1. Biochemistry Notes
Image by Riedell

2. VERY, VERY LARGE MOLECULES MACROMOLECULES = ____________________
EXAMPLE:
Insulin =
C254 H377 N65 O76 S6
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3. _________ is the most important atom found in living things CARBON
four
It can join to _______
other atoms at same time
chains
It can form ______ or _____
so it can make lots of
different kinds of molecules.
rings
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4. __________ molecules are found __________ and _____________ atoms
__________ molecules are found __________ and _____________ atoms
ORGANIC
in living things
contain CARBON

5. One way to join molecules to make a bigger molecule is by ________
a _______ molecule to make a bond.
= ____________________ reaction
removing
WATER
dehydration synthesis
See an animation

6. DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS “dehydration” “synthesis”
=_____________ _____________
water loss
put parts together

7. POLYMERIZATION kind of synthesis small subunits similar
_________________ is a
________________ reaction in which many _____________ that are ________ join to make
a bigger molecule
These small units are called ______________
The big molecule they make is called a
_____________
kind of synthesis
small subunits
similar
MONOMERS
POLYMER
Image by RIedell

8. EXAMPLE: DNA _________ subunits (A,T,G,C) join together to make
a _____ molecule
Nucleotide
DNA

9. Chemical reactions can also ________ molecules apart.
______________ = kind of chemical reaction in which a molecule is broken apart by adding a________ molecule.
“_____” = water “_____” = break apart
break
HYDROLYSIS
WATER
hydro
lysis
See an animation

10. opposite HYDROLYSIS is the _________ of DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS.
Adding a water molecule breaks the bond.

11. More on this is Chapters 7, 8,& 9
ATP is the energy
molecule used by
all cells.
Breaking a bond
using hydrolysis is
the way ENERGY
is released.
More on this is Chapters 7, 8,& 9

12. Living things _______ of these kinds of _______ (and MORE) to get the _______they need.
use BOTH
reactions
materials

13. Hydrogen Ions (H+) H+ acidic More H+ = more acidic
The number of ____ ions determines how _______ a solution will be. H+
acidic
More H+ = more acidic

14. Group Activity You will receive pieces to make a monomer.
All monomers will be joined together to form a polymer.
Macromolecules are formed by joining smaller compounds together.
Polymers – monomers joined together Monomers – smaller units