1. Cranial nerves and Spinal Nerves
Biology 252 Anatomy and Physiology Lab II
Fall 2017
Dr. Santos

2. CRANIAL NERVES Cranial nerve type function I Olfactory S smell
II Optic
vision
III Oculomotor M
4 out of the 6 extraocular muscles that move the eye

3. IV Trochlear M
1 out of the 6 extraocular muscles of the eye
V trigeminal
M/S
S- facial
M- chewing
VI Abducens
6TH extraocular muscle of the eye
VII Facial
S- face, mouth, anterior 2/3 of tongue
M- muscles of facial expression, glands that produce tears, saliva and mucus

4. VIII Vestibulocochlear
Hearing
IX Glossopharyngeal
M/S
S- Posterior 1/3 of tongue
M- muscles of throat/swallowing
X Vagus
S- skin of head and pharynx
M- speech/swallowing/salivary glands
*outside thoracic/abdominal viscera
XI Accessory M
Head/neck muscles
XII Hypoglossal
Muscles that move the tongue

5. Spinal nerves Ventral and dorsal root merge to form the spinal nerve
The spinal nerve breaks off into a dorsal and ventral ramus
The dorsal ramus innervates the posterior trunk (skin, joints, and muscles)
The ventral ramus is divided into sections or networks of nerves called plexuses.

7. Cervical plexus C1-C4 Skin of head and neck and certain neck muscles
Phrenic nerve- serves the diaphragm

8. Brachial plexus
C5-T1
Axillary nerve- serves structures near axilla including the deltoid and teres minor muscles and skin around this region
Musculocutaneous nerve- anterior arm muscles
Radial nerve- posterior arm muscles
Ulnar nerve- serves forearm flexors, intrinsic muscles of hands, and skin over medial hand
Median nerve- forearm flexors, intrinsic hand muscles, skin over lateral and anterior hand

9. Lumbar plexus L1-L4, a small contribution from T12
Femoral nerve- motor innervation to most of the anterior thigh muscles and sensory innervation to skin of anterior and medial thigh, legs, and foot
Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve- sensory to the anterolateral thigh

10. Sacral plexus L4- S4 1- Sciatic nerve- splits into 2 branches
a) tibial nerve- muscles of the thigh, posterior leg and foot (m) and posterior leg and foot (s)
b) fibular nerve- anterolateral leg and foot (m/s)
2- pudendal nerve- innervates muscles of pelvic floor and anogenital sphincters.