1. Prepared By: Hayat al-japery Afra al-Hajri
Chemical fertilizers
Prepared By:
Hayat al-japery
Afra al-Hajri

2. Outline Introduction Chemical fertilizer’s definition
Type of chemical fertilizers
compound fertilizers products
Fertilizers and environment
Conclusion
References

3. Introduction
To make plants grow faster and stay healthy, you need to supply the elements that the plants need in readily available forms.  That is the goal of fertilizer

4. Chemical fertilizer’s definition
Natural or artificial substance containing the chemical elements that improve growth and productiveness of plants.

5. Type of fertilizers primary fertilizers secondary nutrients
Organic fertilizers

6. Primary fertilizers
include substances derived from nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. When ammonia is used as the nitrogen source in a fertilizer.

7. Secondary nutrients
are added to some fertilizers to help make them more effective. e.g.:
Calcium is obtained from limestone.
The magnesium source in fertilizers is derived from dolomite
Sulfur is another material that is mined and added to fertilizers

8. Organic fertilizers
Organic fertilizers include naturally-occurring organic materials, such as manure, worm castings, compost, seaweed, guano and peat moss.
organic fertilizers can improve the health and long-term productivity of soil.
It is believed by some that 'organic' agricultural methods are more environmentally friendly and better maintain soil organic matter

9. compound fertilizers products
Nitrogen fertilizer component
Phosphorous fertilizer component
Potassium fertilizer component
Urea

10. Nitrogen fertilizer component
Ammonia is one nitrogen fertilizer component that can be synthesized from in-expensive raw
E.g.
ammonium nitrate. This material is a good fertilizer component because it has a high concentration of nitrogen

11. Phosphorous fertilizer component
E.g
ammonium phosphate, another good primary fertilizer

12. Potassium fertilizer component
Potassium chloride is typically supplied to fertilizer manufacturers in bulk. The manufacturer converts it into a more usable form by granulating it. This makes it easier to mix with other fertilizer components

13. Urea is an organic compound with the chemical formula (NH2)2CO.
It was the first organic compound to be artificially synthesized from inorganic starting materials
formation of urea from ammonia and carbon dioxide.
The reaction is exothermic:
2 NH3 + CO2 ↔ H2N-COONH4 () Urea is used
as a nitrogen-release fertilizer, as it hydrolyses
back to ammonia and carbon dioxide

14. Fertilizers and environment
Fertilizer research is currently focusing on reducing the harnful environmental impacts of fertilizer use and finding new, less expensive sources of fertilizers. Such things that are being investigated to make fertilizers more environmentally friendly are improved methods of application
New sources of fertilizers are also being investigated. It has been found that sewage sludge contains many of the nutrients that are needed for a good fertilizer. Unfortunately, it also contains certain substances such as lead, cadmium, and mercury in concentrations which would be harmful to plants. Efforts are underway to remove the unwanted elements.

15. Conclusion
Fertilizers are broadly divided into organic fertilizers (composed of enriched organic matter—plant or animal), or inorganic fertilizers (composed of synthetic chemicals and/or minerals).

16. References Books Stocchi, E. Industrial Chemistry. Ellis Horwood, 1990

17. Thank you for your attention