1. Home front

2. Economic boom Prosperous economy
Eisenhower kept most New Deal Programs
Consumer spending-people were buying goods
People dreamed of a more comfortable, secure life

3. G.I. BILL OF RIGHTS Benefits provided to WWII veterans:
6 million to school or training
2 million to higher education
Low cost mortgages and loans

4. Baby Boom Sharp increase in the U.S. birthrate after World War II
Population grew by approx 30 million people in the 1950s

5. Growth of Suburbs Residential areas surrounding a city
Families left crowded cities for larger, single-family homes
Levittown-thousands of identical homes standard with a white picket fence and green grass

6. Effects of suburbs Shopping centers, movie theaters, and restaurants
Car sales exploded
28 million in million by 1960
Highway act of billion to build 41,000 miles of roads

7. Cultural Changes By 1960-9/10 households owned a TV
Rock ‘n’ roll music (Elvis Presley)
“beatniks” attacked “square” society and resisted conformity (going along with the beliefs of the majority)

8. McCarthyism
Efforts to contain communism led to the frustration of many Americans
1950, Senator Joseph McCarthy accused 205 members of the U.S. government of participating in communist activities

9. Effects of McCarthyism
1954-televised hearings
Senate disapproved of McCarthy’s conduct
He eventually faded from public view
Due to the hysteria over communism, many people in the U.S. were “blacklisted” (denied employment)
Blacklisted-denying employment
army –mccarthy hearings

10. conformity and consumerism
1950s  1960s
conformity and consumerism
rebellion and counterculture

11. 1960s on the home front

12. Rise of the counterculture
Anti-establishment (opposition to accepted social or political norms)
1960s-many young people! (baby boom)
Vietnam, race relations, women’s rights, “hippies”

13. Music and Fashion of the 1960s

14. JFK- The Election of 1960
This election was between Senator John Fitzgerald Kennedy and Vice-President Richard Nixon.
One of the closest elections in U.S. history, Kennedy won the popular vote by only 120,000 votes!
Some say this election was won and lost because of the television.
4535W_o&feature=related

15. JFK- Facts about the President
First and only Catholic President
New Frontier-nickname given to his domestic policies
Worked with Civil Rights leaders including Dr. King.
Created the Peace Corps.
NASA-committed to putting a man on the moon before end of the decade
Was assassinated in Dallas, Texas on November 22,
Many people still believe that the JFK assassination is a government conspiracy…

16. JFK…In his own words:
JFK’s Inaugural speech:

17. The JFK assassination Lee Harvey Oswald
conspiracy theories
conspiracies
footage
One man?
Lee Harvey Oswald
The Warren Commission claims that the lone gunman was Oswald.
Many say his hatred of democracy caused him to assassinate Kennedy.
Oswald spent some time in the Soviet Union.
Oswald was assassinated 3 days after JFK by mobster Jack Ruby…no trial was needed…the assassin was dead…

18. Assassination pictures
JFK Dallas police radio)
Assassination pictures
(Cronkite)

19. JFK- Memorial at Arlington National Cemetery

21. Civil Rights Movement
Movement to ensure the rights of all people were protected by law

22. Background Political equality V. Social Reality
13th, 14th, 15th Amendments-gave African Americans equal political rights
Plessy V. Ferguson-Separate but equal
Jim Crow Laws-segregate the races
Political equality V.
Social Reality

23. Civil Rights Events

24. Brown V. Board of Education (1954)
“We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of ‘separate but equal’ has no place. Separate educational faculties are inherently unequal.” —Chief Justice Earl Warren, Brown V. Board of Education Topeka

25. Brown V. Board of Education
Court overturned Plessy V. Ferguson
Called for integration (combining) of the nation’s public schools.
African American children would receive the same educational opportunities as white children
Resisted in many communities

26. Rosa Parks/ Montgomery Bus Boycott
Arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a city bus
Led to the Montgomery bus boycott
Boycott-refusal to buy, use, or participate in something

27. Montgomery Bus Boycott
1956-Supreme Court ruled segregation of the buses unconstitutional
Led to the founding of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference- led nonviolent protests across the south
Martin Luther King Jr.-set on a path to make him the best known civil rights leader of his day

28. Emmett Till-1955
14 year old African American boy-accused of “flirting” with a white woman
Brutally murdered by the husband and brother-not convicted
Brought national attention to Jim Crow Laws and the segregation in the south

29. Little Rock 9 De-segregation of schools (Brown V. Board)
First 9 students enrolled at Little Rock Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas

30. Little Rock 9
September 4, 1957-turned away by the Arkansas National Guard called in by the Governor
September 25-escorted by the 101st airborne sent by President Eisenhower
Escorted in to school by the U.S. Army
Military presence will remain
little rock

31. Tactics/Events Sit-ins Boycotts Protests March on Washington-1963
Freedom Rides of 1961
Freedom Summer 1964
Race Riots (Rochester-1964)

32. Rochester Race Riots http://wxxi.org/july64/
time line

33. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. 1929-1968
born in Atlanta, Georgia
Well educated Baptist Minister
Came to prominence during the Montgomery, Georgia bus boycott in 1955.

34. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
Influenced during college by the beliefs of Gandhi.
Preached the philosophy of nonviolence and civil disobedience (refusal to obey certain laws)
Led the March on Washington D.C. in August of 1963, where he gave his famous ‘I Have a Dream” speech.
I Have a Dream

35. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
Won the Nobel Peace Prize in
Worked with both Presidents Kennedy and Johnson to fulfill the dream with the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Influenced and was leader of the SCLC. (Southern Christian Leadership Conference)
Was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee on April 4, 1968.

36. Malcolm X 1925-1965 Born Malcolm Little in Omaha, Nebraska.
X was raised in ghettos and in a few different foster homes.
Led to a life of crime
After going to jail, X is influenced by the Nation of Islam (Black Muslims).

37. Malcolm X
X preached black nationalism-a belief in the separate identity and racial unity of the African American community.
Was opposed to integration and Dr. King’s message of nonviolence.
Influenced by Black Panthers.
Was assassinated in New York City in February 1965.

38. Similarities and Differences
Both men were very outspoken and gave great speeches.
Both men wanted equality for African Americans and other minorities.
Both men had many enemies and died violently in the 1960’s.
King preached nonviolence and passive resistance, X told people to fight back.
King was in favor of integration, while X preached segregation (separation).
After a pilgrimage to Mecca, Malcolm X had a change of heart and was open to working with White America.

39. In their own words…
King’s thoughts on X:
X’s thoughts on King:

40. Civil Rights Act of 1964
Segregation officially becomes illegal throughout the U.S.
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission-prevent job discrimination

41. Voting Rights Act of 1965 Banned literacy tests
Banned any other laws that kept people from voting
Sent federal officials to register voters

42. 24th Amendment Ratified January, 1964
Abolished poll tax in federal elections