.”
Released s from the AKP, Turkey’s ruling party, which had personal information of more than one million Turkish women.
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“We knew about the spies and the people who collaborate with U.S. forces. We will investigate through our own secret service whether the people mentioned are really spies working for the U.S. If they are U.S. spies, then we know how to punish them.” Zabihullah Mujahid, spokesman for the Taliban
Confidential - Fred Litwin 2016

27. Other dubious WikiLeaks leaks…
In July 2015, WikiLeaks published an NSA intercept of a meeting between French President Francois Holland held with the German Social Democrats to discuss the Greek debt crisis. Timed to harm relations between the two countries.
U.S. diplomatic cables were provided to the Dictator of Belarus who then cracked down on dissidents. The Belarus-Telegraf, a state newspaper, said that WikiLeaks had allowed the state to identify the “organisers, instigators and rioters, including foreign ones” who had protested the rigged election.
In Ethiopia, Arqa Ashine, a reporter had to flee the country and WikiLeaks revealed that he had spoken to the American Embassy about the regime’s plans to intimidate the press.
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Edward Snowden
On Board of Directors of the Freedom of the Press Foundation.
Object of an Oliver Stone film.
Consultant to the TV Series Homeland.
Nominated for a Nobel Peace Prize in 2014.
Over one million followers in Twitter.
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32. Edward Snowden Whistleblower
Disclosed PRISM PowerPoint presentation (41 slides). This was a joint FBI-NSA-CIA operation.
Interception of foreign targets as their electronic data passes into or through the United States. 98% of all PRISM production is based on Yahoo, Google, and Microsoft.
FISA court warrant issued by Judge Roger Vinson on April 25, 2013 which ordered Verizon to turn over to the FBI all its billing records of landline customers for next ninety days.
Confidential - Fred Litwin 2016

33. Snowden’s Whistleblowing?
Stole 1.7 million documents from the Signals Intelligence Center in Hawaii.
Military files compromised include:
Military plans and weapons systems.
Foreign governments’ intelligence activities.
Intelligence sources.
Methods of cryptology.
Scientific and technological matters relating to national security.
Vulnerable systems, installations, infrastructures, projects, plans, and protection services related to national security.
Development, production, or use of WMD.
Confidential - Fred Litwin 2016

34. Snowden’s Whistleblowing?
FISA document was only issued in the last week of April 2013, four months after Snowden contacted Glenn Greenwald and nine months after he began illegally copying secret documents.
PRISM document was only issued in April 2013.
Does timing play a role in whistleblowing? Was his whistleblowing a cover for something else?
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“Russia, Venezuela, Nicaragua, and Ecuador have my gratitude and respect for being the first to stand against human rights violations carried out by the powerful rather than the powerless.” Edward Snowden, at the Russian airport
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40. William Binney, NSA whistleblower in USA Today June 16, 2013
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The Effects
250 intelligence officers worked day and night for four months to assess the compromise of intelligence.
Many NSA operations in China, Russia, North Korea, and Iran were shut down.
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“Within weeks of the leaks, terrorist organizations around the world were already starting to modify their actions in light of what Snowden disclosed. Communications sources dried up, tactics were changed. Terrorists moved to more secure communications platforms, they are using encryption, and they are avoiding electronic communications altogether. ISIS was one of the terrorist groups that learned from Snowden, and it is clear his actions played a role in the rise of ISIS. In short, Snowden has made the United States and our allies considerably less safe. I do not say this lightly: Americans may well die at the hands of terrorists because of Edward Snowden’s actions.” Michael Morrell, CIA Deputy Director
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“These secrets he took [from Booz Allen] are of value to no one but Russia, China, and maybe North Korea, because these secrets are basically the lists of computers in Russia, China, and North Korea which [the U.S.] managed to compromise and tap into.” Edward Jay Epstein
Confidential - Fred Litwin 2016

46. Are Snowden’s documents in the hands of the Russians?
Countermeasures were implemented by adversaries moved to block secret sources of NSA surveillance.
NSA lost part of its capabilities to follow Russian troop movements in the Crimea and Eastern Ukraine.
Russian units managed to hide all electronic traces of their preparations to move into Crimea in 2014.
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“Let’s be frank. Snowden did share intelligence. This is what security services do. If there’s a possibility to get information, they will get it.” Deputy chairman of the Russian Duma’s defense and security committee
Confidential - Fred Litwin 2016

48. Snowden’s Russian Lawyer Anatoly Kucherena
Shevardnaze: So he [Snowden] does have some materials that haven’t been made public yet? Kucherena: Certainly. Interview on RT.
Confidential - Fred Litwin 2016

49. 1989 Whistleblower Protection Act
Does not exempt insiders from the legal consequences of disclosing classified documents contrary to their secrecy oath.
Other NSA whistleblowers had not intentionally taken any NSA documents.
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“The NSA, pre-Snowden, possessed the ability, in principle, to look into your phone calls; even so, you were not persecuted. Big Brother evinced no interest in being Big Brother. The NSA looked for terrorists and for Chinese and Russian conspiracies and such, and tried not at all to limit or shape the political debate in any of the democratic countries. Nor did anyone in government try to limit or shape your political opinions. The despotism of the NSA did not exist.” Paul Berman, Tablet Magazine
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