1. Bellwork:
Successful Leader
Minilesson:
The Rise of the Roman Empire
Work Time:
“Gladiator” trade scene
The Roads of the Roman Empire worksheet
Homework:
Current Event Cartoon Friday

2. Julius Caesar Takes Control
The Triumvirate
Military leader Julius Caesar elected consul in 59 B.C.
Caesar, Crassus (wealthy), Pompey (general) form a triumvirate—a group of three rulers

3. Julius Caesar Takes Control
Becomes a Dictator
names himself governor of Gaul and conquers region
- loyalty from his men
- popularity from Romans
Pompey encourages Senate  order Caesar to disband his legion
Caesar ignores and marches to Rome  Pompey flees
- defeats Pompey’s armies
returns and named dictator for life in 44 B.C.

4. Caesar’s Reforms makes reforms - wider citizenship - jobs for poor
- increases pay for soldiers
Group of senators fear loss of power and influence
- stabbed to death on floor of the Senate March 15, 44 B.C. (“Ides of March”)

5. Caesar’s Reforms 43 B.C., Caesar’s supporters take control
- Second Triumvirate
alliance ends in jealousy, violence
31 B.C., Mark Antony and Cleopatra’s forces are defeated by Octavian’s
Octavian accepts title of Augustus, “exalted one,” and rules Rome

6. A Vast and Powerful Empire
Pax Romana (Rome’s Golden Age)
under Augustus, Rome becomes an empire (dictator)
Rome enjoys 207 years of peace and prosperity known as Pax Romana

7. A Vast and Powerful Empire
A Sound Government
Augustus, Rome’s ablest ruler, creates lasting system of government
- glorifies Rome with beautiful public buildings
- sets up a civil service—(paid people to administer the empire)
Senate functioned but real power rested with plebeians

8. A Vast and Powerful Empire
Agriculture and Trade
most important industry in empire
common coin makes trade w/in empire easier
vast trading network, includes China and India
- Mediterranean sea
- roads links empire

9. The Roman World Slaves and Captivity
significant part of Roman life in cities and farms
some slaves become gladiators
- forced to fight to death

11. The Roman World Society and Culture rich live well
most people are poor
- receive grain from government
150 holidays and Colosseum events created to distract the masses