1. Medical Terms of Cardiovascular System and Respiratory System
Dr. Sarmed Nabhan Yaseen
BSc., MPharm, PhD, RPh

2. I

3. Cardiovascular System (CVS)
Outlines
Terms
Cardiovascular System (CVS)
Major Organs of (CVS)
Blood
Respiratory System
LRT
URT

4. Objectives Listen, read, and study so you can speak and write.
Pronounce, spell, define, and write the medical terms related to the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

5. Introduction The human body is made up of 70 to 80 trillion cells.
All of these cells need to be fed oxygen and nutrients
Cells must also get rid of waste materials

6. Cardiovascular System (CVS)
Cardi/o = Heart

7. Cardiovascular System (CVS)
Major Organs:
1. heart (HART)
2. arteries (AR-ter-eez)
3. arterioles (ar-TEER-ee-ohlz)
4. capillaries (ka-PILL-ah-reez)
5. venules (VEN-yoolz)
6. veins (VAYNZ)

9. Cardiovascular System (CVS)
The Heart

10. Cardiovascular System (CVS)
Walls of the Heart

11. The heart cannot feed itself from the blood that flows through it.
Its walls are too thick and muscular.
The heart has its own system of
arteries and veins.
These are the coronary
They supply the heart muscle
with the oxygen and nutrients it needs to function properly.

12. A heart attack or myocardial infarction (my-oh-KAR-dee-al-In-FARK-shun) is a blockage in the coronary arteries.
Because oxygen and nutrients can no longer reach the heart muscle, the muscle is damaged.

13. CABG
Balloon angioplasty
Stent

14. Cardiovascular System (CVS)
Electrocardiography
is a procedure of recording
the electrical activity
of the heart
Electrocardiogram (ECG, EKG)
is the record itself

15. Cardiovascular System (CVS)
Normal Sinus Rhythm
Heart beats in a regular way, 60 to 90 beats per minute
(otherwise: arrhythmia)
Bradycardia (brad-ee-KAR-dee-uh)
Tachycardia (tack-ee-KAR-dee-ah)

16. Cardiovascular System (CVS)
Blood Pressure (BP)
On each ventricular contraction, blood is pumped through an artery.
Blood pushes on the artery wall.
The pressure this creates is called blood pressure (BP).

17. Cardiovascular System (CVS)
systolic (SIS-tohl-ick) pressure, the pressure against the arterial wall when the ventricles contract and pumps blood out of the heart.
While, diastolic (dye-as-TOHL-ick) pressure, is the pressure against the arterial wall when the ventricles relax.
hypertension (high-per-TEN-shun) 140/90 mm Hg and hypotension (high-poh-TEN-shun) 90/60 mm Hg

18. Cardiovascular System (CVS)
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is myocardial disease resulting in the failure of the heart to pump blood effectively through the blood vessels.
This results in congestion (backing up) of blood in the blood vessels.

19. Cardiovascular System (CVS)
Cardiac arrest is when the heart unexpectedly stops pumping blood.
Valvular Insufficiency
The inability of one of the
heart valves to close tightly,
resulting in a backflow or
regurgitation (ree-ger-jih-TAY-shun) of blood.

21. Blood 1. plasma (PLAZ-mah) 2. formed elements
Major Components of Blood:
1. plasma (PLAZ-mah)
2. formed elements
3. erythrocyte (eh-RITH-roh-sight) RBC
4. thrombocyte (THROM-boh-sight)
5. basophil (BAY-soh-fill)
6. neutrophil (NEW-troh-fill)
7. eosinophil (ee-oh-SIN-oh-fill)
8. lymphocyte (LIM-foh-sight)
9. monocyte (MON-oh-sight)
55%
45%

22. Blood
Hematologist (hee-mah-TOL-oh-jist) a specialist in the study of the blood, its disorders and treatment
Anemia (ah-NEE-mee-ah) lack of red blood cells or hemoglobin content in the blood

23. Blood
Leukemia is a form of bone marrow cancer that results in a malignant increase in the number of white blood cells
Hemophilia is a genetic condition characterized by a lack of clotting factors causing a prolonged bleeding

24. Take a breath

25. Respiratory System Major Organs of the Respiratory System
1. nasal cavity (NAY-zal)
2. nares (NAH-reez) (nostrils)
3. pharynx (FAR-inks)
4. larynx (LAR-inks)
5. trachea (TRAY-kee-ah)
6. left bronchus (BRONG-kus)
7. alveoli (al-VEE-oh-lye)
8. bronchiole (BRONG-kee-ohl)
9. diaphragm (DYE-ah-fram)
10. right lung
11. right bronchus (BRONG-kus)

26. Respiratory System Breath vs Breathe Inhalation vs exhalation
Upper and Lower
Respiratory System

27. Respiratory System
Lung and Alveoli

28. Respiratory System Pleural and Mediastinal Cavities
The thoracic cavity contains two smaller cavities called the pleural (PLOOR-al)
and mediastinal (me-dee-as-TYE-nal) cavities

29. Respiratory System
Allergic rhinitis (rye-NYE-tis): is an allergic response to inhaled allergens
Asthma (AZ-mah): is a bronchospasm that results in airway obstruction
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): is a chronic disease of the respiratory tract that obstructs air flow to the lungs and body tissues

30. Respiratory System
Emphysema (em-fih-SEE-mah): loss of elasticity and overexpansion (dilation) of the alveoli
Epistaxis (ep-ih-STACK-sis):
Bleeding from the nostrils
or nosebleed
Pneumonia (noo-MOH-nee-ah):
is inflammation of the lung caused by infection