1. Integumentary System
Chapter 6

2. Integumentary system Skin and various structures
Skin is considered an organ
Composed of several tissue types
Various functions
maintain homeostasis (regulates temp and water loss)
protection
contains immune cells
excretes small amounts of waste

3. Functions of the integument
Protection from:
UV light
Mechanical damage UV
contains a hormone important for T cell growth and development.

4. Protection from
Microorganisms
Chemicals

5. Human skin Epidermis Dermis Subcutaneous layer Outer layer
Stratified
squamous
epithelium
Dense irregular
connective
tissue
Adipose tissue
Epidermis
Outer layer
Stratified squamous epithelium
Dermis
Inner layer
Contains collagenous fibers
Subcutaneous layer
Beneath dermis
Adipose tissue

7. Epidermis
Stratified squamous epithelium on basement membrane, cells die as they are pushed up
Lacks blood vessels
Keratinized- depositing keratin within the cells, toughens, waterproofs
Thickest on palms and soles

8. Psoriasis Cell division gone wrong in the epidermis
Excess accumulation of cells

9. Epidermis Melanocytes produce melanin Melanin absorbs UV radiation
Provides skin color

10. Mutations in melanin genes

12. Why is tanning so harmful?

13. Melanoma
Squamous cell
Basal cell

14. A B C D -Asymmetry -Border -Color -Diameter
-Diameter

15. Skin lesions

16. Possible melanomas Irregular edges Abnormal surfaces Unusual sensation
cancer.gov

17.
8:12

18. Dermis Binds epidermis to underlying tissues Dense connective tissue
Muscle cells
Nerve cells
Blood vessels
Hair follicles
Glands
Hair shaft
Sweat gland pore
Sweat
Stratum corneum
Stratum basale
Dermal papilla
Basement
membrane
Capillary
Tactile (Meissner’s)
corpuscle
Sweat gland duct
Sebaceous gland
Arrector pili muscle
Sweat gland
Lamellated
(Pacinian) corpuscle
Hair follicle
Adipose tissue
Nerve cell process
Blood vessels
Muscle layer
Sub-
cutaneous
layer
Dermis
Epidermis

19. Accessory structures of the skin
Nails
Hair
Skin glands
Receptors

20. Nails
Protective covering
Three parts
Nail plate
Nail bed
Lunula

21. Hair follicles Epidermal cells Tube like depression
Root, bulb, shaft (dead)
Arrector pili H a i r b u l
Dermal
blood
vessels
Hair papilla
Region of
cell division
Eccrine
sweat gland
Hair follicle
Arrector pili
muscle
Hair root
(keratinized
cells)
Sebaceous
gland
Pore
Hair shaft

22. Glands Sebaceous Associated with hair follicles
Secretes sebum (fatty material)
Keeps hair and skin soft and waterproof
Acne

23. Glands
Sweat
Respond to elevated temps (eccrine), emotional distress (apocrine)
Release moisture

24. Sensory Receptors:
Pain
Temperature
Pressure

25. The integumentary and homeostasis
Prevents heat loss
Blood vessels constrict
Inactivate sweat glands
Prevents overheating
Blood vessels dilate
Sweat glands secrete (evaporative cooling)

26. Injury to the integumentary system

27. Skin repair
Inflammation- blood vessels dilate, allow fluids to leak into damaged tissue
Fluids have clotting proteins and other substances
Increase in WBC, debris removed, clot forms

28. Cuts
A shallow cut, epidermal cells along the cut divide more rapidly than usually
Deep cuts, blood vessels break, clotting
Growth factors stimulate new tissue formation
Excess collagenous fibers may form a scar
Scar tissue- strong but not as flexible, can’t perform functions of replaced tissue

30. Burns First degree Superficial partial-thickness Epidermis
Dermal blood vessels dilate
Few days to two weeks, no scarring

31. Burns Second degree Deep partial-thickness Epidermis and some dermis
Dermal blood vessels dilate
Fluid escapes from capillaries (blisters)
Takes longer to heal, may or may not have scarring

32. Burns Third degree Full-thickness
Epidermis, dermis, and accessory structures
May or may not heal on own
(No photo to reduce gagging in class!!!)

33. Burns
Fourth degree
Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous, connective tissue, bone
(No photo to reduce gagging in class!!!)

34. Burns Healing third degree burns
Assists in healing, protects from infection
Autograft
Allograft
Skin substitutes

36. Aging of the skin Age spots Epidermis thins Loss of fat
Wrinkling, sagging
Less sebaceous secretion
Decrease in number of hair follicles
Slowed melanin production
More…

37. Aging Intrinsic- genetic factors
Extrinsic- what we are exposed to (sun, smoking, etc.)

39. Reversing the aging process
Botox- toxin produced by bacterium

40. Moisturize me!!!

42. Exam review 50 multiple choice questions
50 questions, 50 minute class = 1 minute per question (be on time!!!)
Phones- if they are out at any time, you will receive a zero on your exam.
Scantron- bring a #2 pencil.
If you are confused about a question, ask me ASAP!!!

43. Tips Study old quizzes and WODs Several “identify …. in this picture”
Pick the best answer (some options may be somewhat correct…you want the best answer)
Don’t freak out!