1. Organization of Tissue Connective Tissue

2. Definition of Connective Tissue
Used to connect….
Examples include basement membrane, bone, fat and blood
Uses include:
Support
Structure
Storage of energy
And transport
Composed of three parts
Specialized cells
Fibers (protein) matrix
Ground substance (fluid)

4. Socrative room #701439
1. What is your name (last, first)
2. What are some functions of connective tissues?
3. What components do all connective tissues contain?

5. Specific Functions Through out body, but never exposed Highly vascular
Contain sensory receptors
Establishing structural framework
Transporting fluids and dissolved materials
Protecting delicate organs
Support, surround and interconnect other tissues
Store energy as triglycerides
Defense from invading microorganisms

6. Classification of Connective Tissues
Connective Tissue Proper
Many types of cells, fibers in syrupy ground substance
Loose CT (adipose)
Dense CT (tendon)
Fluid Connective Tissue
Distinct populations of cells in watery matrix with dissolved proteins
Blood and lymph
Supporting Connective Tissue
Less cells, more fibers
Cartilage and bone

7. Socrative continued 4. list three types of connective tissue
5. give 2 examples of CT proper
6. give 2 examples of fluid CT
7. give 2 examples of supporting CT

8. Connective Tissue Proper Cell Types
Fibroblasts
Always present
Most abundant
Makes many proteins
Fibrocytes
#2 abundance
Source of fibers
Collagen
Reticular
Elastic
Adipocytes
Fat cells
Mesenchymal cells
Stem cells; differentiate
Found in embryonic CT
Macrophages
Amoeboid (engulf or eat)
Immunity
Mast cells
Mobile
Near blood vessels
Make histamine and heparin
Lymphocytes
Produce antibodies
Microphages
Also phagocytic
Melanocytes
Make melanin

9. Fibers Collagen Reticular Elastic Long, straight, unbranched
Bundle of proteins
Flexible but strong
Found in tendons (muscle to bone) and ligaments (bone to bone)
Stronger than steel; more likely to break bone than tendon !
Reticular
Thinner, interwoven, network
Resist force in many directions
Stabilize positions of organs and vessels against changing positions and gravity
Elastic
Elastin
Wavy
Return to position after stretching

10. Socrative
8. list the three types of fibers

11. Loose CT “packing” between organs Cushion and stabilize Three types
Areolar
Spaces
Least specialized
Resilient
Padding
“pinched” skin
Adipose
Insulation
White fat –
Brown fat – vascular and lots mitochondria; metabolism
Reticular
Spleen, liver, lymph nodes

12. Dense CT Mostly fibers Lots of collagenous fibers
Divided into dense regular and dense irregular
Regular
Tendons and ligaments
Irregular
Surround flat muscles, bones and organs
Also found in the cavities of the joints

13. Fluid Connective Tissue
Blood
Watery, fluid matrix known as plasma
Distinct populations of cells (RBC, white and platelets)
Dissolved proteins
Lymph
Forms as interstitial fluid
Enters lymphatic vessels
Eventually returned to large veins near the heart
Process (vessels to interstitial to lymph and back to vessels) is necessary for immunity and homeostasis – blood volume

14. Supporting CT Cartilage Bone
Chondrocytes in lacunae with matrix and fibers
Three types (pg 129)
Hyaline ; stiff but flexible, decrease friction – ribs, joints, larynx, nose
Elastic; tolerates distortion – ear, epiglottis
Fibrocartilage; resists compression – knee, intervertebral discs
Bone
Calcium salts make up matrix
Collagen fibers
Blood vessels with lacunae that contain osteocytes

15. Socrative
9. in fluid CT, like blood, what is considered the ground substance, the fibers and the cells?
10. in supporting CT, like bone, what is considered the ground substance, the fibers and the cells?

16. Membranes Barrier Epithelia + CT 4 types Mucous Membranes Serous
Line digestive, respiratory and reproductive
Moist, low friction, lubrication
Serous
Sealed
Pericardium, viscera, thin, permeable, constantly diffusing fluids
Cutaneous
Thicker, waterproof and usually dry
Synovial
At joints
Lubrication between bones at articulations

17. socrative 11. list the 4 types of membranes
12. Rate your understanding of CT… using a scale of 1-10;
10 means you REALLY get it,
lower numbers mean you do NOT understand.