1. CROSS-CULTURAL UNDERSTANDING
NENI KURNIAWATI

2. INTRODUCTION Varieties of Introductions 1. Formal
Professor: I would like to introduce you to Dr. Johns, director of the language Institute. Dr. Johns, this is Mr. Andrew, the academic adviser from Bamum College.
Mr. Andrew: How do you do, Dr. Johns?
Dr. Johns: It’s pleasure to meet you, Mr. Andrew. I’m glad that we finally have the occasion to meet.
2. Semi Formal
Friend: I’d like you to meet my friend, Nancy Pipkin. Nancy, this is my brother, Michael.
Nancy: Hi Michael. Nice to meet you.
Michael: Hi, Nancy.
3. Informal
Friend: Hi, George, have you met Bill?
George: No, I haven’t. Hi, Bill.
Bill: Hi! How ya doing?

3. Use of Titles in Introductions
Status
Susan (student): Hello, Dr. McGiver. My name is Susan Hall and I would like to ask you about your course.
Dr. McCulkin: Sure. Don’t hesitate to ask anything about it.
Age
Accountant (age 50): Hello, my name is Bob Thomas
Student (age 20): It’s nice to meet you, Mr. Thomas.
Formal Situation
title
last name
Informal Situation
first name

4. List of Titles Dr. (Doctor) Prof. (Professor), Teacher Mrs. Miss Ms.

5. INTRODUCTION Eye Contact and Hand Shaking direct eye contact
firm handshakes
Small Talk
Polite: How do you do?
Do you live in this area?
How do you like living here?
Impolite: How much does your house cost?
Are you married?
How old are you?

6. May I introduce you to (name) (name), do you know (name)
May I introduce you to (name) (name), do you know (name)? (name), I'd like you to meet (name)
When you meet someone the first time, it is common to greet the person with "How do you do?" the correct response is "How do you do." Here is a short introductory conversation:
Ken: Peter, I'd like you to meet Mary. Peter: How do you do? Mary: How do you do. Ken: Mary works for ...

7. A variation is also "It's a pleasure to meet you
A variation is also "It's a pleasure to meet you." or "Pleased to meet you."
Ken: Peter, I'd like you to meet Mary. Peter: It's a pleasure to meet you. Mary: How do you do. Ken: Mary works for ...
Ken: Peter, I'd like you to meet Mary. Peter: How do you do?

8. Cultural Variations in Introduction
Papuan
Pinch other person’s middle finger till make a click sound
Far East
Bowing
North Africa
Putting palm of the hand to the heart
Germany?
Indonesia?

9. Conversational Activities
In pairs interview each other and then introduce your partner to the rest of the class. Data questions: name, country of birth, language spoken, length of time spent in present location, academic major, hobbies
Make formal introductions of yourselves and your country and present some aspects of society

10. VERBAL PATTERN Rules and Styles of Speaking
- Directness in American English
“Let’s get down to business”
“Out with it!”
“Speak up!”
Student: “Excuse me, I’d like to ask you a couple of questions.”
Professor: “Sure, go right ahead. What’s the problem?”
Host: Would you like some more dissert?
Guest: No, thank you. It’s delicious, but I’ve really had enough.
Host: OK, why don’t we leave the table and sit in the living room?

11. VERBAL PATTERN Invitations (Extending, Accepting, Refusing)
Invitation I:
Katie: It was nice talking to you. I have to run to class.
Darlene: OK, maybe we can meet sometime soon.
Katie: Yeah, love to. Why don’t you drop by my house sometime?
Darlene: Great. Gotta go. See ya soon.
Invitation II:
Katie: Before you leave for your vacation can we get together and have lunch?
Darlene: Sure. I’d love to.
Katie: How about Friday? Say about 12:30 at my place?
Darlene: That’s sound good. See you then.

12. VERBAL PATTERN Request
-I’m sorry to trouble you, but could you please tell me where the library is?
- Would you be so kind as to tell me where the library is?
- Excuse me, may I ask you a question?
- Pardon me, may I interrupt you for a moment to ask you a question?
-Where is the library, please?
- Where’s the library?
- Can you give me directions to the city library, please?
- Can I borrow your pen?

13. VERBAL PATTERNS Speaking and Refraining from Speaking - Silence
- Dominate
- Interrupting
Ways of Expressing Common Needs
Phrases and Expressions
Don’t beat around the bush!
Let’s get down to business!
Get to the point.

14. VERBAL PATTERNS Phrases and Expressions Go right ahead. to drop by
How about Sunday?
That sounds good.
On the other hand

15. VERBAL PATTERN Initiating and Maintaining Conversation
- to ask other question
- to add extra information to a one-word response
(Rick sees Debbie at a party and decides he would like to get to know her)
Rick : Hello, where are you from?
Debbie : From New York.
Rick : Why did you come to California?
Debbie : To study.
Rick : Oh, what are studying?
Debbie : Solar energy.
Rick : How long do you plan to stay here?
Debbie : two years.

16. VERBAL PATTERN Ending Conversation Informal OK. Good talking to you.
Yeah, I hope to see you around.
Take care.
Formal
It was very nice talking to you.
I hope we’ll meet again soon.
That would be nice.
Good bye.

17. NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION
Situation 1:
Jane was at the store trying to decide which t.v. set to buy. A loud, overeager salesman approached her, waved his hands in her face, and nearly stood on her feet. She became so uncomfortable that she left the shop.
Situation 2:
Mary says she likes me, but I don’t know how she really feels about me. We’ve gone out three times and she rarely laughs at my jokes or smiles at me. She always looks bored when I talk to her.

18. NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION
Study result
7% words
93% tone of voice & facial expression
Gesture specific body movements that carry meaning
Ex.: “That’s expensive,”
“Go away,”
“It’s OK”

19. NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION
Facial Expressions
- smile
- wink
- grimace
- raising eyebrows
Eye Contact
Never trust a person who can’t look you in the eyes
Space