2. EFFECTS OF SMOKING ON THE FETUS
Research Team Members
Elif Gülin Yılmazkaya,İrem Bulguroğlu,Uğur Akkılıç
5 May, 2017
This presentation is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for PSYC 374
Biological Psychology,
METU-NCC
Spring 2017

3. The Objectives of this Presentation
Gaining awaraness about the side effects of smoking on fetus
Encouraging mother to think about quitting strategies of smoking
3. Increasing knowledge about irrevocable impacts after birth

4. Overview of this Presentation
1. How smoking influence fetus in placenta?
2. After birth what happens to baby ?
What happens if mother keep smoking after the baby is born ?
3. Quitting strategies during and after pregnancy
4. Summary and Conclusion

5. 15 to 25% of women smoke during pregnancy

6. How Smoking Influences Fetus

7. Lower the amount of oxygen Increase the risk of miscarriage
Raises risk that the baby is born prematurely
Increases resipratory problems
CNS effects
Congenital heart defects
Fetal Death

8. What about after birth ? Have smaller brains than other babies
Increases risk of having cleft lip 26%
A Baby with missing or deformed limbs 28%
The risk of club foot 28%
Gastrointestinal defects  27%

9. Have smaller brains than other babies

10. Increases risk of having cleft lip

11. A Baby with missing or deformed limbs

12. Clup feet

13. Gastrointestinal defects

14. What Happens If Mother Keep Smoking After The Baby Is Born ?
Frequent colds
Bronchitis and pneumonia
Asthma
Chronic cough
Ear infections
High blood pressure
Learning and Behavior problems later in childhood

16. Quitting Strategies Hide the matches, lighters , and ashtrays.
Designate the home a non-smoking area.
Ask people who smoke not to smoke around you.
Drink fewer caffeinated beverages; caffeine may stimulate the urge to smoke.
Avoid alcohol, as it may also increase the urge to smoke.
Change the habits connected with smoking.If you smoked while driving or when feeling stressed, try other activities to replace smoking.

17. Qutting Strategies Cont…
Keep mints or gums (preferably sugarless) on hand for those times when you get the urge to smoke
Stay active to keep the mind off smoking and help relieve tension
Take a walk, exercise, read a book, or try a new a hobby.
Look for support from others. Join a support group or smoking cessation program
Do not go places where many people are smoking.

18. Some Myths About Smoking and Pregnancy
There is nothing wrong with having a small baby.

19. Fact: Low birth weight babies are more likely to have serious health problems than normal weight babies. These problems can affect your baby’s health as a toddler or as an adult. Smoking during pregnancy increases the chances of having a low birth weight baby

20. I am three months pregnant. There is no point in stopping now. The damage is done.

21. Fact:There are benefits to quitting smoking at any stage of your pregnancy. If you quit now, your risk of having a low birth weight baby will be similar to that of a non-smoker. Quitting now also increases the chances your baby’s lungs will work well.

22. Smoking fewer cigarettes during pregnancy is good enough.

23. Fact: There is no safe level of smoking
Fact: There is no safe level of smoking. Even a few cigarettes a day means harmful chemicals will reach your baby and damage your health. It is never too late to quit. Quitting at any time during pregnancy is likely to reduce the bad effects of smoking on your baby.

24. Summary and Conclusion
How smoking influence fetus in placenta?
After birth what happens to baby ?
What happens if mother keep smoking after the baby is born ?
3.Quitting strategies during and after pregnancy
4.Some myths and facts

25. Questions What is the percentage of women who smoke during pregnancy ?
5 to 10 %
12 to 18 %
20 to 30 %
15 to 25 %

26. Questions
2.Which one is not the bad result of smoking during pregnancy on fetus ? A. Increases resipratory problems B. Hyperactivity C. Lower the amount of oxygen D. Increases the chances of miscarriage

27. Questions
3.After the birth what can not be seen on the baby if mother smoked during pregnancy ?
A.Club feet
B.Cleft lip
C. Abnormal facial features
D. Missing or deformed limbs

28. Answers
1.D
2.B
3.C

29. References
Abel, E. L. (1980). Smoking during pregnancy: a review of effects on growth and development of offspring. Human Biology,
Blake, K. V., Gurrin, L. C., Evans, S. F., Beilin, L. J., Landau, L. I., Stanley, F. J., & Newnham, J. P. (2000). Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy, low birth weight and subsequent blood pressure in early childhood. Early human development, 57(2),
Castles, A., Adams, E. K., Melvin, C. L., Kelsch, C., & Boulton, M. L. (1999).Effects of smoking during pregnancy: five meta-analyses. American journal of preventive medicine, 16(3),
Retrieved from :
Retrieved from :
Wickstrom, R. (2007). Effects of nicotine during pregnancy: human and experimental evidence. Current neuropharmacology, 5(3),