1. Rebirth and revolution
East Asia after WWII
Ch 34

8. Big Picture
success: Japan, Korea, “Asian Tigers” (Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore
internal: Confucian, conservative
external: Cold War alliances
Cold War: Mao’s China, Vietnam War
update ’s (larger pattern of rise of Asia)

9. Japan
post-WWII occupation: military disbanded, prisoners released, women’s voting, labor unions created, abolished Shinto, emperor figurehead
Constitution written by the U.S.
limited military strength

10. Japan’s growth political and cultural conservative
Liberal Democratic Party rule
government’s intensional role in economy
traditional culture - tea ceremony, Kabuki theater, art as form of nationalism, poetry, education
10% growth rates in 1950’s - through 60’s
education, foreign policy
labor unions, lifetime loyalty - group mentality

11. South Korea political stability - conservative strongmen
Syngman Rhee, Park Chung-hee ( )
economic growth - started further behind Japan
holding companies like ziabatsus called chaebols
Hyundai - community focus, family mentality
population growth + per capita income growth

12. South Korea

13. “Asian tigers”
Taiwan - U.S. ally against China until 1970’s, military and technology build up, now under the political control of China
Singapore - like Taiwan, few freedoms / tight government controls, larger economic growth, one of highest per capita incomes in world
Hong Kong - port city like Singapore, international markets, returned to China in 1997

14. Chinese Revolution
Japanese invasion - hurt Guomindang (Nationalists), helped Mao and Communists
1949: communist victory in civil war, set up People’s Republic of China; Chiang Kia Shek fled to Taiwan
appeal to peasants (majority population) - resisted Japanese, land reforms, education, health care
30 year struggle - military and political framework
by 1950’s - influential in North Korea, less dependent on Soviets

15. Mao’s China landowners forced to give land to peasants
state planned industrialization (little success)
“hundred flowers bloom” - crushed protests
Great Leap Forward: agricultural collectives, industrialization via communes, self-reliance
population boom, famine, environmental disaster

16. Mao’s China

17. role of women Jiang Qing - Mao’s wife, important role
historical influence: Taiping and Boxer revolts
rights - marriage, education, political leadership

18. End of Mao’s Rule
Cultural Revolution - excite students with Little Red Book and Red Guard, attacked critics
Gang of Four - attempted to continue Mao’s policies, removed from communist party
Zhou Enlai - relations with Nixon, U.S.
Deng Xiaoping - capitalist reforms, 1980s

19. French Vietnam French missionaries in 17th century (from Japan)
Tayson peasant rebellion defeated Nguyen
Nguyen Anh returned to power with French support, united Red River and Mekong Delta
Confucian traditions vs. Jesuit influence
French troops defended missionaries, stayed to colonize location

20. Vietnamese nationalism
anti-Confucian: traditions allowed French invasion
Vietnamese Nationalist Party s, violent uprisings, defeated By French
Communist movement - Ho Chi Minh, shifted to peasant support in 1930’s, ready after WWII
Viet Minh - national liberation movement, gained areas in North during war, land reform and education

21. War for liberation
Giap’s guerrilla tactics (similar to Mao in WWII) had firm control of North
France attempted to take back control, lost military base at Dien Bien Phu in 1954, left Vietnam
U.S. put Ngo Dihn Diem in control , unable to control countryside, growth of Viet Cong
U.S. War to stop communist
1980’s - failure of communism, 1990’s opening economy