1. Theo van der Loop Senior Expert on Mission for ILO
ILO - International Labour Organisation
Promoting Decent Work For All
Assessment Based National Dialogue on Social Protection in Egypt A Tripartite Policy Dialogue
Theo van der Loop
Senior Expert on Mission for ILO
Cairo, 6 December 2015

2. Constitution of Egypt
The constitution obliges the State to guarantee pensions for all citizens, for example in old age, invalidity and unemployment.

3. Table of Contents Introduction: Social Security
Social Protection Floor
Assessment Based National Dialogue (ABND): Objectives and Matrix
The Way Forward

4. 1. Introduction: Social Security
Social security should not be seen as a cost, but as an investment in human capital that leads to greater productivity (cf. Hiroshi 2008). .

5. Social Protection is a Basic Human Right
However: 73% percent of the world’s population has less than adequate coverage;
More than half of world population lacks any kind of social protection at all.
In most industrialized countries, coverage is close to 100%.
Coverage extension can be done:
South Korea increased health insurance coverage from 20 % to full coverage in 12 years ( ).

6. World Social Protection Report
Building economic recovery, inclusive development and social justice

7. Statistics on Egypt
Population growth is projected to increase from 87 mln. in to 137 mln. in 2050.
In addition, the population is ageing.
Low Labour force participation rates at 51 % in 2013; esp. low for women.
The unemployment rate is increasing:
Men: doubled from 5% in 2010 to 10% in 2013.
Women: increased from 18.6 % in 2007 to 24.4 %in 2013.
The informal economy is estimated to have between 30 and 40 % of workers.
The national poverty rate has increased significantly in the last 15 years, from 16.7 % in 1996 to 26.3 % in 2012/2013.
The percentage of the near-poor population is estimated to have increased from 19.2 % in 2009 to 23.7 % in 2011.

8. 2. Social Protection Floor
2011.

9. SPF Recommendation No. 202 Adopted by 185 member states
Geneva
101st ILC
14 June 2012

10. Social Protection Floor (SPF)
ILO designed a basic package of social security as a reference point consisting of Four Essential Guarantees, called the ‘Social Protection Floor’ (SPF).
This is designed to be affordable also for the least developed countries.

11. Four Guarantees for All Residents
ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE FOR ALL
INCOME SECURITY, EDUCATION, NUTRITION, CARE FOR CHILDREN
MINIMUM INCOME SECURITY FOR WORKING AGE
INCOME SECURITY THROUGH PENSIONS FOR ELDERLY AND DISABLED

12. Nationally defined Social Protection Floors
Not a one size fits all approach : each country defines the levels of benefits that it can/is willing to provide
Each country also decides how to do it – through universal schemes, targeted social assistance, social insurance, a combination…

13. Source: ILO (2011: ILC.100/VI).

14. EXAMPLE: Social Protection in Indonesia
Relative comprehensive social security for formal sector workers
Population
Level of protection
Formal sector employees (JAMSOSTEK)
Civil servants (ASKES, ASABRI, TASPEN)
Jampersal
Jamsostek LHK- Askesos
KUR, PNPM
Jamkesmas/Jamkesda
PKH/PKSA/BOS/Scholarships
JSPACA, JSLU
Poor
Rest informal sector
Formal sector
Scattered programs for the poor
Not much for non-poor informal sector

15. 3. Assessment Based National Dialogue (ABND)

16. Four Objectives of ABND
To trigger a national dialogue on social protection with all key stakeholders, while raising awareness on the SPF concept and increasing capacities in policy formulation and planning;
To identify priority areas for government intervention related to social protection and the SPF;
To support informed decision-making towards the future development of the national SPF while ensuring that the proposed new schemes and benefits adhere to financial sustainability;
To serve as a baseline against which the future and progressive realization of the SPF can be monitored.

17. Stakeholders
Government: MoSS, MoF, MoMM, MoH, MoE, MoP, MoA, and others
Trade Unions
Employers organisations
NGOs
International Organisations

18. ABND: Three Steps STEP 1 – Development of the Assessment Matrix
STEP 2 – Costing Exercise
STEP 3 – Finalization and Endorsement.

19. ABND Matrix

20. Health

21. Children

22. Working Age

23. Elderly & Disabled

24. Coordination Social Justice Committee under the Prime Minister:
Set up in October 2014:
MoSS is chairing this committee of about 14 Ministers.
MoF: Economic Justice Unit
Proposal: Set up a Government-UN Team for Social Protection to guide the tripartite policy dialogue.

25. 4. The Way Forward
Sustained Tripartite Policy Dialogue among the Stakeholders

26. The Way Forward
MoSS will call the Kick-Off Workshop of ABND in January 2016.
February 2016: Validation Workshop: Presentation of the consolidated Matrix incl. the comments from the Kick-Off workshop, and all data prepared by the stakeholders.
March 2016: Workshop to discuss and finalize the proposed joint Recommendations.
April 2016: Additional Consultations where needed.
From April/May 2016: Costing Exercise.

27. Thank You - Shukran