1. Get out your history homework

2. History of South Asia
Ch. 24 Sec. 2

3. 1. What were 3 developments of the Indus Valley civilization?
Writing system
Strong central govn’t
Masters of overseas trade
Organized, planned cities
Uniform weights and measures

4. Indus Valley Civilization
Mohenjo-Daro

5. 2. What are 2 of the world’s oldest cities
2. What are 2 of the world’s oldest cities? What technology did they have?
Mohenjo-Daro & Harappa
Bricks made by kilns (still used today)
Plumbing systems
Sanitation systems
Signs of dentistry: drilled,
crowned teeth!

6. Mohenjo-Daro: Great Bath

7. 3. What do many scientists believe led to their decline?
Flooding
Drought
Δ in monsoons leaves area cool & dry
Tectonic activity diverts river elsewhere
Disease

8. 4. Who were the Aryans? 5. What were the Vedas?
Light-skinned herders and hunters from the northwest (possibly 1700 B.C.E.)
5. What were the Vedas?
Collection of sacred writings- show ideas of religion, social structure, hymns, etc.
Hindu sacred text (to some); oldest in Sanskrit

9. Aryan Arrival

10. 6. Aryan social class pyramid
Structure was first (intermarriage, etc), but became more complex and rigid caste system

11. 7. When did the Mauryan Empire control S. Asia? What religion?
B.C.E. (Chandragupta Maurya)
Ruled all but southernmost India
Buddhism (Asoka’s pillars)

13. 8. When did the Gupta Empire rule. What are things its famous for
8. When did the Gupta Empire rule? What are things its famous for? Religion?
C.E. (Chandra Gupta I)
Golden Age of India (sciences, math, astronomy, religion)
Concept of zero & infinity, origin of Arabic #s, heliocentric theory
Hinduism

14. 500 healing plants identified Printed medicinal guides
Gupta Achievements
1000 diseases classified
500 healing plants identified
Printed medicinal guides
Kalidasa
Literature
Plastic Surgery
Medicine
Inoculations
Gupta India
C-sections performed
Solar Calendar
Astronomy
Mathematics
Decimal System
The earth is round
PI =
Concept of Zero

16. 9. How did the Mogul (Mughal) Empire come to power?
Muslim missionaries & traders were moving across Africa & Asia
Moguls, over time, took control over most of Indian subcontinent (1526)
Most land gained under Akbar
Defeated only by British in 1857

17. Taj Mahal (Agra, India)
CE by Shah Jahan

18. 10. Who were the first Europeans?
Portuguese, 1500
11. What was the East India Company and its significance?
Began as a trade company for East Indies mainly India & China
Soon began ruling some India ( )
British Crown then took control of India
(there was a Dutch EIC that affected Africa, and SE Asia islands)

19. 12. What did the British call their empire
12. What did the British call their empire? How did colonization influence Indian culture?
Raj (empire)
Brought English language*
New educational system
Built RRs
Civil/public services

21. Modern South Asia India 13. What is significant about 1947?
Gained independence from Britain
14. How was India further divided?
India formed for Hindus, Pakistan (east & west) for Muslims
15. How did the division of India impact people?
Forced to move to country of religion violent conflicts erupted
Kashmir

22. Modern South Asia Sri Lanka Maldives
16. When did Sri Lanka gain independence, from who?
1948 from Britain; Ceylon S.L. (1972)
Britain favored Tamils…prelude to civil war
Maldives
17. When did the Maldives gain independence, from who?
1965 from Britain

23. Modern South Asia Pakistan/Bangladesh
18. What is significant about 1971?
Indo-Pakistani War b/w East & West, India fought against West Pak. Bangladesh created
Extremely violent
(began with genocide
against Bengali Hindus)

24. Modern South Asia 19. List 2 regional conflicts.
Kashmir disputed b/w India & Pakistan
Nuclear proliferation adds to tension
Tamils want independent state w/in Sri Lanka (civil war)
(will discuss more with Webquest hw )

26. Modern South Asia 20. List the type of government of each country.
India: largest democracy in world
Pakistan: Islamic Republic with military involvement (unstable)
Sri Lanka & Bangladesh: democracies w/ instability due to ethnic clashes
Nepal & Maldives: was monarchy, now democracy (2008, 1968 respectively)
Bhutan: Democracy w/ monarch (2007)

27. Male, Maldives