1. Bellwork Think about this…. Historical Event
When societies are threatened, governing bodies often implement additional security measures in order to protect their citizens.
Historical Event
Events in history in which security was heightened in the United States.
What occurred during these times?

2. National Security vs. Individual Liberties
USA Patriot Act
National Security vs Individual Liberties

3. USA Patriot Act
I can investigate the tradeoffs between restoring national security and maintaining civil liberties by investigating the U.S. Bill of Rights and the Patriot Act .
I can debate reasons why restrictions to individual rights should or should not be allowed.

4. What does "personal liberty" mean to you?
Think about this….
The National Security Agency asserts that it strives to balance national security with the need to maintain personal liberty.
What does "personal liberty" mean to you?

5. Bill of Rights Freedom of_____________, ____________, ____________
Right to__________ ______________
No Quartering of Soldiers
No unreasonable _____________ and _________________
Rights of persons accused of crimes
Right to a ___________and ______________ __________
Right of _____________by ____________________
No cruel or unusual punishments inflicted
Rights that are guaranteed but not listed in the _______________________________________
Rights reserved to the _________ or to the ___________

6. Terrorist Attacks on September 11, 2001
Review of Facts
On September 11, 2001, nearly 3,000 people were killed in the terrorist attacks by the Islamic terrorist group al-Qaeda at the World Trade Center (WTC) in NYC, Pentagon building in Washington, D.C., and in a plane crash in PA (headed for the White House).
Recovery clean-up of the 1.8 million tons of wreckage from the WTC site took 9 months.
This was the largest loss of life by a foreign attack on American soil.

7. USA PATRIOT Act
According to this document, what rights did the government have under the Patriot Act?
Individual rights according to the US Constitution that were taken away were….

8. USA Patriot Act of 2001
Expands terrorism laws to include “domestic terrorism”
Allowed surveillance, wiretapping, harassment, and criminal action for political advocacy
Expands the ability of law enforcement to conduct secret searches, gives them wide powers of phone and internet surveillance, and access to highly personal medical, financial, mental health, and student records with minimal judicial oversight.

9. Background Investigation
In times of heightened national security, governments often react by tightening security measures. Sometimes, these measures can encroach on civil liberties. This activity invites students to weigh the costs and benefits of increased national security in regard to civil liberties.
Background
While the issue of national security has been around since the country was founded, the modern concept of this principle started with the passage of the National Security Act of The act created what would come to be known as the Department of Defense and established the National Security Council and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).
After the National Security Agency (NSA) was caught spying domestically in the early 1970s, Congress in 1978 passed the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA), which outlined procedures for requesting judicial authorization for electronic surveillance of persons inside the United States if they were involved in espionage or international terrorism against the United States. The legislation was later expanded to address physical searches, pen registers and trap and trace devices, and access to certain business records. In 2001–2002, the Patriot Act, the Intelligence Authorization Act, and the Homeland Security Act further changed FISA provisions.
In the aftermath of September 11, 2001, the NSA's General Michael Hayden secretly bypassed FISA regulations. Hayden wiretapped and otherwise monitored the personal and business communications of millions of American citizens without first obtaining a warrant. When his actions were uncovered in 2005, FISA was amended, making it illegal to intentionally engage in electronic surveillance under the appearance of an official act or to disclose or use information obtained by electronic surveillance under appearance of an official act. In addition, the Wiretap Act prohibits any person from illegally intercepting, disclosing, using, or divulging phone calls or electronic communications.

10. Facts
Since the Bill of Rights was ratified more than 200 years ago, the United States has passed additional laws regarding citizens' rights. While national security measures are implemented to protect individuals, such measures can also restrict the rights of individuals they are designed to protect. The main issue lawmakers must address with these regulations is balancing national security interests with individual personal rights.

11. National Security vs. Individual Liberties
Consider what personal liberties, if any, you would be willing to sacrifice in order to maintain national security.
Scenario Assignment Teams
Before coming to a final conclusion about whether a situation would be permissible, you must first consider reasons why the restriction of individual rights should be allowed and also why it should not be allowed
Team presentations of decision reached and reasons behind the decision
Does everyone else agree? If not, Why not?

12. Reflection of learning