1. EVOLUTION

3. Jean-Baptiste Lamark: 1744-1829
most famous for incorrectly theorizing on the process of evolution
As a giraffe stretches its neck to reach for food, its neck grows longer; this trait is passed to offspring
did not realize that acquired traits are not genetic

4. Tree of Life

6. SPECIATION: the development of a new species
Sometimes the variation among organisms is too great; eventually they could become separate species
SPECIATION: the development of a new species

7. SPECIES: a population of organisms that can produce fertile offspring
able to reproduce

8. MULE X
HORSE – Equus caballus
DONKEY – Equus assinus

9. Allopatric Speciation: two populations are separated by geographic barriers such as rivers, mountains, bodies of water, etc.
Ex: Albert Squirrel and Kaibab Squirrel

10. PANGAEA:
a proposed supercontinent that formed over 300 million years ago
Began separating 200 million years ago

11. Allopatric Speciation: two populations are separated by geographic barriers such as rivers, mountains, bodies of water, etc.
Ex: Albert Squirrel and Kaibab Squirrel
Sympatric Speciation: two populations are reproductively isolated; commonly due to polyploidism

12. Parapatric Speciation: two populations living in the same geographic area become different species due to different selective pressures
BEHAVIORAL
Ex: Eastern Meadowlarks & Western Meadowlarks have different mating songs
TEMPORAL
Ex: flowers blooming at different seasons

13. DIVERGENT EVOLUTION:
evolution of different features from similar lineages

14. DIVERGENT EVOLUTION:
evolution of different features from similar lineages

15. DIVERGENT EVOLUTION:
evolution of different features from similar lineages

16. DIVERGENT EVOLUTION:
evolution of different features from similar lineages
Divergent Evolution and Homologous Structures show how certain species may have come from the same ancestor

17. CONVERGENT EVOLUTION:
evolution of similar features from different lineages

18. CONVERGENT EVOLUTION:
evolution of similar features from different lineages

19. CONVERGENT EVOLUTION:
evolution of similar features from different lineages

20. CONVERGENT EVOLUTION:
evolution of similar features from different lineages

21. CONVERGENT EVOLUTION:
evolution of similar features from different lineages
Convergent Evolution and Vestigial Structures show how different species adapt to similar environments

23. CONVERGENT different becomes same
DIVERGENT same becomes different