1. Warm Up /1/17
If you could choose one thing to symbolize America, what would you choose and why?

2. Unit 1 Civilizations of Americas

5. Theories of Settlement
Earliest Settlers of the Americas*:
Migrated around 12, ,000 years ago
End of The Ice Age
~ 10,000 years ago
Came Across the Bering Straight*
Frozen Land Bridge*
B/w Siberia & Alaska
Hunters
Following Animals
Hidden after melting of ice

7. Another theory of settlement……
Recent Theory
Paddled Small Boats
Northeast Asia
To the Northwest coast
Neither theory has been proven
- Dates based on evidence found on prehistoric sites

9. New Environments Faced numerous climates and terrains Climate: Terrain
varied throughout
frigid to sweltering heat
Terrain
Icy Treeless- North
Hot, Rainforest - Equator
Deserts- Chile
Woodlands- North

10. Neolithic Revolution Neolithic Revolution Causes Great Change*
Domesticate plants and animals
Population increases*
Creates the first permanent settlements
Range of Crops:
Beans
Sweet Potatoes
Peppers
Squash
Corn
Maize- Native American
name for corn*

11. Mayan Civilization Maya* Location: Yucatan Peninsula* Southern Mexico
Central America

12. Mayans Agriculture: Farming*: slash & burn*
using floodwaters & irrigation

13. Mayans City- States*: (no empire) Small- governed their people
Large- governed neighbors
Structured Society:
Ruler at the top
Some women held power
Majority of people farmed

14. Mayans Math & Astronomy Culture Stela – sculpted stone monuments*
First to use Zero
365 day calendar
Culture
Stela – sculpted stone monuments*
Nobles, warriors, rulers
Mayan Gods

15. Mayans Theories of Decline Survive Spanish exploration
Warfare
Overpopulation – Over-farming – Exhaust soil
Survive Spanish exploration
~ 2 million live in Guatemala today

16. Aztecs Aztec* Location: Valley of Mexico* Central Mexico
Separate tribes*
Tribes spoke one language*
Legendary birthplace- Aztlan (Aztecs)

17. Aztec Capitol: “Inventive” Built capital in a swamp*
Tenochtitlan
Present day Mexico City
“Inventive”
Built capital in a swamp*
Connected by causeways
Used Chinampas - “Floating Gardens”*
Artificial islands

19. Aztecs Society: Warrior society* Military Structure:
Required tribute – payment from those conquered*
Structure:
King – leader (War)
Priests
Nobles
Middle Class
Farmers- Serfs- Slaves (POW)

20. Aztecs Religion & Advances:
Polytheistic*
Quetzalcoatl- serpent god- creator
Teotihuacán*- religious center*
Pyramids and temples
Human sacrifice - POW
Writing (hieroglyphs), math, 365 calendar

21. Warm Up 2/2/2017
List 3 Mesoamerican Civilizations
_________

22. Inca Located in SE Peru – 12th Century Inca* Formed on Western Coast
Andean Region*
Andes Mountains
12 million inhabitants

23. Inca
Inca*
Capital: Cuzco
From Ecuador to Chile
Andes Mountains*

24. Inca Sapa Inca Nobles – govern provinces Officials – carry out laws
Emperor
Divine – son of the sun
Religious leader
Nobles – govern provinces
Officials – carry out laws
Peasants

25. Inca Inca: Advances Quipo*
Colored strings knotted to represent various numbers: record keeping*
Road System
14,000 miles
Runners and army
Ordinary people restricted

26. Inca farming Inca Life:
Ayllu – village leader; carried out government orders
Assign jobs, arrange marriages
Build terraces
farming
Metalworking, weaving, surgery

27. Inca Agricultural System Religion Decline
Corn (maize), potato, squash, llamas, alpacas, and dogs
Religion
Polytheistic
Related to nature
Inti
Chief God
Sun God
Decline
Civil war
Arrival of Spanish invaders