1. Whip around Where is your favorite place to eat (i.e. restaurant)?
Be prepared to share aloud this story

2. 1
ABOUT COMMUNICATION
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.
No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

3. Our Agenda Why We Communicate The Nature of Communication
How We Communicate Interpersonally
Building Your Communication Competence

4. Why We Communicate Physical needs Relational needs Identity needs
Spiritual needs
Instrumental needs
© Minneapolis Star Tribune/ZUMA Press. Inc/Alamy

5. Why We Communicate Physical Needs
Presence or absence of communication affects physical health
Wide range of health threats can result from lack of close relationships
Positive relationships lead to better health
Personal communication is essential for our well-being

6. Relational Needs Communication provides vital link with others
Link between effective interpersonal communication and happiness
Many not successful at managing relationships
Positive relationships may be most important source of satisfaction and well-being
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.
No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

7. Why We Communicate Identity Needs
Identity comes from way we interact with others
Deprived of communication, we would have no sense of self
Gain idea of who we are from way others define us

8. Spiritual Needs
Communication lets us share our beliefs and values with others.
Principles valued in life
Loyalty
Equal treatment for all people
Morals
What’s right and wrong
Beliefs about the meaning of life
Faith (e.g. Christianity)

9. Instrumental Needs
Communication helps us accomplish personal and professional tasks.
Short-term:
Order a drink
Ask for directions
Long-term:
Getting a new job
Earning a promotion

10. Assessing Communication Needs
Apply three concepts we discussed today to the following clip from Modern Family.

11. The Nature of Communication
Scholars have used three models to demonstrate how the process of communication works:
Action model
Interaction model
Transaction model
© Westend61/Getty Images, RF

12. The Nature of Communication
The action model treats communication as a one-way process
A source formulates an idea
The source encodes the idea in the form of a message
The message is sent through a communication channel
A receiver decodes the message
Interpretation is affected by noise

13. The Process of Communication
A Linear View
Communication is “done to” a receiver
Figure 1.1

14. The Nature of Communication
The interaction model treats communication as a two-way process
It includes all elements of the action model, but also suggests that:
Receivers provide feedback through verbal and nonverbal behavior
The context of communication affects its meaning

15. The Nature of Communication
The transaction model treats communication as a multi-way process
It includes all elements of the interaction model, but also suggests that:
Both parties in conversation are simultaneously senders and receivers
Communication flows in both directions at once

16. The Process of Communication
A Transactional View
Communication as a uniquely human process
Figure 1.2

17. The importance of listening
What is active listening?
Did Ray engage in active listening?
What could have been done differently to improve the communication in this scene?

18. The Nature of Communication
Communication has many characteristics
Relies on multiple channels
Passes through perceptual filters
Given its meaning by people
Has literal meanings and relational implications
Sends messages, whether intentional or unintentional
Governed by rules

19. Case Study
Kristie and Jacob have been dating one another exclusively for four months. They both have part-time jobs and hope to complete their college studies within two years. Jacob thinks they should move in together. Kristie is reluctant to agree until she has more commitment from Jacob. Jacob doesn’t want to make promises he can’t keep. Kristie thinks that if they just communicate more they will be able to solve the problem, but Jacob thinks that talking about it more won’t help.
What needs do Kristie and Jacob seem to have?
Identify one element of the communication model that might help explain some of the communication problems they are having and help them communicate more effectively.
What communication principles and/or misconceptions described in Chapter 1 may be operating in this situation?
What likely role with mediated communication play in the scenario?
How would you advise Jacob and Kristie to proceed with their communication practices?

20. Nonverbal Group Project
Get into groups of 4
Swap contact information

21. Next Time
Finish chapter 1
Chapter 1 quiz

22. The Process of Communication
Interpersonal and Impersonal Communication
Quantitative Communication
Any interaction between two people, usually face to face
Can be considered routine or impersonal
Qualitative Communication
Occurs when we treat others as unique individuals regardless of context or the number of people involved

23. The Process of Communication
Interpersonal and Impersonal Communication
Differences between interpersonal and less personal communication
Uniqueness
Irreplaceability
Interdependence
Disclosure
Intrinsic Rewards

24. The Process of Communication
Interpersonal and Impersonal Communication
Most relationships neither interpersonal or impersonal
Fall on continuum
Buber
I-It
Relationships are stable, predictable, and detached
People do things for us
E.g. pump gas, laugh at our jokes, buy products, etc.
“Can you pick me up after work?”
“How can I get him/her to love me?”
I-Thou
Encounter each person as an individual; not a group
Constantly changes
No persuasion or control in relationships

25. The Nature of Communication
Myth: Everyone is a communication expert
Myth: Communication will solve any problem
Myth: Communication can break down
Myth: Communication is inherently good
Myth: More communication is always better

26. Communicating Interpersonally
Interpersonal communication (IPC) is . . .
Communication that occurs between two people within the context of their relationship and that, as it evolves, helps them negotiate and define their relationship

27. Communicating Interpersonally
IPC is pervasive
IPC can improve our relationships
IPC can improve our health
© Flying Colours Ltd/Getty Images, RF

28. Building Your Communication Competence
Competent communicators are effective and appropriate
Effectiveness describes how well your communication achieves its goals
Appropriateness describes how well your communication complies with the rules and expectations of the social situation

29. Building Your Communication Competence
Competent communicators share many characteristics and skills
Self-monitoring
Adaptability
Empathy
Cognitive complexity
Ethics

30. Building Your Communication Competence
Competent online communicators observe these practices:
Being aware of the potential for misunderstanding
Presuming that everything is permanent and nothing is secret
Avoiding communicating in anger

31. What Makes an Effective Communicator?
Communication Competence
There is no ideal way to communicate
A variety of communication styles can be effective
You can always learn new styles of communication
Competence is situational
Competence can be learned

32. What Makes an Effective Communicator?
Competent Communicator Characteristics
A wide range of behaviors
Ability to choose the most appropriate behavior
Skill at performing behaviors
Cognitive complexity
Empathy
Self-monitoring
Commitment

33. What Makes an Effective Communicator?
Competence in Intercultural Communication
Co-cultures
Age
Occupation
Sexual orientation
Physical disability
Religion
Know rules of specific culture
Culture-general

34. What Makes an Effective Communicator?
Competence in Intercultural Communication
Motivation
Tolerance for ambiguity
Open-mindedness
Knowledge and Skill
Mindfulness
Passive observation
Notice behaviors of members of a different culture and use insights for later use
Active strategies
Watch films, read articles, read books, etc.
Self-disclosure
Share info about yourself to receive info from others

35. Clueless http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yf7MT1p1VNI
Identify words used by Cher and her friends that are unique to their culture. Which words were not familiar to you?
Why do teenagers create new words and/or give old words new meanings?
Is it appropriate to use slang and jargon in public speeches?
Discuss this scene in terms of interpersonal, intercultural, and public speaking competence.

36. Think-Pair-Share
Think about whether you believe social media is good or bad. Apply the concepts we just discussed regarding social media.
Pair up with a partner.
Share your thoughts and ideas with your partner. Be prepared to share aloud with the whole class.

37. Social Media and Interpersonal Communication
Describes all channels that make personal communication possible
The difference between face-to-face and virtual relationships is eroding

38. Social Media and Interpersonal Communication
Isn’t threat to relationships once feared
Isn’t replacement for face-to-face interaction
Can increase quantity and quality of interpersonal communication
Asynchronous nature

39. Social Media and Interpersonal Communication
Challenges
Leaner Messages
No nonverbal cues
Disinhibition
Speaking or blurting out before thinking
2 forms: identity management and highly expressive
E.g. “This is a pic of me at a kegger.” or “what are you thinking? You should just go and cut your wrists?”
Permanence
Think twice before posting
If mom can’t see it, it probably should not be posted!

40. Fail!

41. Ellen and Social Media
Facebook
Auto Correct
Instagram
What can we take away from these funny but unfortunately true experiences?

42. Quiz 1 Pull out your textbook, notes, and PowerPoints.
Complete questions1-10.
Turn into me when you are done.
Next Time:
Chapter 2