1. Evolution at the Nucleotide Level
Rapid Evolution of HIV/SIV and Microsatellites in Candida albicans
Matthew D. Pagel
NSCORT/Exobiology Fellow
Christopher Wills Lab
Department of Biology, University of California - San Diego

2. HIV/SIV Phylogenetic Trees
A Model for Rapid Evolution

3. Sample Sequence Alignment

4. HIV/SIV Env gene Neighbor-Joining Tree (from Yellow Fever, Black Goddess by C. Wills)

5. Neighbor-Joining Tree of Env gene of HIV/SIV - NCBI/Los Alamos Complete Sequences

6. Pol Neighbor-Joining Tree
HIV1
HIV2

7. Neighbor-Joining Tree of Gag Gene of HIV/SIV

8. NJ Tree of Gag after Unverified Sequences Removed

9. Cloning of Candida albicans genes involved in pathogenicity
Plasmid Construction of Erk1

10. Microsatellite Slippage Mutations (Glutamine)

11. The Genetic Code --The Translation of mRNA to Amino Acids--

13. Recombination-Mediated Plasmid Construction

14. Action of Restriction Enzymes (Eco RI example clipped from Molecular Cell Biology CD-Rom)

20. Plasmid Construction via Restriction Digest

22. Blue/White Screen

24. Future Steps
Site-directed mutagenesis producing variant microsatellite length
Re-insertion of plasmid into knockout strains
Analysis of morphological form (hyphal)

25. Acknowledgements Chris Wills Nikki Freed Dave Metzgar Sol Guiterrez
Hattie Oswald
Lois Lane
Bill Baity
Carlos Flores, Vincent Starai, Carlos Peralta, & William Engels
The NSCORT/Exobiology Program