1. Types of grow lights for indoor agriculture
Plasma
Fluorescent
High Intensity Discharge
LED
Seeding to Harvest

2. Plasma Lights LIFI, Solar Genesis, Sulfur Plasma, Sulphur Plasma, Light Emitting Plasma, LEP

3. Plasma basics
5500 Kelvin Bulbs - Plasma lights are a special kind of grow light that offers the fullest spectrum of lighting of any kind of grow light.
plants can grow throughout all stages of growth without having to worry about switching lights halfway through the cycle.
Compared to other types of grow lights, plasma grow lights can save up to 50% in energy, which adds up a great deal over the course of your grows.
Plasma grow lights emit very little heat compared to other options, which is great for placing the fixtures much closer to your plants than with HPS systems
Can cost in the thousands of dollars per unit, generally used in conjunction with other lights such as LED lighting systems

4. Plasma Cons
Poor light penetration compared to HID lamps, the light won’t reach to the lower parts of your plants.
Very high initial cost compared to other lamps, sometimes exceeding the price of last generation LED panels.
High heat is produced by the bulb itself, and a fan is often needed for heat dispersion and to prevent the plants from burning.
As they are fairly new grow lights on the market and due to their price, very few people use them and there is a lack of feedback information regarding their efficiency.

5. Fluorescent CFL, T5, T8, T12

6. Fluorescent basics
Popular for propagation, early vegetative growth and over-wintering semi-hardy and tender plants.
T5 fluorescents are one of the most the most modern type.
They are available as single, daisy-chainable strips or in panel arrays.
Lamps need to be matched to the fixture (high output (HO) or very high output (VHO.)) Different spectral distribution lamps are available-most common and "daylight" and "bloom."
Daylight lamps are used for propagation, vegetative growth and over- wintering.
Bloom lamps are commonly used as side-lighting for larger plants flowering indoors.
Bulbs available in a variety of color spectrums

7. Fluorescent Cons
Contains Mercury - when a fluorescent lamp breaks or goes out, there are strict guidelines on how they should be cleaned up and disposed of, which have been set by the EPA.
Higher initial cost - Higher than those of conventional lighting options -- sometimes as much as three times higher.
Flickering light - Again, today's technology advances has many manufacturers solving that problem with better ballasts and other technologies that allow the lamp to start and restart flicker-free

8. 6,500 Kelvin bulbs - The most common bulbs these bulbs will emit light that is similar to the light that we see during daylight hours, it is called a daylight white light
3,000 Kelvin bulbs - these lights have more warmer tones to the emitted light, that simulates the color the daylight would be in sunset hours, which promotes higher rates of photosynthesis which in return affects plant flowering and budding
4,100 Kelvin bulbs - Because the light is neutral, not leaning in favor of red or blue spectrum, it can be described as standard and therefore can promote plant leaf as well as stem growth, but can be also used when the plants are flowering.
10,000 Kelvin bulbs - The 10,000 Kelvin color temperature means that they are very blue based lights so they can be used as grow lights for extreme plant growth, because of the cool color of them.

9. High Intensity Discharge (HID) High Pressure Sodium, HPS, Metal Halide

10. HID basics High Pressure Sodium, HPS, Metal Halide
The most common type of grow light for general purpose indoor applications-extremely efficient and capable of producing intense light indoors.
Metal Halide (MH) lamps give off a bluish spectrum, perfect for vegetative growth. They also contain some ultra violet radiation (UV) which is useful for combating pests, molds and promoting the production of essential oils in aromatic crops.
High Pressure Sodium (HPS) emit a yellow / orange light that simulates the fall sun-perfect for flowering and fruiting.
Many growers combine HPS and MH lamps to provide a better overall light spectrum for their plants.

11. HID Pros High Pressure Sodium, HPS, Metal Halide
HIDs are the most efficient type of grow light (gets the highest yields/watt).
Of all the HIDs, HPS grow lights are the most efficient and the best for the flowering stage. 
HID lights are simple to use because they can be hung the right distance from the plants with no guesswork on your part (unlike LEDs), and no need to adjust the lights all the time (like fluorescents).

12. HID Cons High Pressure Sodium, HPS, Metal Halide
HID bulbs get really hot and generate a lot of heat. Because of the concentrated heat production, you will almost always want to put the bulb in a hood and also provide some sort of cooling to prevent heat from beaming down onto your plants and driving up the ambient temperature of your tent/grow room. This is especially important for the bigger lights with power above 250W.
Additional setup - As a result of the heat mentioned above, most growers use an exhaust fan with ducting to vent out heat. Unfortunately, the prospect of having to deal with the fan and ducting scares off many growers from HID lighting.
More parts - HID lighting means a few more parts than other types of lighting. Fluorescents are just the bulb and a fixture and most LEDs are just the light itself. But most HID setups have at least a bulb, fixture, an external ballast and an extra cable if you don't count the exhaust systems parts, too.

13. Light Emitting Diode (LED) LED, LED Panels.

14. LED basics LED, LED Panels
LED technology is perhaps one of the most fast moving areas of lighting with developments occurring on an almost daily basis.
Some early panel LED fixtures entered the horticultural industry with grand claims that didn't match up to reality.
The marketplace has now matured somewhat and LED grow lights are finding their place.
Many growers use LEDs to supplement the spectrum of their existing grow lights in order to steer plants into generative development (flowering and fruiting).

15. LED Pros
Less electricity - The latest LED grow lights typically provide a 40 to 50% reduction in lighting Watts consumed to illuminate an area
Less Heat - LEDs do not instantly convert more than half of the watts consumed into infrared heat, as their HPS/MH counterparts do.
Less Air Conditioning - Air conditioners/fans can be run considerably less since there is less heat, especially in summer growing months
LED grow lights are simpler to install, due to there being no reflector, ballast, less consideration for waste heat removal.
Emitters have a long life estimates can go as high as 50k hours.
Space savers – Can be “stacked” in some vertical applications increasing yield per sq. ft.

16. LED Cons
There is no table that says, “If you did this under HPS/MH, do this under LED.”
Pest prevention is considerably more challenging under LEDs because the color of the light hides pest damage.
Nutritional problems have a way of hiding under LEDs until it’s almost too late. Depending on the specific wavelengths in the LED grow light, the plants themselves can look dark—almost black in some cases.
Reliable information may be hard to find due to the relative infancy of LED grow lights

17. Light considerations from seed to harvest

18. The cycle by light
Blue wavelength - Seedlings need to absorb blue wavelength color during the beginning of life. The blue spectrum is responsible for leafy, green growth, typical of emerging plants, especially herbs and vegetables.
Red Wavelength - Vegetable plants that grow fruit tap into the red spectrum in sunlight for fruit to set and mature.
The number of “lumens” is what you should be paying attention to. Low watt bulbs can have high lumens count
Most vegetable seedlings need hours of light per day to establish roots and grow primary leaves.
Automated timers will help to ensure that the plants are getting proper light cycles.