1. Misunderstanding the History of Israel
Rod Macdonald

2. How Societies Organize
Kinship: Age, blood relations, clan, tribe, similar to Monarchy
Theocracy: Specific theologies, closeness to G-d
Democracy: Franchised members, equality, committees, voting
Oligarchy: Rule by powerful and rich elites with patronage and favor
Model from “Systems Leadership” Dr. I Macdonald

3. Early Times – The creation of the name Palestine
1000 – 586 BCE First Jewish Kingdom
538 – 63 BCE Second Jewish Kingdom
63 BCE The creation of the Roman province of Syria
40 BCE Romans appoint son of first Roman Procurator, Antipas’ son “King of the Jews”, eliminating last of the Hasmonean dynasty, ruling Roman province of Judea (plus the old lands of Samaria and Idumea). Multiple Herods two dismissed by the Romans
6 CE Roman province of Judea comes under direct Roman administration. Start of Jewish-Roman wars (66-73 CE)
70 CE Romans destroy The Second Temple kill and expel thousands of Jews
135 CE After Bar Kokhba’s revolt Hadrian changed name of the province of Judea to Syria Palaestina and Jerusalem to Aelia Capitolina

4. 1099 - 1291 CE Christian Crusaders
CE Muslim Arabs
CE Christian Crusaders
1187 – Saladin’s victory over Crusaders
CE the Mamluks
1516 – 1917 CE the Ottoman Empire
1917 – 1948 CE the British Mandate
Maps Israel Ministry of Foreign Affaires

5. The Middle East

6. Sykes-Picot Agreement (Following Sykes-Picot-Sazonov Treaty 1916)

7. Balfour Declaration November 2, 1917
1897 – Zionists National movement under Dr. Herzl
1914 Zionist support allied cause. Jewish legion fought with Great Britain
Chaim Weizmann, a renowned chemist, who would be come Israel’s first President, helps Great Britain build their munitions industry. Sister Minna
Nov 2, 1917, area allocated Jewish National Homeland by British Government incorporated in Versailles Treaty 1919 and agreed by the new League of Nations who gave the British a Mandate
This area was referred to as Palestine. It covers just half of one percent of the Middle East
Jews start immigrating during 1920s & 30s met with fierce Arab resistance
Maps Israel Ministry of Foreign Affaires

8. Two State Solution: 1923
Under pressure from Arabs (the British needed Arab oil) Britain imposes quotas for immigration at 75,000 per year and reduced the original mandate by 75% allocating only 25% to Jewish National Homeland, called Palestine. The remainder was designated as Transjordan
Jewish settlement was barred in Transjordan
As the Arabs would not compromise or recognize any form of Jewish state the British handed the problem over to the the UN to find a solution in 1947
Maps Israel Ministry of Foreign Affaires

9. British Hand Problem over to the UN February, 1947
UNSCOP (Special Committee on Palestine), with delegates from 11 nations, recommended further partition of the proposed Jewish Homeland in UN Resolution 181
The Jews accepted this partition but no Arab or other Muslim country accepted it. UNR 181 was a recommendation that was not agreed or accepted; it has no legal standing
Maps Israel Ministry of Foreign Affaires
Maps Israel Ministry of Foreign Affaires

10. Armistice Line 1949 Green Line
May 15, 1948 British rule ended. All neighboring Arab states invaded the one day old state of Israel in order to destroy it. Jordan and Egypt seized the land proposed for the new Arab state. Jordan formally annexing the West Bank on April 24, 1950
Under UN mediation a cease fire was declared. It was agreed this demarcation line would only be interim until replaced by permanent peace treaties
This line became known as the “Green Line”. It was not recognized as a legal international border
Iraq and Saudi Arabia whose forces took part in the war did not sign any agreement
Maps Israel Ministry of Foreign Affaires

11. Armistice Line 1967
The same Arab states tried to destroy Israel again in Israel pre-empted the planned attack and seized the land previously taken by Jordan and Egypt as well as the Sinai
Israel took the Golan Heights after Syria had prevented Israel from executing vital development projects in the area on water resources
The West Bank became known as “occupied territory” even though it had been recovered from an occupier, Jordan, who had no legal rights to this land. A more appropriate legal term is “disputed territory”
UN Security Council Resolution 242 did not demand a unilateral Israeli withdrawal, rather a negotiated solution
September 1, 1967, Khartoum resolution from Arab states, no recognition, no peace, no negotiations
Maps Israel Ministry of Foreign Affaires

12. Armistice Line 1973
Egypt and Syria carried out a surprise military attack on Israel on Yom Kippur in 1973
Israel fights back and crosses the Suez canal
The peace process started between Israel and Egypt through two agreements. The Suez canal was opened to shipping and Egypt removed its blockade on the Red Sea
1978 Israel returns Sinai Peninsular, with oil, to Egypt in exchange for a peace agreement
Maps Israel Ministry of Foreign Affaires

13. The Road to Peace
October 26, 1994 Israel and Jordan sign a peace treaty normalizing relations between the two states
Israel recognized a special historical role for Jordan in Jerusalem with regard to Islamic holy sites and institutions
2000 Israel offers independence to the Palestinians with all of Gaza and 95% of land in West Bank. Response is wave of suicide bombers
August 15, 2005 Israel unilaterally withdraws from Gaza. Hamas engages in endless cross-border terror attacks and rocket fire at Israeli civilian targets resulting in three major defensive campaigns in Dec 2008-Jan 2009; Nov and July 8- Aug 26, 2014 to reduce the level of attacks
Peace unlikely as long as most Palestinians and many other Muslims and Arabs do not recognize the right of the Jewish State of Israel to exist. In short, wants them dead
Maps Israel Ministry of Foreign Affaires

15. Thank you for listening