1. December 12, 2016 Do Now: Take out review sheet and pencil
After Test: Complete the map
HW: SAS Curriculum Pathways (Google it)
(Slides 1-9)
Log In: Student(s)
Search for: America: World Power
Launch Resources
Fill out worksheet

2. Name the American Hero who died last week at the age of 95.
Name a NY State Senator

3. December 12, 2016 Do Now: Imperialism Isolationism
Homework: Study maps for quiz – You will be given a blank map and asked to label some of the locations
Alaska Cartoon
Territorial Expansion Chart

4. Give back tests
Geography Bee
Video
Notes

5. Do

6. American Imperialism

8. Review Questions
Test
Map Activities
Begin Imperial

9. December 15 Do Now: Expansionsim
Homework: Finish annotating (briefly) documents 8-14 and complete the rest of the question packet.
You will use these documents for an in-class essay and test, next Wed/Thursday.
Hand up your Alaska Cartoon/Territorial Chart

10. The New Westward Expansion
US Imperialism
The New Westward Expansion

13. US Expansion Through the Years

14. Beyond US Borders
Is a country limited to its landlocked borders?

15. Imperialism in the Americas

16. Imperialism around the World

17. Imperialism in Asia

19. Go over SAS

20. December 14, 2016 Do Now: Yellow Journalism
Homework: Documents A, C, F, Cartoon
Answer the question:
What conditions influenced the United State’s expansion abroad?
5 Bullet points for each reading and complete the questions with the cartoon

21. Map quiz
Go over homework - SAS
Notes
Documents

22. Map Quiz Label the following on the World Map Colombia Cuba
Guam Midway
Philippines Panama
Label the following on the Latin America Map
Costa Rica Panama
Puerto Rico Dominican Republic

23. US Imperialism Policy of Isolation Having little to do with
foreign nations

24. Policy of Imperialism
One country takes control of the land and ppl of another country
Causes
Need raw materials (industrialization)
New markets to sell to (industrialization)
(Doc F)

25. Causes (cont’d)
“Duty” to civilize and Christianize others
Competition between rival nations (Doc A)

26. US Imperialism Effects Europeans take possessions in Africa and Asia
US Navy expands to protect trading ships
US wants to expand

27. Seward’s Folly (Secretary of State)
Almost assassinated with Lincoln
Alaska – expands US into the Pacific
Bought from Russia
Folly=ice, cold
Instead found gold and OIL!
Eventually will be 49th State

28. Alaska – Purchased for $7.2 million (2.5 cents per acre)

29. Russia Cartoon

30. Taking Control of Hawaii
British explorer James Cook first visited Hawaii in 1778.
Hawaii was ideally located for coaling stations and bases for ships trading between the U.S. and Asia.
American missionaries and others came to Hawaii and raised crops, particularly sugarcane.
The sugar industry grew and gained influence and control.
King Kalakaua negotiated a treaty that made Hawaiian sugar cheap to import to the United States.
Sugar planters overthrew Queen Liliuokalani with the help of the U.S. marines.
Sugar tycoon Sanford Dole became president of the Republic of Hawaii.
Hawaii became a U.S. territory in 1898.

31. US Imperialism Hawaii Archipelago = chain of islands
Rich soil, warm climate, year round crops
Americans (Dole) set up sugar plantations
US backs a revolution of plantation owners to overthrow Polynesian Queen Liliuokalani

32. New American republic asks to be annexed
Eventually becomes 50th State

33. US Economic Foreign Policy
US wants to expand its Sphere of Influence
Area where a nation has special trading privileges

34. US Economic Foreign Policy
Open Door Policy
US wants all nations to trade in each
others sphere of influence – ESPECIALLY CHINA!
Boxer Rebellion – Trade with China
Chinese secret society (Boxers) rebel against increased presence of foreigners
International Army defeats the Boxers

35. US Economic Foreign Policy
Japan was an Isolationist Country
No trade with westerners
U.S. Commodore Matthew Perry
Goes to Japan with warships to pressure Japan to trade

36. The Rise of Japan Perry gets Japan to sign Treaty of Kanagawa
Refueling rights, two trade ports
Opened trade, Japan becomes industrialized
Japan builds a military

37. December 17, 2015 Do Now: Sphere of Influence Open Door Policy p. 682
Homework: Documents – Finish organizer
Review Sheet due day of test (-3)
Test is next Tuesday
Essay due Tuesday

38. Go over SAS #1 and #2
Notes on Sp-Am War
Video
Instructions on Essay
Documents

39. Spanish American War History Channel Video

40. Opening and Modernization
Commodore M.C. Perry
Treaty of Kanagawa
European powers quickly follow U.S. lead.
Meiji Restoration
End of Tokugawa Shogunate’s feudal system.
Emperor restored to power.
Increased trade with the West.
Rapid modernization of industry and armed forces.
Colonial expansion begins on Pacific Islands.
Japanese Navy
From the Age of Galleys directly to the Modern Age.
Skips entirely the Age of Sail.
Japan relatively poor in natural resources, but has a hard-working, organized, and industrious culture
Japanese Navy skips the Age of Sail - galleys to modern age

41. Diplomacy and naval superiority help the U.S. gain influence in Japan.
Japan was isolated and unindustrialized until the mid-1800s.
Commodore Matthew Perry brought four steamships into Tokyo Bay in 1853 to pressure Japan to open its ports to trade.
Japan quickly became an industrial and military power to compete with the West.

42. De Lome Letter
Written by a Spanish minister
Trash talked McKinley

43. The Open Door Policy gives the United States an equal footing in China.
European powers gained spheres of influence in China.
The United States feared it would be shut out of the valuable China trade.
Secretary of State John Hay proposed the Open Door Policy, giving all nations equal trading rights in China.
Increased foreign presence in China led to the Boxer Rebellion.
Western nations cooperated to quell the rebellion and continue exploitation of Chinese trade.

44. The Open Door U.S. “Open Door” policy in China:
Policy has two aspects.
(1) Ensure territorial integrity of China.
(2) Ensure free trade in China for all countries.
China’s Boxer Rebellion
U.S. Marine Regiment attached to U.S. Army force protecting Westerners.
Counter European and Japanese attempts at “spheres of influence”.
Yangtze River Patrol - U.S. gunboats protect American commerce.

45. Go over SAS #1

47. December 21, 2015 Do Now: Isthmus TAKE OUT DOCUMENT ANSWER SHEET
Homework:
Review Sheet due day Wed(-3)
Test is Wed
Essay due Wed

48. Spanish-American War (1898)

49. Causes of Spanish-American War “Splendid Little War”
Underlying (long term) causes of Spanish-American War
US concerned about Cuban Revolution – Cuba vs Spain for Freedom
1. Politics
General “Butcher” Weylar – Sent by Spain to
stop rebellion
Brutal to Cubans
Put Cuban ppl in detention camps to
keep them away from Cuban rebels
(Doc E)

50. 2. Geography Only 90 miles from Florida 3. Economics
Investments in Cuba – sugar, rice, tobacco plantations($50 million)
Trade - $100 million
US did not want to lose $ due to revolution

51. 4. Yellow Journalism
Wild, sensational, biased, often false newspaper reporting
Cuban rebels portrayed as patriotic, Spanish portrayed as cruel
Pulitzer’s World vs. Hearst’s Journal
Two newspapers who competed w/each other
Sensationalized the war facts to sell more newspapers
(Doc D)

52. Yellow Journalism!

53. Alfred T. Mahan Author of “Influence of Sea Power Upon History
Increased interest in a strong Navy
Document – Source B

54. Immediate Cause of Spanish-American War
What: Exploding of the USS Maine – “Remember the Maine” (260 sailors die)
Where and When?
Havana, Cuba – Feb. 15, 1898 – ship anchored in harbor at night
Why was it there?
To protect American Citizens and US property (riots)
Who was blamed?
Spain (“The enemy”)

55. Sp

58. Role of newspapers Role of Congress Role of President
Tragedy turned into sensation!
Role of Congress
Declared War – April 25, 1898
Role of President
McKinley didn’t want war but gave into war fever

59. “Splendid Little War” Fought in Cuba and Philippines
Teddy Roosevelt (before he was Pres)
Led “Rough Riders” cowboys and young college men
Battle of San Juan Hill, Cuba – They won!
Result: Spanish fleet was destroyed

61. Philippines (Spanish colony)
Surprise night attack – April 30, 1898
Commodore George Dewey destroys Spanish fleet in one day
Americans support the war!!

63. Effects of the Splendid Little War
4 Months long (very short)
Losses: 386 men die of war injuries
2000 die of malaria and yellow fever
Peace Treaty
Cuba – Cuba got its freedom!
Caribbean – US gets Puerto Rico
Pacific – US gave $20 mil to Spain for Philippines
- US got Guam

64. Peace Treaty – Treaty of Paris
In Favor
US bases for ships
New natural resources/markets
Spread American democratic ideas and culture

65. Spanish American War – Media Rich Video
7 min

66. Crash Course

67. Video – Media Rich Learning - Summary

68. Peace Treaty Objections Expansionism could lead to more war
US had no right to take another country
Expansionism could lead to more war
Anti-Imperialist League
Mark Twain, Presidents of Harvard and Stanford, Samuel Gompers, and Carnegie
(Doc G , H, I, J)

71. Peace Treaty Details
Platt Amendment: Limited Cuba’s right to make treaties - Cuba is free but…
US could get involved to protect American interests (protectorate)
Protectorate: independent country controlled by another
US gets Naval base – Guantanamo Bay

72. Peace Treaty Details Puerto Rico – US Territory
Philippines – Territory
Filipinos fought a war for independence from US
4000 Americans died
200,000 Filipinos died fighting the US
1901 -US won – US sets up gov’t
1946-got independence

73. US annexes Samoa, Guam, Midway Is, Philippines after Spanish-American War

74. US Imperialism

76. Go over SAS #2

77. How will the US protect its new interests?
Panama Canal
Need a shorter route between Atlantic and Pacific O.
Problems?
Panama “owned” by Colombia
Colombia wants a lot of $ from US for the property
Solution
US helps ppl of Panama revolt and get independence
T.Roosevelt sends “Great White Fleet” Navy to help

78. Panama Canal

79. Building of the Panama Canal
Problem: Diseases – Yellow Fever and Malaria
1st must destroy mosquitos
Took 10 years to build canal

80. Guess Who?

85. US Control in Latin America
Roosevelt Corollary: “Big Stick” Policy (an addition to Monroe Doctrine)
US CAN intervene to preserve law and order
Use military force if necessary to keep others out

86. President Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy
Encourage US business leaders to invest in Latin America
Then US could intervene when economic interests at stake

87. Latin Americans resent policies
Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy
Promote democracy by ensuring stability and prevent war in Latin American nations
US had a duty to teach republics to elect good men
Latin Americans resent policies

88. Immediate Cause of Spanish-Aerican War
USS Maine
US ship stationed in Cuba, mysteriously blew up
Yellow Journalism-Newspapers exaggerated and sensationalized the explosion
American public demanded war

89. Important Info About the War
War declared on April 11, 1898
Teller Amendment:
Once US overthrew Spanish rule, Cubans would be given their freedom
Most American deaths were the result of ILLNESS, not combat
Rough Riders
US Presence in Latin America increases

90. The Philippines
The Philippines thought they would receive independence from Spain
McKinley planned to “Christianize” them and keep them
Emilio Aguinaldo wanted revenge against US
Guerilla warfare
Aguinaldo loses and Philippines is annexed
1946, Philippines gain independence from US

91. Effects of the War
US Receives : Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines - $20 Millions paid
Insular Cases
Constitution does not necessarily apply to new areas.
Platt Amendment
Cuba can’t have treaties with other countries that compromises independence
US can intervene to restore order
Guantanamo Bay given to US

92. Puerto Rico The United States governed Puerto Rico as a territory.
Foraker Act of 1900 established that the U.S. would appoint a governor and upper house of legislature. Puerto Rican voters elected the lower house.

93. The United States in Puerto Rico
President McKinley also set up a military government on this island.
The United States governed Puerto Rico as a territory.
Foraker Act of 1900 established that the U.S. would appoint a governor and upper house of legislature. Puerto Rican voters elected the lower house.
A 1917 law granted Puerto Ricans U.S. citizenship and ability to elect all legislative representatives.
In 1952, Puerto Rico became a self-governing commonwealth, with power over most of its domestic affairs. The U.S. still controls interstate trade, immigration, and military affairs.

94. The Spanish-American War
Sympathy for Rebels
Many people in U.S. felt sympathy for Cuban rebels
Viewed Cuban struggle for freedom as similar to American Revolution
American newspapers urged United States to enter war
War Begins
February 1898, U.S. battleship Maine exploded in Havana’s harbor
Many American’s immediately assumed Spain was to blame
Congress declared war; Spanish-American War began
Short War
War disastrous for Spain
Spanish army defeated in Cuba, navy fleets destroyed in Philippines, Cuba
U.S. won war within three months

95. Treaty ending Spanish-American War
Peace Treaty
Treaty ending Spanish-American War
United States received Puerto Rico, Guam
Agreed to purchase Philippines for twenty million dollars
Spain agreed to give up Cuba, but U.S. did not want Cuba to have full independence
U.S. made Cuba a protectorate by forcing it to include Platt Amendment as part of new constitution
Platt Amendment allowed U.S. to intervene in Cuba, approve foreign treaties, lease land at Guantánamo Bay for naval base

96. A Warning to Europeans Monroe Doctrine
1823, Monroe Doctrine declared Americas off limits to European imperialism, except for colonies that already existed
Seen as idle threat by U.S. until end of Spanish-American War
Considerable Financial Interests
Late 1800s, Europe and U.S. had considerable financial interests in Latin America; many nations there were deeply indebted to foreign creditors
1904, European creditors threatened force to collect in Dominican Republic
Roosevelt Corollary
To protect U.S. interests, maintain stability, Roosevelt announced the Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine
The U.S. vowed to use military might to keep Europeans out of the Americas

97. Increasing U.S. Power
United States sent troops to several nations in early 1900s
U.S. forces entered Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, Cuba to restore civil order
United States took control of finances in those countries
Claimed need to prevent financial chaos
Reality: U.S. used Roosevelt Corollary to become even more involved in political affairs of Latin American countries

98. Fighting the War Geography U.S forces
Spanish Empire- Cuba, Puerto Rico, Philippines, Guam
U.S. strategic interests
Panama Canal, Hawaii
U.S forces
Atlantic: Sampson/Schley
Asiatic: Dewey (China/Japan)
Mahanian interests
Robley D. Evans, , William T. Sampson, Mahan, Henry Cabot Lodge
Navy’s Plan to Roosevelt (Ass’t SECNAV)
Attack Spanish Fleet in Philippine Islands
North Atlantic Squadron make destruction of Spain’s fleet in Western Hemisphere its highest priority
Net result: American Empire in Philippines and confirmation of battleship theory of Naval Warfare
Battleship never vindicated!

100. U.S. “Empire” Established
From Spain in 1898:
Puerto Rico
Guam
Philippines
Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in Cuba
(Spain sells other island territories in the Pacific to the German Empire in 1899.)
Formerly Independent:
Hawaii (Annexed 1898)
Wake Island
“American” Samoa (Harbor of Pago Pago)

101. Panama Canal Panamanian Revolution against Colombia - 1903.
Engineered and influenced by U.S. (T. Roosevelt)
Panama Canal Zone ceded to U.S.
Construction of the canal begins in 1904.
Completed in 1914.
Increased importance of U.S. control of Caribbean Sea.
Protection of Panama Canal is vital to defense of the U.S. – Controls Atlantic and Pacific

102. The Panama Canal
U.S. gained control over more territory with building of Panama Canal
1880s, French company had tried unsuccessfully to build canal across Isthmus of Panama, then part of Colombia
1903, U.S. bought French property, equipment
Colombia refused to allow U.S. to build canal
U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt sent warships to support uprising against Colombia
Panama declared independent, signed treaty granting land to build canal; became Panama Canal Zone, ruled directly by U.S.
Panama Canal Zone
, Panama Canal built
Major medical advances required to control effects of yellow fever, malaria on canal workers
Shortened sea voyage from San Francisco to New York City by about 8,000 miles
Building the Canal

103. Positives and Negatives of US Imperialism
US seen as a world leader
More territory to get natural resources from
Fueling stations in Pacific
Negatives
Came at price for ppl of acquired lands
More to police – more you have, more you have to worry about!