1. From: Nonlocal Modeling and Swarm-Based Design of Heat Sinks
Date of download: 9/27/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Nonlocal Modeling and Swarm-Based Design of Heat Sinks
J. Heat Transfer. 2013;136(1): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Illustration of a straight-fin heat sink with tapered, (a) smooth and (b) scale-roughed surface fins

2. From: Nonlocal Modeling and Swarm-Based Design of Heat Sinks
Date of download: 9/27/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Nonlocal Modeling and Swarm-Based Design of Heat Sinks
J. Heat Transfer. 2013;136(1): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Flow chart of the VAT-based heat sink simulation routine

3. From: Nonlocal Modeling and Swarm-Based Design of Heat Sinks
Date of download: 9/27/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Nonlocal Modeling and Swarm-Based Design of Heat Sinks
J. Heat Transfer. 2013;136(1): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Flow chart of PSO algorithm [62]

4. From: Nonlocal Modeling and Swarm-Based Design of Heat Sinks
Date of download: 9/27/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Nonlocal Modeling and Swarm-Based Design of Heat Sinks
J. Heat Transfer. 2013;136(1): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Evolution of thermal resistance during the (a) PSO and (b) GA optimizations of a smooth surface straight-fin heat sink. Thin, light colored lines indicate the individual trials while thick, dark colored lines indicate the average of the ten trials.

5. From: Nonlocal Modeling and Swarm-Based Design of Heat Sinks
Date of download: 9/27/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Nonlocal Modeling and Swarm-Based Design of Heat Sinks
J. Heat Transfer. 2013;136(1): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Evolution of the scaled design parameters during the (a) PSO and (b) GA optimizations of a smooth surface straight-fin heat sink. Thin, light colored lines indicate the individual trials while thick, dark colored lines indicate the average of the ten trials.

6. From: Nonlocal Modeling and Swarm-Based Design of Heat Sinks
Date of download: 9/27/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Nonlocal Modeling and Swarm-Based Design of Heat Sinks
J. Heat Transfer. 2013;136(1): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Evolution of thermal resistance during the (a) PSO and (b) GA optimizations of a scale-roughened straight-fin heat sink

7. From: Nonlocal Modeling and Swarm-Based Design of Heat Sinks
Date of download: 9/27/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Nonlocal Modeling and Swarm-Based Design of Heat Sinks
J. Heat Transfer. 2013;136(1): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Evolution of the scaled design parameters during the (a) PSO and (b) GA optimizations of a scale-roughened straight-fin heat sink

8. From: Nonlocal Modeling and Swarm-Based Design of Heat Sinks
Date of download: 9/27/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Nonlocal Modeling and Swarm-Based Design of Heat Sinks
J. Heat Transfer. 2013;136(1): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Nonlocal fluid (left) and solid (right) temperature fields for the optimal scale-roughened straight-fin heat sink found by the PSO after its (a) first, (b) fourth, and (c) final iteration, along with those for the (d) optimal smooth straight-fin heat sink. The fully developed velocity field profiles and the 90 °C contour lines are indicated superimposed on the fluid and solid temperature fields, respectively.