1. Glencoe Health
Lesson 1
The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

2. The cardiovascular system moves
LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
The cardiovascular system moves
blood through the body, while the lymphatic system circulates lymph throughout the body.
BIG IDEA
New Vocabulary
plasma
lymph
hemoglobin
pathogen
platelets
blood pressure
capillaries
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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3. Why the Blood Circulates
LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Why the Blood Circulates
Main Idea
The cardiovascular system provides nutrients and oxygen, carries away wastes, and helps fight disease.
Your heart pumps blood to your body’s cells 24 hours a day, even when you’re asleep.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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4. Physical Benefits Your heart accomplishes these important tasks
LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Physical Benefits
Your heart accomplishes these important tasks
Carrying oxygen from the lungs to body cells
Absorbing and delivering nutrients from food to body cells
Carrying carbon dioxide from your cells back to your lungs to be exhaled
Delivering other waste products to the kidneys
Helping the white blood cells fight infections
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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5. How the Blood Circulates
LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
How the Blood Circulates
Main Idea
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood, and blood vessels.
Your heart is the muscle that makes the cardiovascular system work.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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6. LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
The Heart
Inside the heart are four chambers separated by a wall of tissue called the septum.
 The two top chambers are called the atria.
 The two lower chambers are called ventricles.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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7. LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
The Heart
Valves between the atria and ventricles allow blood to flow through the chambers.
At the top of the right atrium is an area of muscle that acts as a pace maker for the heart.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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8. The Heart LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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9. LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
How Blood Circulates
Pulmonary circulation is the process by which blood moves between the heart and the lungs.
Blood that has lost oxygen and picked up carbon dioxide and wastes receives fresh oxygen in the lungs.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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10. LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Blood
Blood is the fluid that delivers oxygen, hormones, and nutrients to the cells and carries away wastes.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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11. Blood Components of Blood Plasma Red Blood Cells White Blood Cells
LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Blood
Components of Blood
Plasma
Red Blood Cells
White Blood Cells
Platelets
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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12. LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Blood
About 55 percent of total blood volume consists of plasma, which is mainly water, but it also contains nutrients, proteins, salts, and hormones.
New Vocabulary
plasma
The fluid in which other parts of the blood are suspended.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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13. LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Blood
Red blood cells make up about 40 percent of normal blood. They contain hemoglobin.
New Vocabulary
hemoglobin
The oxygen-carrying protein in blood.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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14. LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Blood
Hemoglobin contains iron that binds with oxygen in the lungs and releases the oxygen in the tissues.
Hemoglobin also combines with carbon dioxide, a waste gas that is carried from the cells to the lungs to be exhaled.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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15. Blood White blood cells have one of three purposes:
LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Blood
Surround and ingest the organisms that cause disease
White blood cells have
one of three purposes:
Form antibodies that provide immunity against a second attack from the same disease
Fight allergic reactions
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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16. LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Blood
When the wall of a blood vessel tears, platelets collect at the tear and form a clot that blocks the flow of blood.
New Vocabulary
platelets
Types of cells in the blood that cause blood clots to form.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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17. Humans have one of four types of blood
LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Blood
Humans have one of four types of blood A
(contains antigens) B
(contains antigens) AB
(contains antigens) O
(does not
contain antigens)
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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18. LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Blood
A person with blood types A, B, or AB must receive blood from someone with the same blood type so that the antigens in their blood match.
A person with blood types A, B, or AB can also receive blood from someone with type O blood because type O blood has no antigens.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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19. LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Blood
People with type O blood are called universal donors, because anyone can receive their blood.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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20. The three main types of blood vessels
LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Blood Vessels
Arteries
The three main types of blood vessels
Capillaries
Veins
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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21. LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Blood Vessels
Arteries are vessels that branch into progressively smaller vessels called arterioles, which deliver blood to capillaries.
New Vocabulary
arteries
Blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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22. LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Blood Vessels
Capillaries reach almost all body cells, Capillaries near the skin’s surface can dilate or constrict to adjust body temperature.
New Vocabulary
capillaries
Small vessels that carry blood from arterioles and to small vessels called venules, which empty into veins.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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23. LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Blood Vessels
The large veins, the vena cava, carry deoxygenated blood to the right atrium. Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood to the left atrium.
New Vocabulary
veins
Blood vessels that return blood to the heart.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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24. How Lymph Circulation Works
LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
How Lymph Circulation Works
Main Idea
The lymphatic system helps fight infection and provides immunity to disease.
The lymphatic system is a system of vessels much like the cardiovascular system.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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25. How Lymph Circulation Works
LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
How Lymph Circulation Works
The lymphatic system consists of a network of vessels and tissues that move and filter lymph.
New Vocabulary
lymph
The clear fluid that fills the spaces around body cells.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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26. How Lymph Circulation Works
LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
How Lymph Circulation Works
Lymph contains water, proteins, fats, and specialized white blood cells called lymphocytes that protect the body against pathogens.
New Vocabulary
pathogen
A microorganism that causes disease.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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27. How Lymph Circulation Works
LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
How Lymph Circulation Works
Lymph is filtered by lymph nodes, small bean-shaped organs found in lymph vessels.
White blood cells within lymph nodes trap and destroy pathogens.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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28. Maintaining Your Circulatory Health
LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Maintaining Your Circulatory Health
Main Idea
Healthy habits can help protect the health of the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems.
Many problems with the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems first appear later in life.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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29. Maintaining your Circulatory Health
LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Circulatory Health
Maintaining your Circulatory Health
 Eat a well-balanced diet.
 Maintain a healthy weight.
Participate in regular aerobic exercise for at least
30 minutes three or four times per week. 
 Avoid secondhand smoke or using tobacco products
 Avoid illegal drug use
 Get regular medical check-ups.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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30. LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Blood Pressure
Maintaining blood pressure in the cardiovascular system is important for proper blood circulation.
New Vocabulary
blood pressure
A measure of the amount of force that the blood places on the walls of blood vessels, particularly large arteries, as it is pumped through the body.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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31. A blood pressure reading includes two numbers
LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Blood Pressure
Systolic pressure
The maximum pressure as your heart contracts to push blood into your arteries.
A blood pressure reading includes two numbers
Diastolic pressure
The pressure at its lowest point when your ventricles relax.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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32. LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Blood Pressure
A healthy person’s blood pressure will vary within a normal range of below 120/80.
Blood pressure that is above 140/90 is considered high and places a strain on the heart.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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33. Cardiovascular System Problems
LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Cardiovascular System Problems
Main Idea
Some cardiovascular problems are inherited; others result from illness, diet, or aging.
Disorders of the cardiovascular system have wide-ranging effects and varying treatments.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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34. Cardiovascular System Problems
LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Cardiovascular System Problems
Congenital
heart defects
Conditions of the heart that are present at birth.
Heart murmurs
Abnormal sounds that are made as blood flows through the heart.
Varicose veins
Formed as a result of the values in veins not closing tightly enough to prevent the backflow of blood.
Anemia
A condition in which the ability of the blood to carry oxygen is reduced.
Hemophilia
An inherited disorder. The blood does not clot properly.
Leukemia
A form of cancer. The white blood cells are produced excessively and abnormally.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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35. Lymphatic System Problems
LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Lymphatic System Problems
Main Idea
Problems of the lymphatic system can range from mild to life-threatening
Disorders of the lymphatic system may be caused by infection or heredity.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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36. Lymphatic System Problems
LESSON 1 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Lymphatic System Problems
Tonsillitis
Your tonsils help reduce the number of pathogens entering the body through the respiratory system. If the tonsils become infected, tonsillitis results.
Immune deficiency
Immune deficiency results if the immune system is weakened and can no longer protect the body against infection.
Hodgkin’s disease
Also called Hodgkin’s lymphoma, this type of cancer affects the lymph tissue in lymph nodes and the spleen.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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37. LESSON 1 Review The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
After You Read
Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary
Why is the cardiovascular system important to your overall health?
This system carries oxygen and nutrients to cells, carries carbon dioxide and wastes away from cells, and fights disease through blood cells that fight infection.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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38. LESSON 1 Review The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
After You Read
Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary
What behaviors will help you prevent high blood pressure?
Maintain a healthy weight with a nutritious, low-salt diet; stay physically active; manage stress; avoid tobacco and drugs.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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39. After You Read What do the blood pressure numbers measure?
LESSON 1 Review The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
After You Read
Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary
What do the blood pressure numbers measure?
The top number measures the maximum pressure as your heart contracts to push blood into your arteries. The bottom number measures the pressure at its lowest point when your ventricles relax.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
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40. Glencoe Health End of The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Chapter 15
Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson 1
The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
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