1. Biochemistry Objective:
Describe the structure and function of organic molecules
Demonstrate how small molecules are joined together to make larger molecules

2. I. Living things are made of matter
A. 6 most common elements in living things:
B. These elements combine to form organic molecules

3. II. Organic Compounds A. Living cells are built from biomolecules
1. Large, complex molecules called polymers
2. Built from smaller, repeating parts called monomers
B. Carbon is backbone for biomolecules
1. Forms 4 covalent bonds
2. Forms chains and rings

4. III. Carbon in organic molecules comes from photosynthesis

5. IV. There are 4 categories of organic molecules…
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Lipids
D. Nucleic Acids

6. Activity: Looking at Carbs…

7. Directions:
Examine your carbohydrate molecule. You were given a simple sugar, the monomer of carbs. On your chart, write down the elements that make it up.
Name your carbohydrate – the name must end in “- ose”.
Record some examples of carbs: sugars like glucose & starches like amylose. Can you think of others?
What shape is your carbohydrate? Record this in your chart under “Other information”
Following the directions given, you will model the joining together of monomers (simple sugar) to make a polymers (bigger molecules).
Label: monosaccharide (monomer), disaccharide, or polysaccharide.
In your chart, record some of the functions of carbs

8. Functions of Carbs (record in your chart)
ENERGY
Support
Cell Recognition

9. Activity: Looking at Proteins

10. Directions:
Examine the amino acid that you were given. These are the building blocks (monomers) of proteins.
Identify the elements that make up your amino acid. Record in your chart.
Compare your amino acid to the person next to you. Are they identical? What parts are the same? Highlight the similarities.
What part of your amino acids are different? Circle these and label this circled part “R-group”.
In your chart, under “other information” note that there are 20 amino acids that are all identical except for their R-groups.

11. Directions, cont.:
Following the directions given, you will model the joining together of monomers (amino acids) to make a polymers (bigger molecules).
How is the process of joining amino acids similar to the process of joining monosaccharides?
Complete chart for proteins

12. Examples of proteins (record on chart)
Hemoglobin
Keratin
Collagen
Enzymes
Antibodies

13. Functions of proteins (record on chart)
Speed up chemical reactions
Transport
Structure
Fight disease

14. Independent Activity:
Examining lipids & nucleic acids

15. Lipids Examples: Fats, Oils, Waxes, Steroids
Other Info - Characteristics:
Hydrophobic – “water-fearing”

16. Functions of Lipids Store energy (long-term) Water barrier Insulation
Make up cell membrane
Protect organism
Insulation

17. Nucleic Acids Examples: DNA, RNA, ATP Functions: Genetic information
Energy

18. Exit ticket:
To join monomers together, we demonstrated a process called “dehydration synthesis”. What does this term mean?
If we removed water to join monomers together, what do you think is done to break large molecules apart?