1. Planning and strategy for HL-LHC R2E
S. Danzeca (EN-STI) on behalf of the R2E Project
Many thanks to: M. Brugger, J. Casas-Cubillos, R. Denz, R. Garcia-Alia, S.Gilardoni, P. Krakowski, T. Leferve, A.Masi, G. Pigny, V. Senaj, M. Sosin, J. Steckert, Y. Thurel, B. Todd, N. Trikoupis, S. Uznanski
6th HL-LHC Workshop – Paris – 14/16 November 2016

2. R2E Target failure rate
In order to reach the expected integrated luminosity, the availability of the machine has to be high (from Lucio’s presentation > 58%)
Few failures due to radiation can be tolerated per year
In the past we considered as target 0.1 dumps/fb-1 for the HL-LHC
Can we go even lower than that?
S.Danzeca - Planning and strategy for HL-LHC R2E

3. The strategy
R2E mitigation was successful: very good conditions and availability
For HL-LHC : prevention before mitigation!
Monitoring for prevention
Monitoring
Analysis
Prevention
Mitigation
Mitigation
S.Danzeca - Planning and strategy for HL-LHC R2E

4. System already installed
Prevention - Strategy
Prevention deals with preventing faults to show up during operation. This can be accomplished by use of development methodologies and good implementation techniques.
System already installed
Their fault rate should be assessed considering higher radiation levels for the HL era
The relocation should be notified and the expected failure rate reconsidered
New Developments
Have to follow a radiation assurance procedure RHA
The criticality should be assessed
The system has to be tested in a representative radiation environment
Radiation Hardness Assurance Project Validation (RHAPV) document
Radiation Hardness Assurance Procedures and Structure (RHAPS) document
P. Fessia, M. Leon: HL-LHC Integration Meeting N59
S.Danzeca - Planning and strategy for HL-LHC R2E

5. New Developments
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
600A – 4/6/8kA
Power Converter
60A – 120A
600A and 4/6/8/kA power supplies ready for the LS2
60A & 120A HL-LHC specific design
iQPS
QDS Point 7
QPS
iQPS for main quads to be renovated in LS2
New Nb3Sn based magnets require new QDS systems running on tight margins
BLM ASIC
BE/BI
CRYO BLM
BLM readout ASIC has to be deployed during LS3
Cryo BLMs have to withstand high doses (2MGy) R&D already in place
Active Gauges
Active Gauges
Vacuum
Turbo Controller
Active gauges development
New RadTol turbo controller (TBD)
FGClite (TE-EPC) to be deployed during the EYETS 2017
Capacitive sensors signal conditioners for the alignment of Q1-Q5 (EN-ACE)
Rad-Hard valve positioner (TE-CRG) to be tested for HL-LHC requirements
MKBH generators GTO possible replacement
Complete list of developments in the R2E Pre HL-LHC workshop :
S.Danzeca - Planning and strategy for HL-LHC R2E

6. New Developments - Support
The new developments are followed by R2E which gives full support via the Radiation Working Group (RADWG) and Monitoring and Calculation Working group (MCWG)
Radiation test service
Common building blocks
Characterization of commercial components used by all the groups (i.e FPGAs, Ethernet PHY, ADCs)
Rad-Hard building blocks/components to be used in radiation tolerant design in collaboration with ESA and external companies (DSP, Ethernet PHY, ADC etc.)
Test Facilities/Contracting
CHARM, Co60, Vesper and external radiation facilities
Dedicated monitoring/calculations
S.Danzeca - Planning and strategy for HL-LHC R2E

7. Monitoring
The radiation environment is a key ingredient to set target levels in lifetime (TID, DD) and failure rate (SEE) testing for compliance with HL-LHC availability requirements
The radiation levels are important to extrapolate the cross sections of the installed equipment in order to foresee an upgrade for HL-LHC if necessary
Today’s estimations of the radiation levels in HL-LHC are based on a combination of present measurements, scaling trends and calculations
Radiation levels are related to several factors
This is vital and serves as input for the equipment groups
S.Danzeca - Planning and strategy for HL-LHC R2E

8. HL-LHC shielded areas in P1 and P5
A network of TCL (Target Collimator Long physics debris) collimators secures the protection of the cold magnets in the Matching Section
In 2015 and 2016, TCL6 was open (i.e. best-case scenario for RR)
In the HL-LHC case, all the TCLs are indispensable for magnet protection
Closing TCL.6R/L increases the radiation level in the RR for both the point 1 and 5
RR shielded:
ΦHEH2016 = 3.3·108 HEH/cm2/250 fb-1
ΦHEHFLUKA ~1·1010 HEH/cm2/250 fb-1
Simulated HL-LHC values are larger than a factor >10 with respect to what is obtained by scaling the 2016 measurements with luminosity
A. Tsinganis
S.Danzeca - Planning and strategy for HL-LHC R2E

9. ARC radiation Levels
2016: ~2x less integrated intensity per integrated luminosity (β*, crossing angle, etc.)
Observed levels were an additional factor 2 smaller
Possible improvement in the vacuum levels reducing beam-gas interactions
2017 measurements to be used for final extrapolation
Point 6
C. Martinella
O. Stein
S.Danzeca - Planning and strategy for HL-LHC R2E

10. Monitoring convention
We were always referring to the radiation levels in three big categories: ARC (cell ), DS(cell 11-7), LSS (cell 6-1)
Nowadays peak loss points are measured also in the ARC (above cell 12) where up to now the radiation levels have been considered constant.
We have to reference the DS area in the R2E context as from cell 7 to cell 16
In terms of prevention, we could foresee a relocations of tunnel systems from the DS and hot spots
13L5
12L5
11L5
14L5
S.Danzeca - Planning and strategy for HL-LHC R2E

11. Radiation Levels for HL-LHC
LHC (2016 up to 30 fb-1, measured)
HL-LHC (250 fb-1/yr)
Location
ΦHEH
(cm-2)
Φneq
Dose (Gy)
ARC
108
2·10-1
DS(peak)
3·1010 60
RR7
107
10-2
RR1/5
109
10-1
UJ1/5
5·108
5·109
5·10-1
UL1/5
Location
ΦHEH
(cm-2)
Φneq
Dose (Gy)
ARC
109 2
DS(peak)
3·1011
600
RR7
108
10-1
RR1/5
1010
1011 10
UJ1/5
5·109
5·1010 5
UL1/5
β*, crossing angle, etc.
Lower losses
TCL impact
Conversion factors:
Tunnel: 2 Gy ~ 109 HEH/cm2 ~ 109 neq/cm2
Shielded: 1 Gy ~ 109 HEH/cm2 ~ 1010 neq/cm2
Scaling factors:
ARC: intensity, availability, beam-gas pressure
RR7: collimation losses
RR1/5: luminosity + TCL (FLUKA)
UL, UJ, DS: luminosity
DS/ARC strategy
RR Qualification Requirements & Shielding
S.Danzeca - Planning and strategy for HL-LHC R2E

12. Conclusions
Nowadays very good conditions and availability thanks to mitigation strategy
The strategy for HL-LHC is: PREVENTION before mitigation
New developments RHA documents that follows the equipment groups in the assurance of the required failure rates
Integration document to be iterated within R2E to follow any change in the equipment relocation
Monitoring is vital for setting the lifetime and failure rates requirements and verifying the existing equipment hidden failures
Monitoring and simulations during the next years will clarify possible scenarios for HL-LHC which can pose different requirements for the equipment groups.
Full support to all the equipment groups by the R2E project via the Radiation Working Group and Monitoring and Calculation working group.
S.Danzeca - Planning and strategy for HL-LHC R2E

13. Thank you
S.Danzeca - Planning and strategy for HL-LHC R2E