1. Unit 4 Section 1 Becoming a World Power
U.S. History
Unit 4 Section 1
Becoming a World Power

2. Timeline

3. Timeline
1872 – 1917 Chapter 5

4. Expansionism

5. Expansionism

6. Expansionism Territorial expansion by a nation.
U.S. Expansionism – economic influence in Pacific (Hawaii)
New markets in foreign lands
Sense of destiny to spread democracy
Video (3 minutes)
Expansionism

7. Imperialism

8. Imperialism

9. Imperialism

10. The quest for imperial colonies
Driven by a
Need for new markets and materials
Strategic Reasons
Nationalism
Attitudes toward other peoples
Imperialism

11. Henry Cabot Lodge

12. Henry Cabot Lodge

13. Senator – U.S. should join the imperialistic competition to maintain its economic and military strength.
National Pride
Spread Civilization
Gain World Power
Henry Cabot Lodge

14. Alfred Thayer Mahan

15. Alfred Thayer Mahan

16. Professor at the U.S. Naval War College
Wrote The Influence of Sea Power upon History
Argued that the United States needed a strong Navy to protect its economic interests
Alfred Thayer Mahan

17. Annexation of Hawaii

18. Annexation of Hawaii

19. The United States acted as protectorate of Hawaii in 1893
On July 7, 1898, the United States Annexed Hawaii despite opposition of most of Hawaii’s population
Annexation of Hawaii

20. Missionaries

21. Missionaries

22. Missionaries Sent to Hawaii to convert the natives to Christianity
Expanded U.S. influence in the Pacific
Carried diseases that reduced and weakened native populations.
VIDEO

23. Sanford B Dole

24. Sanford B Dole

25. A missionary son of Hawaii, Sanford B
A missionary son of Hawaii, Sanford B. Dole was raised in a kingdom that he would one day lead
First as president of the republic
Served as governor of a U.S. territory after annexation
Sanford B Dole

26. Spheres of Influence

27. Spheres of Influence

28. After 1850, regions of China where a particular country had exclusive rights. Usually over trade.
Britain, Germany, France and Russia controlled most of the Chinese trade
Spheres of Influence

29. Open Door Policy

30. Open Door Policy

31. A policy that would give all nations equal access for trade with China
U.S. Secretary of State John Hay wanted to protect U.S. investors in China. He sent notes to European powers declaring policy.
Open Door Policy

32. Boxer Rebellion

33. Boxer Rebellion

34. An uprising that attacked western missionaries and traders in China
Crushed by international army.
Hay announced U.S. would oppose any attempt to break up China by other nations.
Video – 3 minutes
Boxer Rebellion

35. Joseph Pulitzer

36. Joseph Pulitzer

37. American newspaper editor and publisher who helped establish the pattern of the modern newspaper. (New York World)
In his time he was one of the most powerful journalists in the United States.
Pulitzer Prize named after him
Joseph Pulitzer

38. William Randolph Hearst

39. William Randolph Hearst

40. William Randolph Hearst
Owner of the San Francisco Examiner
Used yellow journalism to sensationalize the happenings in Cuba
Depicted Spaniards as murderous brutes
Often exaggerated the stories to sell more papers
William Randolph Hearst

41. Hearst’s San Simeon Castle

42. Hearst’s San Simeon Castle

43. Hearst’s San Simeon Castle

44. Hearst’s San Simeon Castle

45. Yellow Journalism

46. Yellow Journalism

47. Yellow Journalism

48. Yellow Journalism

49. Sensational reporting done by New York's The World and The Journal
Includes the sensational headlines and exaggeration by the newspapers
Yellow Journalism

50. USS Maine

51. USS Maine

52. USS Maine

53. Sent to Cuba to protect American lives and property
exploded in Havana Harbor, killed 258 sailors
Hearst papers blamed a Spanish mine, causing U.S. firestorm.
USS Maine

54. Spanish-American War

55. Spanish-American War

56. War fought between the Spanish and the United States in Cuba and the Philippines in 1898
“The Splendid Little War”
Video – 10 min
Spanish-American War

57. Causes
Yellow journalism
Mistreatment of the Cubans by the Spanish
De Lome letter calls the US “weak”
The sinking of the USS Maine
Spanish-American War

58. Results
Cuba granted independence
U.S. adds Puerto Rico, Guam, & Philippines as territories
Spanish-American War

59. Teller Amendment

60. A Congressional bill that expressed the independence of Cuba and the willingness to use U.S. military to gain it
Once the war was won, the government would be left to its own people
Teller Amendment

61. George Dewey

62. George Dewey

63. Leader of the U.S. Navy stationed in Hong Kong
Sent to Manila Bay to attack the Spanish fleet
Easily defeated the Spanish
Supporting Filipino rebels helped secure the city
George Dewey

64. Rough Riders

65. Rough Riders

66. A cavalry unit lead by Theodore Roosevelt
Most made up of college athletes, cowboys, American Indians, and ranchers
Key unit in the Spanish American War
Rough Riders

67. Guam

68. Guam

69. Guam

70. The largest island in Micronesia and the only U. S
The largest island in Micronesia and the only U.S.-held island in the region
Gained as a result of the Spanish-American War
Became a key coaling station to help control trade in the Pacific
Guam

71. Puerto Rico

72. Puerto Rico

73. Puerto Rico

74. Gained as a territory as a result of the Spanish-American War
Ruled by a Governor and Upper House that was appointed by the US
Elected Lower House that was part of the ruling party
Puerto Rico

75. Philippines

76. Philippines

77. Philippines

78. The U.S. gained control after defeating the Spanish in the Philippines in the Spanish-American War
U.S. paid Spain 20 million in order to maintain good relations with Spain
Key area to control trade in the Pacific
Philippines

79. Economic effects of Spanish American War

80. Economic effects of Spanish-American War
The Spanish-American War signaled the emergence of the U.S. as a great power onto the world stage
This was the beginning of a long period of informal imperialism accomplished through economic domination
Economic effects of Spanish-American War

81. Platt Amendment

82. Platt Amendment

83. Limited Cuba’s freedom to make treaties with other nations
Authorized the U.S. to intervene into Cuba’s affairs
Established a U.S. Naval base, Guantanamo Bay
Platt Amendment

84. Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty

85. Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty

86. Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty

87. Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty
Gave the United States complete and unending sovereignty over a 10-mile wide Canal Zone in Panama
Canal Zone was returned to Panama in 1999 by President Clinton after President Carter renegotiated the treaty in 1979.
Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty

88. Panama Canal

89. Panama Canal

90. Panama Canal

91. Built between 1904 and 1914 by the U.S.
Canal was originally started by the French
48 miles long, joins Atlantic to Pacific, saves 8000 mile journey by sea
It cost the United States $375 million
More than 75,000 men and women worked on the canal. 5,609 died as a result.
Video
Panama Canal

92. Obstacles to building the canal
Harsh work conditions
Steep, rocky soil
Almost daily rain
Yellow Fever
Malaria
Shortages in labor
Panama Canal

93. Teddy Roosevelt

94. Teddy Roosevelt

95. War hero in the Spanish-American War
Governor of New York
Vice President under William McKinley
Became President after McKinley’s assassination
Expansionist policy
Teddy Roosevelt

96. Roosevelt Corollary

97. Roosevelt Corollary

98. Roosevelt Corollary

99. Roosevelt Corollary

100. Teddy Roosevelt's warning that the United States would use whatever force necessary to enforce the Monroe Doctrine
Often referred to as the “Big Stick Policy”
Roosevelt Corollary

101. Dollar Diplomacy

102. Dollar Diplomacy

103. William Taft’s foreign policy to replace the military with money
Used loans to Latin American countries to lure them away from European expansion
Dollar Diplomacy

104. Moral Diplomacy

105. Woodrow Wilson wanted to change the “bullying” nature of previous presidents’ foreign policy
His idea was “moral diplomacy”
Supported countries with democratic governments
Economically damage non-democratic countries
Video
Moral Diplomacy

106. Questions?